1.Materials
This is the VOA Special English Health Report.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, or CPR, can save the life of someone whose heart has stopped. The condition is called cardiac arrest. The heart stops pumping blood. The person stops breathing. Without lifesaving measures, the brain starts to die within four to six minutes.
CPR combines breathing into the victim's mouth and repeated presses on the chest. CPR keeps blood and oxygen flowing to the heart and brain.
However, a new Japanese study questions the usefulness of mouth-to-mouth breathing.
The study was published in the British medical magazine, The Lancet. Doctors in Tokyo led the research. It examined more than four thousand people who had suffered cardiac arrest. In all the cases, witnesses saw the event happen.
More than one thousand of the victims received some kind of medical assistance from witnesses. Seven hundred and twelve received CPR. Four hundred and thirty-nine received chest presses only. No mouth-to-mouth rescue breaths were given to them.
The researchers say any kind of CPR improved chances of the patient's survival. But, they said those people treated with only chest presses suffered less brain damage.
Twenty-two percent survived with good brain ability. Only ten percent of the victims treated with traditional CPR survived with good brain ability.
The American Heart Association changed its guidelines for CPR chest presses in two thousand five. It said people should increase the number of chest presses from fifteen to thirty for every two breaths given.
Gordon Ewy is a heart doctor at the University of Arizona College of Medicine in Tucson. He wrote a report that appeared with the study. Doctor Ewy thinks the CPR guidelines should be changed again. He said the heart association should remove rescue breaths from the guidelines.
He argues that more witnesses to cardiac arrests would provide treatment if rescue breaths are not a part of CPR. He says this would save lives. Studies show that many people do not want to perform mouth-to-mouth breathing on a stranger for fear of getting a disease.
Cardiac arrest kills more than three hundred thousand people in the United States every year. The American Heart Association says about ninety-five percent of victims die before they get to a medical center.
And that's the VOA Special English Health Report, written by Caty Weaver. I’m Bob Doughty.
2.Facts
ðɪs ɪz ðə vi-oʊ-eɪ ˈspɛʃəl ˈɪŋglɪʃ hɛlθ rɪˈpɔrt.
ˌkɑrdioʊˈpʊlməˌnɛri rɪˌsʌsɪˈteɪʃən, ɔr si-pi-ɑr, kæn seɪv ðə laɪf ʌv ˈsʌmˌwʌn huz hɑrt hæz stɑpt. ðə kənˈdɪʃən ɪz kɔld ˈkɑrdiˌæk əˈrɛst. ðə hɑrt stɑps ˈpʌmpɪŋ blʌd. ði ˈpɜrsən stɑps ˈbriðɪŋ. wɪˈθaʊt ˈlaɪfˌseɪvɪŋ ˈmɛʒərz, ðə breɪn stɑrts tu daɪ wɪˈðɪn fɔr tu sɪks ˈmɪnəts.
si-pi-ɑr kips blʌd ænd ˈɑksəʤən ˈfloʊɪŋ tu ðə hɑrt ænd breɪn.
ˌhaʊˈɛvər, ə nu ˌʤæpəˈniz ˈstʌdi ˈkwɛsʧənzðə ˈjusfəlnəs ʌv maʊθ-tu-maʊθ ˈbriðɪŋ.
ðə ˈstʌdi wʌz ˈpʌblɪʃt ɪn ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈmɛdəkəl ˈmægəˌzin, ðə ˈlænsət. ˈdɑktərz ɪn ˈtoʊkiˌoʊ lɛd ðə riˈsɜrʧ. ɪt ɪgˈzæmənd mɔr ðæn fɔrˈθaʊzənd ˈpipəl hu hæd ˈsʌfərd ˈkɑrdiˌæk əˈrɛst. ɪn ɔl ðə ˈkeɪsəz, ˈwɪtnəsəz sɔ ði ɪˈvɛnt ˈhæpən.
mɔr ðæn wʌn ˈθaʊzənd ʌv ðə ˈvɪktəmz rəˈsivd sʌm kaɪnd ʌv ˈmɛdəkəl əˈsɪstəns frʌm ˈwɪtnəsəz. ˈsɛvən ˈhʌndrəd ænd twɛlv rəˈsivd si-pi-ɑr. fɔr ˈhʌndrəd ænd ˈθɜrdi-naɪn rəˈsivd ʧɛst ˈprɛsəz ˈoʊnli. noʊ maʊθ-tu-maʊθ ˈrɛskju brɛθs wɜr ˈgɪvən tu ðɛm.
