MySQL5.7.10多元复制功能搭建
1.环境：centos6.5
[root@mysql-m1 mysql-5.7.10]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS release 6.5 (Final)
主机：
mysql-m1 192.168.56.21
mysql -m2 192.168.56.22
mysql-s 192.168.56.23现在是mysql-m1数据库已经搭建好，我使用自己的虚拟机进行clone 就省去多次安装数据库。
2.确保两个主库的server_id log-bin 开启 并且三个库的server_id 不同：
[root@mysql-m1 aliyun]# sed -n '36,37p' /etc/my.cnf
log-bin = /aliyun/data/mysqllogs/bin-log/mysql-bin
server_id = 1
[root@mysql-m2 mysql-5.7.10]# sed -n '36,37p' /etc/my.cnf
log-bin = /aliyun/data/mysqllogs/bin-log/mysql-bin
server_id = 2
[root@mysql-s mysql-5.7.10]# sed -n '36,37p' /etc/my.cnf
log-bin = /aliyun/data/mysqllogs/bin-log/mysql-bin
server_id = 33.master上创建测试库和表：
3.1登陆数据库mysql-m1创建库test01 和表h1：
[root@mysql-m1 tmp]# mysql -uroot -p -S /tmp/mysql.sock
mysql> create database test01;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> use test01;
Database changed
mysql> CREATE TABLE `h1` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `b1` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `b2` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `b3` int(11) GENERATED ALWAYS AS ((`b1` + `b2`)) VIRTUAL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> desc h1;
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------------------+
| id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| b1 | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
| b2 | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
| b3 | int(11) | YES | | NULL | VIRTUAL GENERATED |
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into h1(b1,b2) values(2,2);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from h1;
+----+------+------+------+
| id | b1 | b2 | b3 |
+----+------+------+------+
| 1 | 2 | 2 | 4 |
+----+------+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)3.2登陆数据库mysql-m2创建库test01 和表和h2：
mysql> create database test01;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> CREATE TABLE `h2` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `e1` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `e2` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `e3` int(11) GENERATED ALWAYS AS ((`e1` + `e2`)) VIRTUAL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> insert into h2(e1,e2) values(3,3);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.06 sec)
mysql> select * from h2;
+----+------+------+------+
| id | e1 | e2 | e3 |
+----+------+------+------+
| 1 | 3 | 3 | 6 |
+----+------+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)以下不停库锁表，自动切割bin-log日志，全量备份bin-log，导入从库中（此方法只适合5.5版本以下的数据库备份，不适合5.7版本的数据库备份，有待验证）（不是这篇文档的步骤）
[root@mysql-m1 bin-log]# mysqldump -uroot -p -S /tmp/mysql.sock --master-data=2 -A -B -R -x -F --events|gzip >/tmp/m1.sql.gz
[root@mysql-m2 mysql-5.7.10]# mysqldump -uroot -p -S /tmp/mysql.sock --master-data=2 -A -B -R -x -F --events|gzip >/tmp/m2.sql.gz适合5.7版本的多元同步的数据库备份(不同的表同步到一个数据库中):
[root@mysql-m1 tmp]# mysqldump -uroot -p123456 --master-data=2 --single-transaction --databases --add-drop-database test01 >m1.sql
[root@mysql-m2 tmp]# mysqldump -uroot -p123456 --master-data=2 --single-transaction --databases --add-drop-database test01 >m2.sql
[root@mysql-m1 tmp]# cat m1.sql|grep "CHANGE MASTER"
-- CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000012', MASTER_LOG_POS=154;
[root@mysql-m2 tmp]# cat m2.sql|grep "CHANGE MASTER"
-- CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000010', MASTER_LOG_POS=154;
[root@mysql-m1 tmp]# scp -rp -P22 m1.sql 192.168.56.23:/tmp/
[root@mysql-m2 tmp]# scp -rp -P22 m2.sql 192.168.56.23:/tmp/4.slave上操作：
[root@mysql-s tmp]# ll /tmp/
total 396
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 199233 May 8 01:15 m1.sql
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 199243 May 8 01:14 m2.sql
srwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 0 May 8 00:35 mysql.sock
-rw-------. 1 mysql mysql 5 May 8 00:35 mysql.sock.lock[root@mysql-s tmp]# mysql -uroot -p -S /tmp/mysql.sock
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
| txt001 |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.06 sec)分别在Slave上把Master_1和Master_2的数据导入Slave服务器，在导入前先修改从库的MySQL存储master-info和relay-info的方式，即从文件存储改为表存储，在my.cnf里添加以下选择：(注意此修改的是从库)
[root@mysql-s tmp]# cat -n /etc/my.cnf|sed -n '36,39p'
36 log-bin = /aliyun/data/mysqllogs/bin-log/mysql-bin
37 server_id = 1
38 master_info_repository=TABLE
39 relay_log_info_repository=TABLE或者再MySQL从库命令行操作：
[root@mysql-s ~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /tmp/mysql.sock
mysql> stop slave;
