Leak of the century: The lesson of the Panama papers

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【Notes

1.Panama papers.巴拿马文件

2.Tax haven避税场所(指税率很低的国家或地区)

3.Murky.

1)Dark and gloomy, esp. due to thick mist.阴暗的,昏暗的,漆黑的

The sky was murky and a thin drizzle was falling.天色灰暗,细雨濛濛。

2)(of liquid) dark and dirty; not clear.(液体)又黑又脏的;浑浊的

The murky silt of a muddy pond.池塘里肮脏的淤泥。

3)Not fully explained or understood, esp. with concealed dishonesty or immorality.不明不白的(尤指暗含不诚实或不道德的东西)

The murky world of espionage.波谲云诡的间谍世界

4.Watchdog.

1)监督人员,监察人员

The consumer watchdog for transport in London.伦敦交通乘客监督员。

2)V.监督(人、活动、形势)

How can we watchdog our investments?我们怎样监督我们的投资呢?

5.Mossback Fonseca.莫萨克冯塞卡律师事务所(law firm)

6.Fret.

1)Vi. Be constantly or visibly worried or anxious.烦躁,苦恼,焦急

Shefretted aboutthe cost of groceries.她为日用品的费用发愁。

2)Vt. Cause worry or distress使苦恼,使忧伤

3)Vt. Gradually wear away sth by rubbing or gnawing.使磨损,使销蚀。

The bay’s black waves fret the sea front.海湾里黑色的波浪侵蚀着滨海区。

7.State of the art(state-of-the-art).

Using the most modern art or advanced techniques or methods; as good as it can be at the present time应用最先进技术或方法的;最先进的

Eg: the system was state of the art.这一系统是当时最先进的。

A state-of-the-art system.目前最先进的系统。

8.Encryption algorithm.加密算法(数据加密的基本过程就是对原来为明文的文件或数据按某种算法进行处理,使其成为不可读的一段代码,通常称为“密文”,使其只能在输入相应的密钥之后才能显示出本来内容,通过这样的途径来达到保护数据不被非法人窃取、阅读的目的。该过程的逆过程为解密,即将该编码信息转化为其原来数据的过程。)

9.ICIJ (the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists国际调查记者联盟)

10.Trove: a store of valuable or delightful things.有价值(或令人喜爱的)藏品

11.Unveil:

1)揭去面纱;(揭幕仪式)揭开幕布

The Princess unveiled a plague.公主为牌匾揭幕。

The unveiling of the memorial.纪念碑揭幕式。

2)Show or announce publicly for the first time向公众透露;揭示

12.Blacklist黑名单;把…列入黑名单

13.Alleged被指控的

14.Rogue: a dishonest or unprincipled man无赖,流氓,恶棍

You are a rogue and an embezzler.你是个无赖和贪污分子。

15.Drug baron毒枭

16.Shuffle:

1)拖着脚走

I stepped into my skis and shuffled to the edge of the steep slope.我穿上雪屐,拖着脚走到陡峭的山坡边。

2)Get out of or avoid a responsibility or obligation逃避责任(或义务)

Some hospitals can shuffle off their responsibilities by claiming to have no suitable facilities.一些医院可能声称没有合适的设备而逃避责任。

17.Incorporate

1)Put or take in sth aspart of a whole; include纳入,收入

She has incorporated in his proposal a lot of measures.他在提案中纳入了大量措施。

2)使组成公司;使立为城市;使结成组织

18.Turf草皮;草皮块;赛马场;(人的)影响范围

19.Dodge taxes逃税

20.Illicit:不合法的,不正当的  an illicit trade in alcohol非法贩酒

21.Crony: (informal, often derogatory)a close friend or companion.密友;伙伴

He went gambling with his cronies.他和同伴去赌博了。

22.Incense:

1)N.香,焚香时的烟,香气

2)V.焚香

The aroma of cannabis incensed the air.大麻的香气熏香了空气。

3)V.(一般作be incensed)make very angry.使发怒,激怒

Locals are incensedat the suggestion.

