应用场景：ini类型配置文件由于升级改动了，我想看看升级后的配置文件相对于之前的改动了哪些配置项
ini类型的配置文件的特点：
就像这样子：
[isamchk]
key_buffer = 128M
sort_buffer_size = 128M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
[myity]
key_buffer = 128M
sort_buffer_size = 128M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
每个配置块内容前有一个[xxx]的section
现在我们要对比的是升级后改动的配置文件相对于升级前哪些section中改了哪些配置，是
新增的，还是值更新了
这里面用Python解决的难点，一个是每个section要和下面的配置项进行绑定，第二个问题是对比配置的不同，可以提取旧文件的key存起来，再通过遍历新文件中的键是不是在旧文件的key中
以下是实现的代码：
import re
import sys
def data_block(file_stream):
flag = False
for line in file_stream:
line = line.strip()
if line.startswith('[') and line.endswith("]"):
if flag:
yield var
line_list = []
line_list.append(("tag",line))
elif line == "":
continue
else:
line = line.split("=",1)
line = tuple(line)
line_list.append(line)
var = dict(line_list)
flag = True
yield var
def line_count(keywords, filename):
"""
:param keywords: 对比旧文件，在新文件中改变值的键名或新增的键
:return: 返回键所在的行号
：filename 文件名称
"""
with open(filename) as fp:
for index, line in enumerate(fp):
if keywords in line:
return index+1
def compare_config(dict1, dict2):
"""
遍历新文件中的每个键是否在旧文件中存在，如果存在，则比较值是否相同，不相同则打印配置更新，和所在的位置
否则视为在新文件中新增的项
:return:
"""
for k2 in dict2.keys():
k1 = list(dict1.keys())
if k2 in k1:
if dict2[k2] != dict1[k2]:
count = line_count(dict2['tag'], file2)
print("%s中配置项值更新：%s=%s-->%s=%s,位置在第%s行" %(dict2['tag'], k2, dict1[k2],k2, dict2[k2], count))
else:
count = line_count(k2,file2)
print("%s中新增配置项：%s=%s,位置在第%s行" %(dict2['tag'], k2, dict2[k2], count))
# 新文件中删除了哪些项，在旧文件中有，在新文件中没有的项
set1 = set(dict1.keys())
set2 = set(dict2.keys())
deleteKeys = set1 - set2
for k1 in deleteKeys:
count = line_count(dict1['tag'], file1)
print("新文件%s中删除了配置：%s=%s，位置在旧文件中的第%s行" %(dict2['tag'], k1, dict1[k1],count))
def delete_config(dict1_tag, dict2_tag, data_list1):
delete_section = set(dict1_tag) - set(dict2_tag)
for dict1 in data_list1:
if dict1['tag'] in delete_section:
count = line_count(dict1['tag'], file1)
print("新文件中已经删除了配置%s，位置在旧文件中的第%s行" %(dict1['tag'],count))
dict1.pop("tag")
for k1,v1 in dict1.items():
print(k1 + " = " + v1)
if __name__ == '__main__':
try:
file1 = sys.argv[1]
file2 = sys.argv[2]
except:
print("userage:xxx.py oldfile newfile")
sys.exit(1)
fp1 = open(file1, 'r')
fp2 = open(file2, 'r')
data_list1 = []
a1 = data_block(fp1)
for i in a1:
data_list1.append(i)
data_list2 = []
a2 = data_block(fp2)
for i in a2:
data_list2.append(i)
dict1_tag = []
for dict1 in data_list1:
dict1_tag.append(dict1['tag'])
dict2_tag = []
for dict2 in data_list2:
dict2_tag.append(dict2['tag'])
for dict2 in data_list2:
if dict2['tag'] in dict1_tag:
for dict1 in data_list1:
if dict1['tag'] == dict2['tag']:
"""dict1,dict2是键值对字典"""
compare_config(dict1, dict2)
else:
print("新文件中新增%s配置,配置项如下：" % dict2["tag"])
dict2.pop("tag")
for k2,v2 in dict2.items():
print(k2 + " = " + v2)
delete_config(dict1_tag, dict2_tag, data_list1)
fp1.close()
fp2.close()
测试：
1.准备两个配置文件，新文件中有的配置删了，有的是新增的
config1.ini:
[isamchk]
key_buffer = 128M
sort_buffer_size = 128M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
[sfsdamchk]
key_buffer = 128M
sort_buffer_size = 128M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
[myisamchk]
key_buffer = 128M
sort_buffer_size = 128M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
[myity]
key_buffer = 128M
sort_buffer_size = 128M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
config2.ini:
[isamchk]
sort_buffer_size = 128M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
hello = world
[sfsdamchk]
sort_buffer_size = 128M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
[myity]
key_buffer = 1288M
sort_buffer_size = 128M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
[myity2]
key_buffer = 128M
sort_buffer_size = 128M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
[myisamchk]
key_buffer = 128M
sort_buffer_size = 128M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
python compare-config2.py config1.ini config2.ini- 输出结果：
[isamchk]中新增配置项：hello=world,位置在第6行
新文件[isamchk]中删除了以下配置：key_buffer=128M，位置在旧文件中的第2行
新文件[sfsdamchk]中删除了以下配置：key_buffer=128M，位置在旧文件中的第2行
[myity]配置项值更新：key_buffer=128M-->key_buffer=1288M,位置在第15行
新文件中新增[myity2]配置,配置项如下：
key_buffer = 128M
sort_buffer_size = 128M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M