Cairngorm中各层的含义与关系参见《Cairngorm框架——MVC基本理论》,这里探讨一下View层的交互问题。
根据Cairngorm的原理,View层中的数据通过绑定ModelLocator中的属性实现自动更新,但有时我们想要的效果不仅仅是数据自动更新这么简单,而且有可能会对View层界面进行操作,譬如切换状态、弹出提示窗口、弹出选择界面等,这些操作如果放在Command中处理的话,使Controller层与View层耦合了,不利于MVC松散耦合的概念。
举个简单例子
Flex程序由两个界面组成:登陆界面和主界面,在Application中分别定义为login和main状态,默认为login状态。当login成功后,切换为main状态。
按照Cairngorm的用户登陆Command如下:
import com.adobe.cairngorm.commands.ICommand; import com.adobe.cairngorm.control.CairngormEvent; import mx.controls.Alert; import mx.core.FlexGlobals; import mx.rpc.IResponder; import spark.components.Application; public class UserLoginCommand implements ICommand, IResponder { public function execute(event:CairngormEvent):void { var e:UserLoginEvent = event as UserLoginEvent; var delegate:SystemDelegate = new SystemDelegate(this); delegate.userLogin(e.userName, e.password); } public function result(data:Object):void { var app:Application = (FlexGlobals.topLevelApplication) as Application; app.currentState = "main"; } public function fault(info:Object):void { Alert.show(info.toString()); } }
这里,Command的代码中牵涉到Application的CurrentState了,且还有Alert.show方法,这些应该都是View层做的事情。为了达到松散耦合的墓地,我们定义一用户登陆完成事件,在Command中执行完后派发,在View层中监听该事件并处理。
定义用户登陆完成事件UserLoginCompleteEvent
import com.adobe.cairngorm.control.CairngormEvent; public class UserLoginCompleteEvent extends CairngormEvent { static public const EVENT_ID:String = "userLoginComplete"; public var success:Boolean = false; public function UserLoginCompleteEvent() { super(EVENT_ID); } }
Command代码修改为响应时向外派发UserLoginCompleteEvent事件
import com.adobe.cairngorm.commands.ICommand; import com.adobe.cairngorm.control.CairngormEvent; import com.adobe.cairngorm.control.CairngormEventDispatcher; import mx.rpc.IResponder; public class UserLoginCommand implements ICommand, IResponder { public function execute(event:CairngormEvent):void { var e:UserLoginEvent = event as UserLoginEvent; var delegate:SystemDelegate = new SystemDelegate(this); delegate.userLogin(e.userName, e.password); } public function result(data:Object):void { complete(true, null); } public function fault(info:Object):void { complete(false, info); } private function complete(success:Boolean, data:Object):void { var e:UserLoginCompleteEvent = new UserLoginCompleteEvent(); e.success = success; e.data = data; CairngormEventDispatcher.getInstance().dispatchEvent(e); } }
Application的creationComplete事件中监听UserLoginCompleteEvent事件
protected function creationCompleteHandler(event:FlexEvent):void { CairngormEventDispatcher.getInstance().addEventListener(UserLoginCompleteEvent.EVENT_ID, userLoginCompleteHandler); } private function userLoginCompleteHandler(e:UserLoginCompleteEvent):void { if (e.success) currentState = "desktop"; else Alert.show(e.data.toString()); }
值得注意的是,UserLoginCompleteEvent不需要在FrontController中注册,而且需要View层互动时才需要使用对应逻辑的CompleteEvent,其他互动用Cairngorm提倡的Bindable Model Locator解决。
虽然Cairngorm的代码量不少,但我个人觉得分层还是很明确的,特别是团队开发时只需要专注自己关心的部分就可以了。