【递归】【DSF】POJ No.2386 Lake Counting

作者: 一字马胡
转载标志 【2017-12-10】

更新日志

日期 更新内容 备注
2017-12-10 学习dfs 关于dfs的算法问题

Description

Due to recent rains, water has pooled in various places in Farmer John's field, which is represented by a rectangle of N x M (1 <= N <= 100; 1 <= M <= 100) squares. Each square contains either water ('W') or dry land ('.'). Farmer John would like to figure out how many ponds have formed in his field. A pond is a connected set of squares with water in them, where a square is considered adjacent to all eight of its neighbors.

Given a diagram of Farmer John's field, determine how many ponds he has.

Input

  • Line 1: Two space-separated integers: N and M

  • Lines 2..N+1: M characters per line representing one row of Farmer John's field. Each character is either 'W' or '.'. The characters do not have spaces between them.
    Output

  • Line 1: The number of ponds in Farmer John's field.

Sample Input

10 12
W........WW.
.WWW.....WWW
....WW...WW.
.........WW.
.........W..
..W......W..
.W.W.....WW.
W.W.W.....W.
.W.W......W.
..W.......W.

Sample Output

3

Solve

只要能连接在一起的"w"都属于一个lake,那么现在的目标很明确了,需要将那些可以连接在一起的w都连接在一起,对于任意一个Element,要么是"w",要么是".",一个“w”可以连接和它相连的8个方向的w,所以对于每一个“w” Element,需要变量它的相连的8个方向,并且当方向某个方向上也是“w”的时候就需要合并,并且状态转移到这8个方向上,开始新一轮的合并工作,直到遇到边界,或者遇到“.” Element,那么就可以停止了,这里面的递归特性也是很明显的,解决本题的方法是一种称为dfs的搜索技术,从任意一个“w”开始,搜索其周围的8个方向。

所谓dfs(深度优先搜索),表示其从某个状态出发,不断的转移状态到可达的状态,一直到无法再转移状态,也就是再也没有可达的状态了,然后就进行回退操作,回到前一步的状态,继续转移到其他没有转移过的状态,这样不断的进行重复尝试,直到找到最终的解,下面是一个比较形象的状态转移图,其中的数字表示状态的转移步骤:

【递归】【DSF】POJ No.2386 Lake Counting_第1张图片
dsf

下面展示了本题的一个解决方案,可以根据上面的图片进行理解dfs的搜索路径。


/*
 @poj 2386
*/
#include

using namespace std;

#define FOR(i,j,n,m) for(int i=0;i= 0 && nx < n && ny >= 0 && ny < m && maze[nx][ny] == 'W') {
                dfs(nx, ny);
            }
        }
    }
}

int main() {
    int i, j;
    cin >> n >> m;
    FOR(i, j, n, m) cin >> maze[i][j];
    int ans = 0;
    FOR(i, j, n, m) {
            if (maze[i][j] == 'W') {
                dfs(i, j);
                ans++;
            }
        }
    cout << ans << endl;
    return 0;
}


你可能感兴趣的:(【递归】【DSF】POJ No.2386 Lake Counting)