We are given the head node root
of a binary tree, where additionally every node's value is either a 0 or a 1.
Return the same tree where every subtree (of the given tree) not containing a 1 has been removed.
(Recall that the subtree of a node X is X, plus every node that is a descendant of X.)
Example 1: Input: [1,null,0,0,1] Output: [1,null,0,null,1] Explanation: Only the red nodes satisfy the property "every subtree not containing a 1". The diagram on the right represents the answer.
Example 2: Input: [1,0,1,0,0,0,1] Output: [1,null,1,null,1]
Example 3: Input: [1,1,0,1,1,0,1,0] Output: [1,1,0,1,1,null,1]
Note:
- The binary tree will have at most
100 nodes
. - The value of each node will only be
0
or1
.
这道题给了我们一棵二叉树,说是结点只有0或者1,让我们移除所有没有含有结点1的子树。题目中也给了一些图例,不难理解。这道题的难点就在于怎么看待没有结点1的子树,我们知道子树也是由一个个结点组成的,需要明确的是一个单独的叶结点也可算作是子树,所以值为0的叶结点一定要移除,就像上面的例子1和3中的几个叶结点要被移除一样。对于例子2来说,如果移除了第三行的3个叶结点后,那么第二行的那个值为0的结点也变成了叶结点,继续移除即可,所以与其找值全为0的子树,我们可以不断的移除值为0的叶结点,全都移除后那么值全为0的子树也就都被移除了。
好,想通了这一点后,我们看如何来实现。对于玩二叉树的题,十有八九都是用递归,所以我们应该首先就考虑递归的解法,然后再想按什么顺序来遍历二叉树呢?层序,先序,中序,还是后序?根据这道题的特点,我们要从末尾来一层一层的移除值为0的叶结点,所以天然时候用后序遍历。那么想到这里,解题思路跃然纸上了吧,我们首先对结点判空,如果不存在,直接返回空。然后分别对左右子结点调用递归函数,此时判断,如果当前结点是值为1的叶结点,那么移除该结点,即返回空,否则返回原结点即可,参见代码如下:
class Solution { public: TreeNode* pruneTree(TreeNode* root) { if (!root) return NULL; root->left = pruneTree(root->left); root->right = pruneTree(root->right); return (!root->left && !root->right && root->val == 0) ? NULL : root; } };
参考资料:
https://leetcode.com/problems/binary-tree-pruning/
https://leetcode.com/problems/binary-tree-pruning/discuss/122730/C++JavaPython-Self-Explaining-Solution-and-2-lines
LeetCode All in One 题目讲解汇总(持续更新中...)