mysql> SET GLOBAL master_info_repository = 'TABLE';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> SET GLOBAL relay_log_info_repository = 'TABLE';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)把数据导入数据库：
[root@mysql-s tmp]# mysql -uroot -p -S /tmp/mysql.sock [root@mysql-s tmp]# mysql -uroot -p -S /tmp/mysql.sock
[root@mysql-s ~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /tmp/mysql.sock
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
| test01 |
| txt001 |
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use test01;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+------------------+
| Tables_in_test01 |
+------------------+
| h1 |
| h2 |
+------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from h1;
+----+------+------+------+
| id | b1 | b2 | b3 |
+----+------+------+------+
| 1 | 2 | 2 | 4 |
+----+------+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from h2;
+----+------+------+------+
| id | e1 | e2 | e3 |
+----+------+------+------+
| 1 | 3 | 3 | 6 |
+----+------+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)5.在mysql-m1和mysql-m2上创建复制账号：
这个操作跟MySQL 5.7之前版本一样：
在mysql-m1上创建
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'rep'@'192.168.56.23' identified by '123456';
mysql> flush privileges;（必须刷新权限否则不生效的）在mysql-m2上创建
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'rep'@'192.168.56.23' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.02 sec
mysql> flush privileges; （必须刷新权限否则不生效的）6.在slave从库上操作进行change master :
[root@mysql-s ~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /tmp/mysql.sock
mysql> change master to MASTER_HOST='192.168.56.21' ,MASTER_USER='rep' ,MASTER_PASSWORD='123456' ,MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000012' ,MASTER_LOG_POS=154 FOR CHANNEL 'mysql-m1';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec)mysql> change master to MASTER_HOST='192.168.56.22' ,MASTER_USER='rep' ,MASTER_PASSWORD='123456' ,MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000010' ,MASTER_LOG_POS=154 FOR CHANNEL 'mysql-m2';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.03 sec)mysql> start slave for CHANNEL 'mysql-m1';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> start slave for CHANNEL 'mysql-m2';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>[root@mysql-s ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -S /tmp/mysql.sock -e "SHOW SLAVE STATUS FOR CHANNEL 'mysql-m1'\G"|egrep "Slave_IO_Running|Slave_SQL_Running"
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Slave_IO_Running: Connecting (报错) 此处为yes才是正常的
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
7.同步报错解决方法:
7.1.看错误日志:
[root@mysql-s ~]# cat /aliyun/data/mysql/mysql_3306.err
7.2.检查防火墙是否关闭:
（从库本地和主库本地的防火墙）
[root@mysql-s ~]# mysql -urep -p123456 -h192.168.56.21
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
ERROR 2003 (HY000): Can't connect to MySQL server on '192.168.56.21' (113)
[root@mysql-s ~]# mysql -urep -p123456 -h192.168.56.22
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
ERROR 2003 (HY000): Can't connect to MySQL server on '192.168.56.22' (113)
[root@mysql-s ~]# /etc/init.d/iptables stop
iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter [ OK ]
iptables: Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ]
iptables: Unloading modules:
[root@mysql-m1 tmp]# /etc/init.d/iptables stop
iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter [ OK ]
iptables: Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ]
iptables: Unloading modules:
[root@mysql-m2 tmp]# /etc/init.d/iptables stop
iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter [ OK ]
iptables: Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ]
iptables: Unloading modules: [ OK ]
[root@mysql-m2 tmp]#7.3. 修改/ect/my.cnf中server_id 未生效:
[root@mysql-s ~]# mysql -urep -p123456 -h192.168.56.21 成功连接
但是从库连接mysql-m1还是报错：
但是从库连接mysql-m2还是报错：
[root@mysql-s ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -S /tmp/mysql.sock -e "SHOW SLAVE STATUS FOR CHANNEL 'mysql-m1'\G"|egrep "Slave_IO_Running|Slave_SQL_Running|Last_IO_Error"
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Slave_IO_Running: No
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Last_IO_Error: Fatal error: The slave I/O thread stops because master and slave have equal MySQL server ids; these ids must be different for replication to work (or the --replicate-same-server-id option must be used on slave but this does not always make sense; please check the manual before using it).