ðə ˈrisərʧərz seɪ ˈɛni kaɪnd ʌv si-pi-ɑr ɪmˈpruvd ˈʧænsəz ʌv ðə ˈpeɪʃənts sərˈvaɪvəl. bʌt,ðeɪ sɛd ðoʊz ˈpipəl ˈtritəd wɪð ˈoʊnli ʧɛst ˈprɛsəz ˈsʌfərd lɛs breɪn ˈdæməʤ.
ˈtwɛnti-tupərˈsɛnt sərˈvaɪvdwɪðgʊdbreɪn əˈbɪləti. ˈoʊnli tɛn pərˈsɛntʌv ðəˈvɪktəmz ˈtritədwɪðtrəˈdɪʃənəl si-pi-ɑr sərˈvaɪvdwɪðgʊdbreɪn əˈbɪləti.
ðiəˈmɛrəkənhɑrtəˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃənʧeɪnʤd ɪts ˈgaɪˌdlaɪnz fɔr si-pi-ɑrʧɛstˈprɛsəzɪn tu ˈθaʊzənd faɪv. ɪt sɛd ˈpipəl ʃʊdˈɪnˌkrisðə ˈnʌmbər ʌv ʧɛstˈprɛsəzfrʌmfɪfˈtin tuˈθɜrdifɔrˈɛvəritu brɛθsˈgɪvən.
ˈgɔrdən ˈjui ɪz ə hɑrtˈdɑktəræt ðə ˌjunəˈvɜrsəti ʌv ˌɛrɪˈzoʊnə ˈkɑlɪʤʌv ˈmɛdəsən ɪn ˈtuˌsɑn.hi roʊt ə rɪˈpɔrt ðæt əˈpɪrdwɪððə ˈstʌdi. ˈdɑktərˈjui θɪŋks ðə si-pi-ɑr ˈgaɪˌdlaɪnz ʃʊd bi ʧeɪnʤdəˈgɛn. hi sɛd ðəhɑrtəˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃənʃʊd riˈmuv ˈrɛskju brɛθs frʌmðə ˈgaɪˌdlaɪnz.
hi ˈɑrgjuz ðæt mɔrˈwɪtnəsəztu ˈkɑrdiˌækəˈrɛsts wʊd prəˈvaɪd ˈtritmənt ɪf ˈrɛskju brɛθs ɑr nɑt ə pɑrt ʌv si-pi-ɑr. hisɛzðɪs wʊd seɪvlɪvz. ˈstʌdiz ʃoʊ ðæt ˈmɛni ˈpipəldunɑtwɑnttu pərˈfɔrmmaʊθ-tu-maʊθˈbriðɪŋɑnə ˈstreɪnʤər fɔr fɪr ʌv ˈgɛtɪŋə dɪˈziz.
ˈkɑrdiˌæk əˈrɛst kɪlz mɔr ðæn θriˈhʌndrədˈθaʊzənd ˈpipəl ɪn ðəjuˈnaɪtədsteɪts ˈɛvərijɪr. ðiəˈmɛrəkənhɑrtəˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃənsɛzəˈbaʊt ˈnaɪnti-faɪv pərˈsɛnt ʌvˈvɪktəmz daɪbɪˈfɔrðeɪgɛttu əˈmɛdəkəlˈsɛntər.
ænd ðæts ðə vi-oʊ-eɪ ˈspɛʃəlˈɪŋglɪʃhɛlθrɪˈpɔrt, ˈrɪtən baɪ keitiˈwivər. aɪmbɑb ˈdɔti.
3.Comments
今日是自习，估计是为了照顾考研的同学。依照要求，我把问卷填了，背诵了前5段，把每个字的音标从给到的网站上搜了出来。仔细对着音标读了几遍，觉得它们认识我我虽然算是基本上还认识它们吧，不过发音时嘴型和舌头的位置等估计大都都是不对的。因为初中打基础时应付差事，管它应该往哪儿放，觉得差不多就行了，然后结果就是，开不了口…
记得前期学员讲到S会每个音逐一地讲一遍，会非常仔细，这也是我进群的主要原因之一，非常期待。
4.Hours
1.5小时