1. 操作系统语言： 
    [oracle@ocp01 ~]$ echo $LANG
zh_CN.UTF-8
  2. 查询数据库语言： 
    SQL> select userenv('language') from dual;
USERENV('LANGUAGE')
SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.AL32UTF8

  3. 设置NLS_LANG

    [oracle@ocp01 ~]$ grep -i nls ~/.bash_profile 
NLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.AL32UTF8"
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID NLS_LANG PATH