23.Misappropriate挪用;盗用;侵吞;私占

Misappropriate public funds.挪用公款

24.Chum:好友,密友

Her school chums她很要好的几个同学

25.Defraud:欺骗,骗取,诈取

Defraud him of his property骗取他的财产

26.Hobble:

1)蹒跚,跛行(尤指因为伤痛)

He was hobbling around on crutches.他拄着拐杖跛行。

2)使成为…的问题

Cotton farmers hobbled by low prices.低价给棉皮带来了麻烦。

3)阻碍,妨碍(计划、系统等的成功进行)

27.Graft:

1)维护政治(或生意上)非法利益的行为(尤指行贿);贪污

Sweeping measures to curb official graft.大规模制止官方腐败的行为。

2)贪污腐败所得

Government officials grow flat off bribes and graft.政府官员靠受贿和贪污中饱私囊。

28.Cronyism: the appointment of friends and associates to positions of authority, without proper regard to their qualifications.任人唯亲,裙带关系

29.Stringent: (of regulations, requirements, or conditions) strict, precise, and exacting(规定,要求,条件)严格的,严厉的,精确的

California’s air pollution guidelines are stringent.加州制定的空气污染标准很严格。

30.Kleptocrat: a ruler who uses their power to steal their country’s resources.盗贼官僚(利用权力盗窃国家资源的统治者)

31.Stash:藏匿处;非法毒品

Eg: the man grudgingly handed over a stash of notes.那人勉强交出一个钞票藏匿处。

One prisoner tried to swallow his stash.一个犯人企图吞服藏匿的毒品。

32.Crack down: severe measures to restrict or discourage undesirable or illegal people or behavior.(对违法的人或行为)严厉打击;制裁;镇压

A crack down car crime.严厉打击汽车犯罪行为。

33.Middleman:中间商;经纪人

He acted as middlemanin discussions between the twocompanies.

34.Crook

1)骗子,无赖

2)弯曲物;(牧羊人shepherd等的)弯柄杖

3)非法的,不正当的

35.Launder

1)洗熨衣服

I’ll have my suit laundered.我要把我的套装洗熨一下。

2)转移(资金)以便隐瞒其非法来历;洗钱

The gang laundered the stolen money through their chain of hotels.这帮匪徒通过他们的连锁饭店洗赃款。

36.Loot:掠夺物;战利品;(非正式)金钱

37.Dredge:(用挖掘机)疏浚(港口、河流等水域);挖掘

Mud was dredged out of the harbor.从海港里挖出泥

38.Shell company空壳公司("空壳公司"也叫现成公司(readymade company)。最早是根据英国公司法确立的一种公司法律形式。是发起人根据香港或英国的法律成立的有限公司,但是没有任命第一任董事,也没有投资者认购股份,不会发生经营及债权债务。需要公司时,投资者只需要将董事和股东交给公司秘书,由他制作相关文件。一般在数小时便可完成。)

39.Vehicle:

1)交通工具

2)A thing used to express, embody, or fulfill something.(表达、体现或完成的工具)手段,方法,载体

I use paint as a vehicle for my ideas.我用色彩表达思想。

40.Getaway car/van/vehicle: thevehicle that criminals use when they are driving away, for example from a bankwhere they have stolen money.

41.Intermediary调解人,中间人

42.Husband: v.节约使用(资源)

The need to husband his remaining strength.保养他生育的体力的需要。

43.Weed out: to remove a person or thing that is not suitable or good enough, esp. from a group or collection.淘汰

We need a processthat weeds out corrupt police officers.

44.Dodgy:

1)Dishonest or unreliable不诚实;不可靠的

A dodgy second-hand car salesman.奸诈的二手车车商。

2)Potentially dangerous有潜在危险的

Activities like these could be dodgy for your heart.这些活动可能会对你的心脏不好。

45.Buffer: n.起缓冲作用的人或物

Family and friends can provide a buffer against stress.家人和朋友可以帮你缓解压力。

v.缓冲减轻

the massage helps to buffer the strain.按摩有助于缓解压力

n.因循守旧的老顽固

a distinguished old buffer.一位有名的老顽固。

46.Pry: enquire too inquisitively into a person’s private affairs.(对别人隐私)窥视,刺探,打听

I’m sick of youprying into my personal life.

47.Money-laundering洗钱

48.Shadow financial system影子金融体系

又称影子银行系统(Shadow

Banking system),影子银行,指游离于银行监管体系之外、可能引发系统性风险和监管套利等问题的信用中介体系(包括各类相关机构和业务活动)。

49.Police: v.

1)(警察部队)在(某地区或事件)中维护治安

2)在(某地区或领域)监督执行(规定或条约)

A UN resolution touse military force to police theno-fly zone.使用武装力量监督执行禁飞区联合国协议

3)执行(法律,协议,条约)

The regulations will be policed by factory inspectors.这些规定将由厂监来执行。

50.Tax evasion.逃税,偷税。

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