《刻意练习》摘录05

1. Expert performers develop their extraordinary abilities through years and years of dedicated practice, improving step by step in a long, laborious process. There are no shortcuts.
   中文：
   杰出人物通过年复一年的刻意练习，在漫长而艰苦的过程中一步一步改进，终于练就了他们杰出的能力。没有捷径可走。

2. In the long run it is the ones who practice more who prevail, not the ones who had some initial advantage in intelligence or some other talent.
   中文：
   从长远来看，占上风的是那些练习更勤奋的人，而不是那些一开始在智商或者其他才华方面稍有优势的人。

3. Even those who don’t reach the frontiers of a field can still enjoy the challenge of taking control of their own lives and improving their abilities. A world in which deliberate practice is a normal part of life would be one in which people had more volition and satisfaction.
   中文：
   即使是那些没能抵达某个行业或领域最前沿的人们，依然可以乐享掌握自己人生命运和提高能力水平的挑战。当刻意练习成为人生中的常态时，人们便会拥有更多的自愿选择和满足感。

4. A major difference between the deliberate-practice approach and the traditional approach to learning lies with the emphasis placed on skills versus knowledge-what you can do versus what you know. Deliberate practice is all about the skills. You pick up the necessary knowledge in order to develop the skills; knowledge should never be an end in itself.
   中文：
   在学习上，刻意练习的方法与传统方法之间的重要差别是对技能与知识的着重点不同，也就是说，一个强调你可以做什么，另一个强调你知道什么。刻意练习全都是关于技能的。你选择学习必要的知识，是为了培育技能；知识本身绝不是学习的目的。

5. You don’t build mental representations by thinking about something; you build them by trying to do something, failing, revising, and trying again, over and over. When you’re done, not only have you developed an effective mental representation for the skill you are developing, but you have also absorbed a great deal of information connected with that skill.
   中文：
   你在思考某件事情的时候，不会创建心理表征；只有通过去做某件事情，失败了之后调整方法，接着再去做，如此循环往复，才能创建心理表征。等你做完了，不仅为学习技能创建了心理表征，而且吸收了大量与那项技能相联系的信息。