RIP发布默认路由总结

RIP发布默认路由总结_第1张图片

看卷一的路由重分配,对rip默认路由认识不够,在网上找到好文一篇,共享

在一个单出口网络内启用RIP协议,在网络出口处的路由器需要向RIP域内传播一条默认路由,这样,域内的路由器就可以通过默认路由访问外部网络。下面我们就用试验来模拟这个环境。到目前为止;通过RIP传递默认路由共有5种方法。
1 default-information
2
 
手工写一条默认路由(到NULL0 然后重分布到RIP\\下一条不一定为null0
3
 手工写一条默认路由(到NULL0 在进程中宣告   \\下一条一定要null0,否则不行
4 ip default-network          
\\
要主类网络,这个主类网络要直连(比如loopback接口地址),不一定要宣告进RIP
5 在接口汇总 0.0.0.0/0 NULL0的路由
***************************************************************************************************************
 路由器基本配置
R1

interface Loopback0
ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
interface Serial1/0
ip address 12.0.0.1 255.255.255.0

router rip
version 2
network 1.0.0.0
network 12.0.0.0
no auto-summary
------------------
R2
interface Serial1/0
ip address 12.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
interface Serial1/1
ip address 23.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
router rip
version 2
network 2.0.0.0
network 12.0.0.0
no auto-summary
------------------
R3
interface Serial1/0
ip address 23.0.0.3 255.255.255.0
**************************************************************************************************************

方法1 default-information
r2#sh run | b r r
router rip
version 2
network 2.0.0.0
network 12.0.0.0
default-information originate
no auto-summary
r1#sh ip rou

 1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 12.0.0.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0
R* 0.0.0.0/0 [120/1] via 12.0.0.2, 00:00:09, Serial1/0 /
可以看到这时在R1上产生了一条默认路由
r1#ping 23.0.0.2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 23.0.0.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 28/41/68 ms
----------------------------------------
此外,在default-information originate可以调用一个route-map来匹配一个接口或路由,当这个路由有效的时候才会传递默认路由。
首先我们在R2上建立一个loopback接口,并将它宣告到RIP中,然后用ACL来匹配这个接口,建立route-map调用这个ACL,最后在default-informationoriginate
命令后调用这个route-map
R2
access-list 1 permit 2.2.2.2

route-map WY permit 10
match ip address 1

r2#sh run | b r r
router rip
version 2
network 2.0.0.0
network 12.0.0.0
default-information originate route-map WY
no auto-summary
r1#sh ip rou
 1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
 2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 2.2.2.2 [120/1] via 12.0.0.2, 00:00:02, Serial1/0
 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 12.0.0.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0
R* 0.0.0.0/0 [120/1] via 12.0.0.2, 00:00:02, Serial1/0 /
这时R2R1传递了一条默认路由
r2(config)#int lo0
r2(config-if)#shutdown /
这时我们将loopback接口关闭
r1#sh ip rou
 1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 12.0.0.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0
这时,R2不向R1传递默认路由,因为loopback接口关闭,ACL失效,route-map失效,所以default-information originate命令不执行
-----------------------------------------
下面我们在R2,R3之间启用EIGRP,在R3上起一个loopback接口,并宣告到EIGRP中,这时R2可以学习到3.3.3.0,在R2上建立ACL匹配从R3学习到的这条路由,随后建立route-map并调用ACL,同样最后在R2RIP进程中的default-informationoriginate命令后面调用这个route-map
r2#sh run | b r e
router eigrp 90
network 23.0.0.0 0.0.0.255
no auto-summary

r3#sh run | b r e
router eigrp 90
network 3.3.3.0 0.0.0.255
network 23.0.0.0 0.0.0.255
no auto-summary

r2#sh ip rou
 1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 1.1.1.0 [120/1] via 12.0.0.1, 00:00:05, Serial1/0
 2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 2.2.2.2 is directly connected, Loopback0
 3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 3.3.3.0 [90/2297856] via 23.0.0.3, 00:01:42, Serial1/1
 23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 23.0.0.0 is directly connected, Serial1/1
 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 12.0.0.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0


R2
access-list 1 permit 3.3.3.0 0.0.0.255

route-map WY permit 10
match ip address 1

R2
router rip
version 2
network 12.0.0.0
default-information originate
 route-map WY
no auto-summary

r1#sh ip rou
 1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 12.0.0.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0
R* 0.0.0.0/0 [120/1] via 12.0.0.2, 00:00:01, Serial1/0 /
这时R2R1传递一条默认路由
r3(config)#int lo0
r3(config-if)#shutdown /
R3上关闭这个loopback接口
r1#sh ip rou

 1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 12.0.0.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0 

R2
不再向R1传递默认路由,同样因为loopback接口失效,导致 default-information originate命令不执行
-----------------------------------------
方法手工写一条默认路由(到NULL0)然后重分布到RIP
r2(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 null 0 /
R2上建立一条默认路由

r2(config-router)#redistribute static /
重分布静态路由到RIP
r1#sh ip rou
 1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 12.0.0.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0
R* 0.0.0.0/0 [120/1] via 12.0.0.2, 00:00:02, Serial1/0 /
这时,R2R1传递一条默认路由
-----------------------------------------
方法手工写一条默认路由(到NULL0)在进程中宣告
 
r2(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 null 0

r2#sh run | b r r
router rip
version 2
network 12.0.0.0
network 0.0.0.0 /
将这条默认路由宣告到R2RIP进程中
no auto-summary

r1#sh ip rou
 1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 12.0.0.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0
R* 0.0.0.0/0 [120/1] via 12.0.0.2, 00:00:07, Serial1/0 /R2
R1传递默认路由
-----------------------------------------
方法ip default-network
r2(config)#ip default-network 23.0.0.0 /
建立一个缺省网络
r1#sh ip rou

 1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 12.0.0.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0
R* 0.0.0.0/0 [120/1] via 12.0.0.2, 00:00:09, Serial1/0 /R2
R1传递默认路由
-----------------------------------------
方法在接口汇总0.0.0.0/0 NULL0的路由

r2(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 null 0 /
先建立一条默认路由

r2#sh run int s1/0

interface Serial1/0
ip address 12.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
ip summary-address rip 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 /
在接口上手工汇总这条默认路由

r1#sh ip rou

 1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 12.0.0.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0
R* 0.0.0.0/0 [120/1] via 12.0.0.2, 00:00:09, Serial1/0 /R2
R1传递默认路由