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 160508 03:03:05
原因是/ect/my.cnf 配置文件中修改server_id时。没有重启服务，所以修改没有生效
[root@mysql-s mysql-5.7.10]# cd /aliyun/server/mysql-5.7.10/
pkill mysqld
[root@mysql-s mysql-5.7.10]# sh start_mysql.sh
三个数据库都同样操作7.4.但是还是报错:
[root@mysql-s ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -S /tmp/mysql.sock -e "SHOW SLAVE STATUS FOR CHANNEL 'mysql-m1'\G"|egrep "Slave_IO_Running|Slave_SQL_Running|Last_IO_Error"
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Slave_IO_Running: No
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Last_IO_Error: Fatal error: The slave I/O thread stops because master and slave have equal MySQL server UUIDs; these UUIDs must be different for replication to work.
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 160508 03:23:36原因是mysql-s 虚拟机是基于mysql-m1的虚拟机克隆过来的，mysqlm1上的文件auto.cnf和mysql-s /mysql=m2上文件的auto.cnf 是一样的，所以报错
[root@mysql-s mysql]# cat /aliyun/data/mysql/auto.cnf
[auto]
server-uuid=3652e06e-1467-11e6-ab9f-000c2970db66
[root@mysql-m1 mysql-5.7.10]# cat /aliyun/data/mysql/auto.cnf
[auto]
server-uuid=3652e06e-1467-11e6-ab9f-000c2970db66
[root@mysql-m2 mysql-5.7.10]# cat /aliyun/data/mysql/auto.cnf
[auto]
server-uuid=3652e06e-1467-11e6-ab9f-000c2970db66
把这三个auto.cnf文件中的数值改成随便不一样的就行。然后依次重启数据库，就好了[root@mysql-s mysql-5.7.10]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -S /tmp/mysql.sock -e "SHOW SLAVE STATUS FOR CHANNEL 'mysql-m1'\G"|egrep "Slave_IO_Running|Slave_SQL_Running|Last_IO_Error"
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Last_IO_Error:
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:可以通过查看performance_schema相关的表查看同步状态，执行命令：
mysql> SELECT * FROM performance_schema.replication_connection_status;
监控复制状态
+--------------+------------+--------------------------------------+-----------+---------------+---------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------+--------------------+----------------------+
| CHANNEL_NAME | GROUP_NAME | SOURCE_UUID | THREAD_ID | SERVICE_STATE | COUNT_RECEIVED_HEARTBEATS | LAST_HEARTBEAT_TIMESTAMP | RECEIVED_TRANSACTION_SET | LAST_ERROR_NUMBER | LAST_ERROR_MESSAGE | LAST_ERROR_TIMESTAMP |
+--------------+------------+--------------------------------------+-----------+---------------+---------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------+--------------------+----------------------+
| mysql-m1 | | 3652e06e-1467-11e1-ab9f-000c2970db66 | NULL | OFF | 37 | 2016-05-08 04:26:38 | | 0 | | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| mysql-m2 | | 3652e06e-1467-11e6-ab9f-000c2970db66 | 41 | ON | 47 | 2016-05-08 04:51:32 | | 0 | | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
+--------------
+------------+--------------------------------------+-----------+---------------+---------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------+--------------------+----------------------+mysql> stop slave;(停止时必须同时开启各个slave，否则不能同步)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> set global sql_slave_skip_counter=10;
mysql> start slave for CHANNEL 'mysql-m1';
mysql> start slave for CHANNEL 'mysql-m2';
mysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS FOR CHANNEL 'mysql-m1'\G
mysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS FOR CHANNEL 'mysql-m2'\G8.MySQL 5.7的多源复制用处：
8.1、MySQL 5.7的多源复制，能有效的解决分库分表的数据统计问题，同时也可以实现在一台从服务器对多台主服务器的数据备份。
8.2、MySQL 5.7的多源复制的出现，我们就不需要使用MariaDB 的多主一从的架构了，让很多小伙伴又看到了新的希望。
参考资料：
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/change-master-to.html
http://www.longlong.asia/2015/10/21/mysql57-new-features.html
MySQL-5.7文档看考资料：
http://www.cnblogs.com/xuanzhi201111/p/5148113.html
mysql多元复制资料地址
http://www.mamicode.com/info-detail-1189601.html
mysql 数据库5.7编译安装
http://www.cnblogs.com/xuanzhi201111/p/5148113.html
http://www.mamicode.com/info-detail-1189601.html
http://huqiji.iteye.com/blog/2068613