1
ancestry
n.祖先；血统
2
asymmetry
:the appearance that sth has when its two sides or halves are different in shape, size, or style
n.不对称；不匀称
So don't a lot of people have, uh, skeletal asymmetry?
很多人的骨骼都是不对称的，对吧？
This "information asymmetry" between buyers and sellers kills the market.
买卖双方之间的这种“信息不对称”杀死了市场。
3
treadmill
: an exercise device consisting of a continuous moving belt on which you can walk or jog without changing place
n.跑步机；走步机
I was working out on the treadmill.
4
bibliography
: a list of books or articles that have been referred to in a particular book or article
n. 文献目录，参考书目
An academic paper must include the bibliography in its end.
学术论文最后必须注明参考书目。
5
burrow
: a tunnel or hole in the ground that is dug by an animal such as a rabbit
n.(兔子等动物掘的)洞穴，地洞
This little fiddler is excavating mud to create a burrow.
这只招潮蟹正在挖掘泥土，建一个洞穴。
6
pass off
: cause to be circulated and accepted in a false character or identity
v.冒充，误导使把...当作...,发生
She tried to pass off a man, but it didn't work.
她尝试冒充男人，但是没有效果。
7
discrete
: independent of other things of the same type
adj.分开的；不连续的
The abacus is made up of discrete units.
算盘时由非开的单元组成的。
8
patron
: a person who uses a particular shop/store, restaurant, etc.
n.老主顾；赞助人；支持者
He is one of the restaurant's oldest patron; he has been eating there for years.
他时这家餐馆最久的主顾之一，他已经光顾这里很多年了。
9
plague
: any infectious disease that kills a lot of people; a disease spread by rats that causes fever, swellings on the body and usually death
n.瘟疫；灾难；麻烦
v.折磨；烦扰；造成麻烦
The black plague took thousands of lives away in middle ages.
在中世纪，黑死病夺走了成千上万条生命。
10
compliance
: the act or process of doing what you have been asked or ordered to do; the act or process of complying
n.遵守，依从
Compliance with the law is expected of all citizens.
全体公民都有义务遵守法律。
11
ignorance
: a lack of knowledge or information about something
n.愚昧，无知；不知，不懂
I am embarrassed by my complete ignorance of history.
我对历史一无所知，这让我很难堪。
12
appeal
: to make a serious and urgent request
vi.呼吁，请求；申诉；有吸引力
The animal rights group launched an appeal to stop commercial whaling.
动物权益保护组织呼吁停止商业捕鲸。
13
brutal
: violent and cruel
adj.残忍的，粗鲁的；严酷的，难以忍受的
This terrorist attack was incredibly brutal.
这次恐怖袭击真的太残忍了！
14
restrain
: to stop somebody/something from doing something, especially by using physical force; to stop yourself from feeling an emotion or doing something that you would like to do
vt.抑制（愤怒等），控制
I must restrain my anger because he is the boss.
15
incur
: if you incur something unpleasant, you are in a situation in which you have to deal with it
v.遭受；招致；引起
The man incurs a large fine as punishment.
这个男人遭受到的惩罚是一大笔罚款。
16
martyr
: a person who suffers very much or is killed because of their religious or political beliefs
n.烈士
v.迫害，折磨
The city built a statue in memory of the martyr.
17
defraud
: to trick or cheat someone or something in order to get money; to use fraud in order to get money from a person, an organization etc.
v.欺诈，诈取，骗取
This crafty fox defrauds others by pretending to be a beautiful female.
这只狡猾的狐狸伪装成美女来诈骗。
18
tentative
: not behaving or done with confidence
adj.试探性的，不确定的；暂时的；犹豫不决的
When walking in darkness, every step you take is tentative.
在黑暗中行走时，你走的每一步都是试探性的。
19
get the better of
: win a victory over
v.打败
The man on top got the better of the other man.
20
definitive
adj.可靠的，明确的，权威的
The new law is definitive; we now know exactly what it means.
新的法律非常明确，我们现在清楚理解它的意思了。