发送邮件是网站的必备功能之一，用户注册验证、忘记密码或者发送营销信息。Spring Boot使用 spring-boot-starter-mail，让邮件发送的业务更加简洁和完善。
邮件相关协议内容如下：
- SMTP 协议：发送邮件协议；
- POP3 协议：获取邮件协议；
- IMAP：接收信息的高级协议；
- MIME：邮件拓展内容格式：信息格式，附件格式。
本人以qq邮箱为例。第一步肯定是要让qq邮箱 开通POP3 /SMTP 服务，因为我们项目中有用到，否则就会因没有授权而抛错。
授权页面01[图片上传中...(TIM截图20171206112905.png-255fe0-1512531023545-0)]
授权页面02
这其中会产生一个授权码，要记下来，下面要用。
好，接下来可以写代码了。
1.添加依赖
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-mail
2.配置application.yml文件
spring:
application:
name: mail
mail:
host: smtp.qq.com
username: [email protected]
password: you-password #开启 POP3 之后设置的客户端授权密码
default-encoding: UTF-8
properties:
mail:
smtp:
auth: true #这地方必须加，不然会授权失败，提示350错误
starttls:
enable: true
required: true
3.新建服务类
MailService .java
/**
* 发送邮件
*/
public interface MailService {
public void sendSimpleMail(String to, String subject, String content);
public void sendHtmlMail(String to, String subject, String content);
public void sendAttachmentsMail(String to, String subject, String content, String filePath);
public void sendInlineResourceMail(String to, String subject, String content, String rscPath, String rscId);
}
MailServiceImpl.java
import com.sqlb.service.MailService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.io.File;
@Component
@Slf4j
public class MailServiceImpl implements MailService {
@Autowired
private JavaMailSender mailSender;
@Value("${spring.mail.username}")
private String from;
@Override
public void sendSimpleMail(String to, String subject, String content) {
SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
message.setFrom(from);
message.setTo(to);
message.setSubject(subject);
message.setText(content);
try {
mailSender.send(message);
log.info("简单邮件已经发送。");
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("发送简单邮件时发生异常！", e);
}
}
@Override
public void sendHtmlMail(String to, String subject, String content) {
MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
try {
//true表示需要创建一个multipart message
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
helper.setFrom(from);
helper.setTo(to);
helper.setSubject(subject);
helper.setText(content, true);
mailSender.send(message);
log.info("html邮件发送成功");
} catch (MessagingException e) {
log.error("发送html邮件时发生异常！", e);
}
}
@Override
public void sendAttachmentsMail(String to, String subject, String content, String filePath) {
MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
try {
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
helper.setFrom(from);
helper.setTo(to);
helper.setSubject(subject);
helper.setText(content, true);
FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(new File(filePath));
String fileName = file.getFilename();
helper.addAttachment(fileName, file);
//helper.addAttachment("test"+fileName, file);
mailSender.send(message);
log.info("带附件的邮件已经发送。");
} catch (MessagingException e) {
log.error("发送带附件的邮件时发生异常！", e);
}
}
@Override
public void sendInlineResourceMail(String to, String subject, String content, String rscPath, String rscId) {
MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
try {
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
helper.setFrom(from);
helper.setTo(to);
helper.setSubject(subject);
helper.setText(content, true);
FileSystemResource res = new FileSystemResource(new File(rscPath));
helper.addInline(rscId, res);
mailSender.send(message);
log.info("嵌入静态资源的邮件已经发送。");
} catch (MessagingException e) {
log.error("发送嵌入静态资源的邮件时发生异常！", e);
}
}
}
4.接下来就是测试了
import com.sqlb.service.MailService;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import org.thymeleaf.TemplateEngine;
import org.thymeleaf.context.Context;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;
@SpringBootTest
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class MailServiceImplTest {
@Autowired
private MailService mailService;
@Autowired
private TemplateEngine templateEngine;
@Test
public void sendSimpleMail() throws Exception {
mailService.sendSimpleMail("receiver-email","这是一封简单邮件","大家好，这是我的第一封邮件！");
}
@Test
public void sendHtmlMail() throws Exception {
String content="\n" +
"\n" +
" hello world ! 这是一封html邮件!
\n" +
"\n" +
"";
mailService.sendHtmlMail("[email protected]","这是一封HTML邮件",content);
}
@Test
public void sendAttachmentsMail() throws Exception {
String filePath="e:\\temp\\fastdfs-client-java-5.0.0.jar";
mailService.sendAttachmentsMail("[email protected]", "主题：带附件的邮件", "有附件，请查收！", filePath);
}
@Test
public void sendInlineResourceMail() throws Exception {
String rscId = "neo006";
String content="这是有图片的邮件：![](\'cid:")
";
String imgPath = "e:\\temp\\weixin.jpg";
mailService.sendInlineResourceMail("[email protected]", "主题：这是有图片的邮件", content, imgPath, rscId);
}
@Test
public void sendTemplateMail() {
//创建邮件正文
Context context = new Context();
context.setVariable("id", "006");
String emailContent = templateEngine.process("emailTemplate", context);
mailService.sendHtmlMail("[email protected]","主题：这是模板邮件",emailContent);
}
}
ok 效果如下，大功告成！
