一、pip工具：https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pip


快速入门：

1、安装包

$ pip install SomePackage
  [...]
  Successfully installed SomePackage

2、查看安装了哪些文件

$ pip show --files SomePackage
  Name: SomePackage
  Version: 1.0
  Location: /my/env/lib/pythonx.x/site-packages
  Files:
   ../somepackage/__init__.py
   [...]

3、显示哪些包已经过时：

$ pip list --outdated
  SomePackage (Current: 1.0 Latest: 2.0)

4、升级某个包：

$ pip install --upgrade SomePackage
  [...]
  Found existing installation: SomePackage 1.0
  Uninstalling SomePackage:
    Successfully uninstalled SomePackage
  Running setup.py install for SomePackage
  Successfully installed SomePackage

5、卸载某个包

$ pip uninstall SomePackage
  Uninstalling SomePackage:
    /my/env/lib/pythonx.x/site-packages/somepackage
  Proceed (y/n)? y
  Successfully uninstalled SomePackage

工具安装：（ubuntu 12.04）

     sudo apt-get install python-pip


二、distribute工具

下载https://pypi.python.org/pypi/distribute/0.7.3

unzip解压

进入目录下执行：

sudo python setup.py install


三、nose工具

安装说明：http://nose.readthedocs.org/en/latest/

sudo easy_install nose

获取帮助 nosetests -h


四、virtualenv工具

https://virtualenv.pypa.io/en/latest/virtualenv.html

sudo pip install virtualenv


使用：

$ virtualenv ENV

This creates ENV/lib/pythonX.X/site-packages, where any libraries you install will go. It also creates ENV/bin/python, which is a Python interpreter that uses this environment. Anytime you use that interpreter (including when a script has #!/path/to/ENV/bin/python in it) the libraries in that environment will be used.

It also installs Setuptools into the environment.

链接：

  1. pip from http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pip

  2. distribute from http://pypi.python.org/pypi/distribute

  3. nose from http://pypi.python.org/pypi/nose/

  4. virtualenv from http://pypi.python.org/pypi/virtualenv