RPC异常处理概述
RPC异常处理指是,当客户端调用远端的服务,如果服务执行过程中发生异常,这个异常能否序列到客户端?
如果服务在执行过程中可能发生异常,那么在服务接口的声明中,就该声明该接口可能抛出的异常。
在Hessian中,服务器端发生异常,可以将异常信息从服务器端序列化到客户端,因为Exception本身是实现了Serializable的,因此,我们在自定义异常时,不需要显式的让自定义的
异常实现Serializable接口
举例
继续以【RPC框架Hessian二】中的代码为例,修改服务的save方法,刻意的让服务器端的代码抛出异常(抛出的是运行时异常,受检异常与此类似)
package com.tom.hessian.server; import com.tom.hessian.common.ComplexModel; import com.tom.hessian.common.IComplexModelService; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; /** * Created by tom on 14-9-2. */ public class ComplexModelService implements IComplexModelService { private Map<Integer,ComplexModel> models = new HashMap<Integer, ComplexModel>(); @Override public void save(ComplexModel model) { if (model.getId() == null){ throw new IllegalArgumentException("id could not be null"); } if (model.getId() == 1) { //客户端的model的id为1,因此会发生unchecked exception throw new IllegalArgumentException("id could not be 1"); } models.put(model.getId(), model); } @Override public ComplexModel read(Integer modelId) { return models.get(modelId); } }
当客户端的model的id为1时,调用save方法,抛出
if (model.getId() == 1) { //客户端的model的id为1,因此会发生unchecked exception throw new IllegalArgumentException("id could not be 1"); }
此时服务器端没有抛出异常,而客户端抛出异常:
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: id could not be 1 at com.tom.hessian.server.ComplexModelService.save(ComplexModelService.java:21) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606) at com.caucho.hessian.server.HessianSkeleton.invoke(HessianSkeleton.java:302) at com.caucho.hessian.server.HessianSkeleton.invoke(HessianSkeleton.java:198) at com.caucho.hessian.server.HessianServlet.invoke(HessianServlet.java:399) at com.caucho.hessian.server.HessianServlet.service(HessianServlet.java:379) at org.mortbay.jetty.servlet.ServletHolder.handle(ServletHolder.java:487) at org.mortbay.jetty.servlet.ServletHandler.handle(ServletHandler.java:362) at org.mortbay.jetty.security.SecurityHandler.handle(SecurityHandler.java:216) at org.mortbay.jetty.servlet.SessionHandler.handle(SessionHandler.java:181) at org.mortbay.jetty.handler.ContextHandler.handle(ContextHandler.java:726) at org.mortbay.jetty.webapp.WebAppContext.handle(WebAppContext.java:405) at org.mortbay.jetty.handler.ContextHandlerCollection.handle(ContextHandlerCollection.java:206) at org.mortbay.jetty.handler.HandlerCollection.handle(HandlerCollection.java:114) at org.mortbay.jetty.handler.HandlerWrapper.handle(HandlerWrapper.java:139) at org.mortbay.jetty.Server.handle(Server.java:324) at org.mortbay.jetty.HttpConnection.handleRequest(HttpConnection.java:505) at org.mortbay.jetty.HttpConnection$RequestHandler.content(HttpConnection.java:842) at org.mortbay.jetty.HttpParser.parseNext(HttpParser.java:648) at org.mortbay.jetty.HttpParser.parseAvailable(HttpParser.java:211) at org.mortbay.jetty.HttpConnection.handle(HttpConnection.java:380) at org.mortbay.io.nio.SelectChannelEndPoint.run(SelectChannelEndPoint.java:395) at org.mortbay.thread.BoundedThreadPool$PoolThread.run(BoundedThreadPool.java:450)
Hessian服务器端异常处理源代码分析
在Hessian的HessianSkeleton类的invoke方法中,通过反射调用服务代码:
try { result = method.invoke(service, values); //调用的服务端类、参数和方法 } catch (Exception e) { //捕获异常 Throwable e1 = e; if (e1 instanceof InvocationTargetException) e1 = ((InvocationTargetException) e).getTargetException(); log.log(Level.FINE, this + " " + e1.toString(), e1); out.writeFault("ServiceException", escapeMessage(e1.getMessage()), e1);//将异常信息序列到客户端 out.close(); return; }