ORACLE手动建库

开始安装数据库：

1、确定sid

2、创建alertlog等目录

3、确定初始化文件

4、生成密码文件

5、生成spfile和改参数

5、根据在线文档，找出并修改create database语句

6、startup nomount后，开始create database

7、catalog和catproc

SID=orcl

数据库目标挂载点 /data/oracle

建立目录

mkdir -p /data/oracle/oradata/orcl/disk{1,2,3,4,5}

mkdir -p /data/oracle/admin/orcl/{b,c,u,a}dump

创建pfile

cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs

cat init.ora |grep -v ^# |grep -v ^$>initorcl.ora

vi initorcl.ora

修改里面的db_name和controlfile

删除其他内存参数:db_block_buffers、shared_pool_size,log_buffer = 3276

增加sga_max_size和sga_target均为300M

####################################################################

db_name=orcl

db_files = 80                                                         # SMALL  

db_file_multiblock_read_count = 8                                     # SMALL  

log_checkpoint_interval = 10000

processes = 50                                                        # SMALL  

parallel_max_servers = 5                                              # SMALL

db_files = 80                                                         # SMALL  

db_file_multiblock_read_count = 8                                     # SMALL  

log_checkpoint_interval = 10000

processes = 50                                                        # SMALL  

parallel_max_servers = 5                                              # SMALL

max_dump_file_size = 10240      # limit trace file size to 5 Meg each

control_files = (

/data/oracle/oradata/orcl/disk1/oraclctl_01.ctl,

/data/oracle/oradata/orcl/disk2/oraclctl_02.ctl,

/data/oracle/oradata/orcl/disk3/oraclctl_03.ctl,

/data/oracle/oradata/orcl/disk4/oraclctl_04.ctl,

/data/oracle/oradata/orcl/disk5/oraclctl_05.ctl

)

sga_target=300m

undo_tablespace=orcltbs

undo_management=auto

background_dump_dest='/data/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump'

core_dump_dest='/data/oracle/admin/orcl/cdump'

user_dump_dest='/data/oracle/admin/orcl/udump'

audit_file_dest='/data/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'

######################################################################

启动数据库到nomount状态

SQL> startup nomount;                                                                                    

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  314572800 bytes

Fixed Size    2020416 bytes

Variable Size   96472000 bytes

Database Buffers  209715200 bytes

Redo Buffers    6365184 bytes

####################################################################

查看日志

tail -f /data/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump/alert_orcl.log 

###################################################################

在dbs下生成密码文件

orapwd file=orapworcl password=oracle

###################################################################

建立spfile

SQL> create spfile from pfile;                                                                           

File created.

SQL> shutdown immediate;                                                                                 

ORA-01507: database not mounted

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup nomount;                                                                                    

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  314572800 bytes

Fixed Size    2020416 bytes

Variable Size   96472000 bytes

Database Buffers  209715200 bytes

Redo Buffers    6365184 bytes

SQL> show parameter spfile;                                                                              

NAME     TYPE VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

spfile     string /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0

/db_1/dbs/spfileorcl.ora

##########################################################################

建立脚本

vim db.sql 

CREATE DATABASE orcl

USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY oracle

USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY oracle

LOGFILE

GROUP 1 ('/data/oracle/oradata/orcl/disk1/redo1_1.rdo','/data/oracle/oradata/orcl/disk2/redo1_2.rdo') size 50m,

GROUP 2 ('/data/oracle/oradata/orcl/disk2/redo2_1.rdo','/data/oracle/oradata/orcl/disk3/redo2_2.rdo') size 50m,

GROUP 3 ('/data/oracle/oradata/orcl/disk3/redo3_1.rdo','/data/oracle/oradata/orcl/disk4/redo3_2.rdo') size 50m,

GROUP 4 ('/data/oracle/oradata/orcl/disk4/redo4_1.rdo','/data/oracle/oradata/orcl/disk5/redo4_2.rdo') size 50m,

GROUP 5 ('/data/oracle/oradata/orcl/disk5/redo5_1.rdo','/data/oracle/oradata/orcl/disk1/redo5_2.rdo') size 50m

CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8

NATIONAL CHARACTER SET UTF8

DATAFILE '/data/oracle/oradata/orcl/disk1/system01.dbf' size 300m autoextend on next 30m maxsize unlimited extent management local

SYSAUX DATAFILE '/data/oracle/oradata/orcl/disk2/sysaux01.dbf' size 300m autoextend on next 30m maxsize unlimited

UNDO TABLESPACE orcltbs datafile '/data/oracle/oradata/orcl/disk3/orcltbs01.dbf' size 100m

DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts1 TEMPFILE '/data/oracle/oradata/orcl/disk4/tempts1.dbf' size 100m

DEFAULT TABLESPACE tbs01 datafile '/data/oracle/oradata/orcl/disk5/tbs01.dbf' size 100m;

#################################################################################################

SQL> @db.sql

###### 监控alter.orcl.log日志

SQL> @db.sql                                                                                                                                         

Database created.

#################################################################################################

开始执行catalog和catproc

@?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql

@?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql

show user 

用户必须是system用户

 conn system/oracle

 show user

@?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld