系统环境：
安装邮件服务器，postfix+squirrelmail+rhat 5.4下测试，本实验目的是，在服务器与客户端之间相互收发邮件和转发邮件；
| 系 统 |
域 名 |
服务器 |
客户端 |
| RedHat 5.4 |
mail.163.com |
172.16.1.253 |
172.16.1.10 |
所需安装包：
bind (DNS)
postfix（邮件服务器）
Dovecot（POP/IMAP协议，用于接受邮件）
Saslauthd（安全认证包）
Squirrelmail（基于web的邮件客户端）
1、配置IP
2、配置主机名：mail.163.com
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network
HOSTNAME=mail.163.com
:wq 保存
[root@localhost ~]# hostname mail.163.com
断开终端，再次连接，这样就需要重新启动系统：ctrl+d
[root@mail ~]#
3、配置DNS文件
[root@mail ~]# vim /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 172.16.1.253
4、配置hosts文件
[root@mail ~]# vim /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 mail.163.com
5、配置YUM
参照：
http://yanghuawu.blog.51cto.com/2638960/886129
6、安装DNS(bind)
[root@mail ~]# cd /mnt/Server/
[root@mail Server]# rpm -ivh bind-9.3.6-4.P1.el5.i386.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:bind ########################################### [100%]
[root@mail Server]# rpm -ivh bind-chroot-9.3.6-4.P1.el5.i386.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:bind-chroot ########################################### [100%]
[root@mail Server]# rpm -ivh caching-nameserver-9.3.6-4.P1.el5.i386.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:caching-nameserver ########################################### [100%]
[root@mail Server]# cd /var/named/chroot/etc/
[root@mail etc]# ll
total 32
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 405 Dec 18 05:13 localtime
-rw-r----- 1 root named 1230 Jul 30 2009 named.caching-nameserver.conf
-rw-r----- 1 root named 955 Jul 30 2009 named.rfc1912.zones
-rw-r----- 1 root named 113 Dec 18 05:48 rndc.key
[root@mail etc]# cp -p named.caching-nameserver.conf named.conf
[root@mail etc]# vim named.conf
修改：
15 listen-on port 53 { any; };
27 allow-query { any; };
28 allow-query-cache { any; };
37 match-clients { any; };
38 match-destinations { any; };
：wq
[root@mail etc]# vim named.rfc1912.zones
27 zone "163.com" IN {
28 type master;
29 file "163.com.zone";
30 allow-update { none; };
31 };
:wq
[root@mail etc]# cd ../var/named/
[root@mail named]# pwd
/var/named/chroot/var/named
[root@mail named]# cp -p localhost.zone 163.com.zone
[root@mail named]# vim 163.com.zone
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA ns.163.com. root (
42 ; serial (d. adams)
3H ; refresh
15M ; retry
1W ; expiry
1D ) ; minimum
IN NS ns.163.com.
ns IN A 172.16.1.253
mail IN A 172.16.1.253
pop3 IN CNAME mail
smtp IN CNAME mail
@ IN MX 10 mail
:wq
[root@mail named]# service named start
Starting named: [ OK ]
[root@mail named]# service named restart
Stopping named: [ OK ]
Starting named: [ OK ]
[root@mail named]#
[root@mail named]# rndc reload
server reload successful
[root@mail named]# dig -t mx 163.com
; <<>> DiG 9.3.6-P1-RedHat-9.3.6-4.P1.el5 <<>> -t mx 163.com
;; global options: printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 10922
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 2
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;163.com. IN MX
;; ANSWER SECTION:
163.com. 86400 IN MX 10 mail.163.com.
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
163.com. 86400 IN NS ns.163.com.
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
mail.163.com. 86400 IN A 172.16.1.253
ns.163.com. 86400 IN A 172.16.1.253
;; Query time: 5 msec
;; SERVER: 172.16.1.253#53(172.16.1.253)
;; WHEN: Tue Dec 18 06:12:41 2012
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 95
[root@mail named]# chkconfig named on
确认sendmail是否已关闭,并不随机启动或者卸载
[root@mail named]# service sendmail status
sendmail (pid 2754) is running...
