CountDownLatch和CyclicBarrier用法及例子
1.都是用来实现其他任务都完成后，然后再执行一个任务的需求，类似赛跑比赛，需要等所有运动员到达终点后，才能开始下一步颁奖。
2.CountDownLatch是一次性的，不能重复使用；CyclicBarrier是可重复的；
3.CountDownLatch使用时，在每个需要等待的地方调用await,在每个触发条件的地方调用countDown即可，countDown次数达到指定次数，会唤醒所有await；
4.CyclicBarrier使用时，在每个需要等待的地方调用await，然后内部会自动统计await次数，到达指定次数后，自动回调，完成回调后，唤醒所有await。
例子1，每个任务计算一个值，都完成计算后进行下一步计算。Test2模拟了普通的计算任务，都完成后，会从latch.await()那个地方继续执行：
public class Main {
private static final int N = 5;
public static final void main(String[] args) {
testCountDownLatch();
}
private static void testCountDownLatch() {
CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(N);
Test2[] tt = new Test2[N];
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
tt[i] = new Test2(latch);
new Thread(tt[i]).start();
}
System.out.println("Main is Wait.");
try {
latch.await();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
int total = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
total += tt[i].ret;
}
System.out.println("Main is Wait Over!" + total);
}
}
public class Test2 implements Runnable {
private CountDownLatch latch;
public Test2(CountDownLatch latch) {
this.latch = latch;
}
public int ret = 0;
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println("Thread-" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " is Running");
try {
Thread.sleep(3000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
ret = 1;
System.out.println("Thread-" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " is finish Task!");
latch.countDown();
}
}
输出结果：
Thread-Thread-1 is Running
Thread-Thread-2 is Running
Thread-Thread-3 is Running
Main is Wait.
Thread-Thread-4 is Running
Thread-Thread-0 is Running
Thread-Thread-2 is finish Task!
Thread-Thread-4 is finish Task!
Thread-Thread-3 is finish Task!
Thread-Thread-1 is finish Task!
Thread-Thread-0 is finish Task!
Main is Wait Over!5
例子2，用CountDownLatch实现的一个运动员比赛的程序:
public class Main {
// 运动员数量
private static final int N = 5;
public static final void main(String[] args) {
testCountDownLatch2();
}
private static void testCountDownLatch2() {
// 运动员准备好的信号
CountDownLatch latchStart = new CountDownLatch(N);
// 运动员都完成比赛的信号
CountDownLatch latchOver = new CountDownLatch(N);
// 正式开始比赛的信号
CountDownLatch startSignal = new CountDownLatch(1);
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
new Thread(new Player(i, latchStart, latchOver, startSignal)).start();
}
System.out.println("等待运动员都准备好");
try {
// 等待运动员都准备好
latchStart.await();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("开始比赛");
// 开始比赛信号
startSignal.countDown();
try {
// 等待所有运动员完成比赛
latchOver.await();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("所有运动员都完成了比赛，比赛结束");
}
}
public class Player implements Runnable {
private CountDownLatch latchStart;
private CountDownLatch latchOver;
private CountDownLatch startSignal;
private int id;
private static Random sRandom = new Random();
public Player(int id, CountDownLatch latchStart, CountDownLatch latchOver, CountDownLatch startSignal) {
this.id = id;
this.latchStart = latchStart;
this.latchOver = latchOver;
this.startSignal = startSignal;
}
@Override
public void run() {
// 模拟准备时间
try {
Thread.sleep(sRandom.nextInt(2000));
} catch (InterruptedException e2) {
e2.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("Player" + id + "准备好" + System.currentTimeMillis());
// 运动员准备好
this.latchStart.countDown();
try {
// 等待裁判说开始
this.startSignal.await();
} catch (InterruptedException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("Player" + id + " 开始跑" + System.currentTimeMillis());
long duration = sRandom.nextInt(5000);
try {
// 模拟跑的时间
Thread.sleep(duration);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("Player" + id + " 完成比赛，耗时：" + duration);
// 运动员完成比赛
this.latchOver.countDown();
}
}
输出结果：
等待运动员都准备好
Player0准备好1508221461341
Player2准备好1508221461832
Player3准备好1508221462335
Player4准备好1508221462369
Player1准备好1508221463031
