史蒂芬•霍金(Stephen Hawking)在1942年1月8日出生于英国牛津。2018年3月14日,他离开了人世。
在牛津大学读书的最后一年,他发现自己动作越来越笨拙,时常不知缘由地摔跤,划船也变得力不从心。有一次,他还从楼梯上摔下来并且头先着地,造成暂时的记忆力轻微丧失。
在剑桥大学时,状况更加恶化,他的讲话有些含糊不清。霍金的父母亲也注意到他的健康问题,因此带他去看专科医生。在21岁时,医生诊断其患有肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症(即渐冻症),只剩两年可活。
面对着如此突如其来的灾难,他却迎难而上,积极乐观面对生活,他认为:
The victim should have the right to end his life, if he wants. But I think it would be a great mistake. However bad life may seem, there is always something you can do, and succeed at. While there's life, there is hope.
得知患病的这两年以来,霍金积极接受治疗,乐观面对生活,他说:
My expectations were reduced to zero when I was 21. Everything since then has been a bonus.
他觉得患病之后生活中发生的一切、每多活的一秒钟、每多呼吸的一口空气,都是他的恩赐。
随着两年光阴飞驰而去,他仍旧活着,很奇妙地,病情的恶化渐渐缓慢下来。
他不但奇迹般了熬过了那两年,而且还比医生预计的整整多活了55年。
不知是什么原因,在60年代后期,霍金的身体状况又开始恶化,行动走路都必须使用拐杖,不再能定期教课。
由于霍金逐渐失去写字能力,他自己发展出一种替代的视觉性方法,他在脑里形成各种不同的心智图案与心智方程,他可以用这些心智元素来思考物理问题。他说:
Although I cannot move and I have to speak through a computer, in my mind I am free.
霍金不愿对恶疾低头,甚至不愿接受任何帮助。他最喜欢被视为是科学家,然后是科普作家,最重要的是,被视为正常人,拥有与其他人相同的欲望、干劲、梦想与抱负。
60年代末期,经过不断劝说,霍金才同意使用轮椅。面对着残疾的自己,他却欣然接受自己的缺陷,他说:
One of the basic rules of the universe is that nothing is perfect. Perfection simply doesn't exist.....Without imperfection, neither you nor I would exist.
霍金的言语功能逐年退步,到了70年代后期,只剩下他的家人或密友能够听得懂他的话。 为了与其他人通话,他必须依赖翻译。
在霍金的办公室大楼门口,没有设置专门给轮椅通行的残障坡道,剑桥大学不愿负担搭建残障坡道所需的款项,因此霍金与剑桥发生争执。
后来,他与妻子共同发起活动敦促剑桥改善残障设施。自此之后,他成了残障人的“代言人”,他是这样鼓励残障人的:
My advice to other disabled people would be, concentrating on your disability doesn't prevent you doing well, and don't regret the things it interferes with. Don't be disabled in spirit as well as physically.
霍金的这种“不向命运低头”的精神有一部分是受到了他科学家的身份和无神论者的思想影响。他不相信上帝,更不相信命运的摆弄。他认为:
I believe the simplest explanation is, there is no God. No one created the universe and no one directs our fate. This leads me to a profound realization that there probably is no heaven and no afterlife either. We have this one life to appreciate the grand design of the universe and for that, I am extremely grateful.
伟大的科学家——霍金教授逝世了,希望他能安息!希望他坚韧不屈的精神长存于后世。
最后,奉上霍金教授的其它精彩语录:
We are just an advanced breed of monkeys on a minor planet of a very average star. But we can understand the Universe. That makes us something very special.
Quiet people have the loudest minds.
One, remember to look up at the stars and not down at your feet. Two, never give up work. Work gives you meaning and purpose and life is empty without it. Three, if you are lucky enough to find love, remember it is there and don't throw it away.
My goal is simple. It is a complete understanding of the universe, why it is as it is and why it exists at all.
Life would be tragic if it weren't funny.
Intelligence is the ability to adapt to change.