[root@mail named]# service sendmail stop
Shutting down sm-client: [ OK ]
Shutting down sendmail: [ OK ]
[root@mail named]# chkconfig sendmail off
[root@mail named]#
7、安装postfix
[root@mail named]# cd /mnt/Server/
[root@mail Server]# ll postfix*
-r--r--r-- 278 root root 3734257 Aug 14 2008 postfix-2.3.3-2.1.el5_2.i386.rpm
-r--r--r-- 278 root root 51012 Aug 14 2008 postfix-pflogsumm-2.3.3-2.1.el5_2.i386.rpm
[root@mail Server]# rpm -ivh postfix-2.3.3-2.1.el5_2.i386.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:postfix ########################################### [100%]
[root@mail Server]# vim /etc/postfix/main.cf
69 #myhostname = host.domain.tld
修改
69 myhostname = mail.163.com #本机名
77 #mydomain = domain.tld
修改：
77 mydomain = 163.com #域名
93 #myorigin = $mydomain
修改为
93 myorigin = $mydomain
107 #inet_interfaces = all
修改为
107 inet_interfaces = all
110 inet_interfaces = localhost
修改为
110 #inet_interfaces = localhost
155 mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost
修改为
155 #mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost
156 #mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost, $mydomain
修改为
156 mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost, $mydomain
255 #mynetworks = 168.100.189.0/28, 127.0.0.0/8
修改为
255 mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 #提供邮件转发功能的网段
在255 mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8上面添加如下：#使用SMTP认证
broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
smtpd_sasl_application_name = smtpd
smtpd_client_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
#smtpd_clietn_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks,permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_unauth_destination
262 mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8
:wq
[root@mail Server]# service saslauthd start
Starting saslauthd: [ OK ]
[root@mail Server]# chkconfig saslauthd on
[root@mail Server]# service postfix start
Starting postfix: [ OK ]
[root@mail Server]# service postfix restart
Shutting down postfix: [ OK ]
Starting postfix: [ OK ]
[root@mail Server]# netstat -tupln |less
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 4235/master
8、创建用户
[root@mail Server]# useradd user1
[root@mail Server]# useradd user2
[root@mail Server]# useradd user3
[root@mail Server]# passwd user1
Changing password for user user1.
New UNIX password:
BAD PASSWORD: it does not contain enough DIFFERENT characters
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@mail Server]# passwd user2
Changing password for user user2.
New UNIX password:
BAD PASSWORD: it does not contain enough DIFFERENT characters
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@mail Server]# passwd user3
Changing password for user user3.
New UNIX password:
BAD PASSWORD: it does not contain enough DIFFERENT characters
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
9、安装squirrelmail（图形化邮件客户端）
[root@mail Server]# yum install squirrelmail
[root@mail Server]# service httpd restart
Stopping httpd: [ OK ]
Starting httpd: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using mail.163.com for ServerName
[ OK ]
[root@mail Server]# chkconfig httpd on
[root@mail Server]# rpm -ql squirrelmail
[root@mail Server]# cd /var/www/html/
[root@mail html]# ln -s /usr/share/squirrelmail/ mail
[root@mail html]# ll
total 4
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 24 Dec 18 06:46 mail -> /usr/share/squirrelmail/
[root@mail html]# cd mail/
[root@mail mail]# ll
total 88
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Dec 18 06:42 class
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 18 06:42 config
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Dec 18 06:42 functions
drwxr-xr-x 30 root root 4096 Dec 18 06:42 help
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 18 06:42 p_w_picpaths
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Dec 18 06:42 include
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 684 May 21 2009 index.php
drwxr-xr-x 47 root root 4096 Dec 18 06:42 locale
drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 4096 Dec 18 06:42 plugins
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 18 06:42 src
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Dec 18 06:42 themes
[root@mail mail]# cd config/
[root@mail config]# ll
total 204
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 29548 May 21 2009 config_default.php
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 45 Dec 18 06:42 config_local.php -> ../../../../etc/squirrelmail/config_local.php
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 39 Dec 18 06:42 config.php -> ../../../../etc/squirrelmail/config.php
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 145648 May 21 2009 conf.pl
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 492 May 21 2009 index.php
打开squirrelmail配置工具
[root@mail config]# ./conf.pl 或[root@mail ~]# /usr/share/squirrelmail/config/conf.pl
SquirrelMail Configuration : Read: config.php (1.4.0)
---------------------------------------------------------
Main Menu --
1. Organization Preferences
2. Server Settings
3. Folder Defaults
4. General Options
5. Themes
6. Address Books
7. Message of the Day (MOTD)
8. Plugins
9. Database
10. Languages
D. Set pre-defined settings for specific IMAP servers
C Turn color off
S Save data
Q Quit
Command >> 10
输入d，然后输入cyrus（指定IMAP服务器类型）
输入2. 选择Server Settings然后输入1修改Domain为mail.163.com
3修改Sendmail or SMTP为选2--SMTP
输入4. 选择General Options然后输入5修改Usernames in Lowercase :为 true
输入10 选择Languages然后输入1修改Default Language :为 zh_CN
2修改Default charset :为 GB2312
R返回上一层
最后输入s保存以上修改，再输入q退出(修改的文件同时保存)
[root@mail config]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
747 AddDefaultCharset UTF-8
修改为：
747 #AddDefaultCharset UTF-8
:wq
[root@mail config]# service httpd restart
10、网页访问：http://172.16.1.253/mail
用户登陆报错
系统出错
连接IMAP服务器出现错误：localhost。
111 : 鎷掔粷杩炴帴
解决方法
[root@mail config]# yum install dovecot #用于接受邮件
[root@mail config]# service dovecot restart
重新登录：OK
发邮件报错
系统出错:
Transaction failed
Server replied: 554 5.7.1
解决方法：
[root@mail config]# vim /etc/postfix/main.cf
smtpd_client_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
修改为
#smtpd_client_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
:wq
[root@mail config]# service postfix restart
11、查看收发邮件日志
[root@mail config]# tail -f /var/log/maillog
收发邮件成功！