开始比赛
Player0 开始跑1508221463032
Player4 开始跑1508221463032
Player3 开始跑1508221463032
Player2 开始跑1508221463032
Player1 开始跑1508221463032
Player1 完成比赛，耗时：1202
Player2 完成比赛，耗时：1939
Player0 完成比赛，耗时：1947
Player4 完成比赛，耗时：2878
Player3 完成比赛，耗时：3974
所有运动员都完成了比赛，比赛结束
例子3，用CyclicBarrier实现例子1：
public class Main {
private static final int N = 5;
public static final void main(String[] args) {
testCyclicBarrier();
}
private static void testCyclicBarrier() {
Test3[] tt = new Test3[N];
CyclicBarrier barrier = new CyclicBarrier(N, new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// await达到指定次数，随机选一个线程来执行这个任务
System.out.println("Barrier All Task Finished,CurrentThread=" + Thread.currentThread().getName());
int total = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
total += tt[i].ret;
}
System.out.println("计算结果是：" + total);
}
});
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
tt[i] = new Test3(barrier);
new Thread(tt[i]).start();
}
}
}
public class Test3 implements Runnable {
private CyclicBarrier barrier;
public Test3(CyclicBarrier barrier) {
this.barrier = barrier;
}
public int ret = 0;
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println("Thread-" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " is Running");
try {
Thread.sleep(3000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
ret = 1;
System.out.println("Thread-" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " is finish Task!");
try {
this.barrier.await();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("Thread-" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " exit!");
}
}
输出结果：
Thread-Thread-1 is Running
Thread-Thread-0 is Running
Thread-Thread-3 is Running
Thread-Thread-4 is Running
Thread-Thread-2 is Running
Thread-Thread-3 is finish Task!
Thread-Thread-2 is finish Task!
Thread-Thread-1 is finish Task!
Thread-Thread-0 is finish Task!
Thread-Thread-4 is finish Task!
Barrier All Task Finished,CurrentThread=Thread-4
计算结果是：5
Thread-Thread-4 exit!
Thread-Thread-3 exit!
Thread-Thread-0 exit!
Thread-Thread-1 exit!
Thread-Thread-2 exit!
例子4，用CyclicBarrier实现例子2:
public class Main {
private static final int N = 5;
public static final void main(String[] args) {
testCyclicBarrier2();
}
private static void testCyclicBarrier2() {
CyclicBarrier barrierPrepare = new CyclicBarrier(N, new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// 准备完成
System.out.println("所有运动员准备完毕，开始比赛");
}
});
CyclicBarrier barrierOver = new CyclicBarrier(N, new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// 比赛完成
System.out.println("所有运动员比赛都完成了，结束比赛");
}
});
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
new Thread(new Player2(i, barrierPrepare, barrierOver)).start();
}
}
}
public class Player2 implements Runnable {
private CyclicBarrier barrierPrepared;
private CyclicBarrier barrierOver;
private int id;
private static Random sRandom = new Random();
public Player2(int id, CyclicBarrier barrierPrepared, CyclicBarrier barrierOver) {
this.barrierPrepared = barrierPrepared;
this.barrierOver = barrierOver;
this.id = id;
}
public void run() {
try {
// 模拟准备比赛
Thread.sleep(sRandom.nextInt(3000));
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("运动员" + id + "准备比赛");
try {
// 等待开始
barrierPrepared.await();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("运动员" + id + "开始比赛" + System.currentTimeMillis());
int duration = sRandom.nextInt(5000);
try {
// 模拟比赛耗时
Thread.sleep(duration);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("运动员" + id + "完成比赛，比赛时长：" + duration);
try {
// 等待比赛结束
barrierOver.await();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
输出结果：
运动员2准备比赛
运动员0准备比赛
运动员1准备比赛
运动员4准备比赛
运动员3准备比赛
所有运动员准备完毕，开始比赛
运动员3开始比赛1508222334484
运动员2开始比赛1508222334484
运动员1开始比赛1508222334484
运动员0开始比赛1508222334484
运动员4开始比赛1508222334484
运动员4完成比赛，比赛时长：777
运动员0完成比赛，比赛时长：2640
运动员1完成比赛，比赛时长：2952
运动员3完成比赛，比赛时长：3843
运动员2完成比赛，比赛时长：3924
所有运动员比赛都完成了，结束比赛