iOS开发常用的两种视频播放方式,一种是使用MPMoviePlayerController,还有就是使用AVPlayer。MPMoviePlayerController系统高度封装使用起来很方便,但是如果要高度自定义播放器就比较麻烦。而AVPlayer则恰好相反,灵活性更强,使用起来也麻烦一点。本文将对AVPlayer的使用做个简单的介绍。
1、AVPlayer加载播放视频
AVPlayer继承NSObject,所以单独使用AVPlayer时无法显示视频的,必须将视频图层添加到AVPlayerLayer中方能显示视频。使用AVPlayer首先了解一下几个常用的类:
AVAsset:AVAsset类专门用于获取多媒体的相关信息,包括获取多媒体的画面、声音等信息。
AVURLAsset:AVAsset的子类,可以根据一个URL路径创建一个包含媒体信息的AVURLAsset对象。
AVPlayerItem:一个媒体资源管理对象,管理者视频的一些基本信息和状态,一个AVPlayerItem对应着一个视频资源。
AVPlayer加载视频的代码如下:
AVPlayerItem *playerItem = [AVPlayerItem playerItemWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://bos.nj.bpc.baidu.com/tieba-smallvideo/11772_3c435014fb2dd9a5fd56a57cc369f6a0.mp4"]];
//添加监听
[playerItem addObserver:self forKeyPath:@"loadedTimeRanges" options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew context:nil];
[playerItem addObserver:self forKeyPath:@"status" options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew context:nil];
self.avPlayer = [AVPlayer playerWithPlayerItem:playerItem];
AVPlayerLayer *playerLayer = [AVPlayerLayer playerLayerWithPlayer:self.avPlayer];
//设置模式
playerLayer.videoGravity = AVLayerVideoGravityResizeAspectFill;
playerLayer.contentsScale = [UIScreen mainScreen].scale;
playerLayer.frame = CGRectMake(0, 100, self.view.bounds.size.width, 200);
[self.view.layer addSublayer:playerLayer];
//监听回调
- (void)observeValueForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath ofObject:(id)object change:(NSDictionary *)change context:(void *)context
{
AVPlayerItem *playerItem = (AVPlayerItem *)object;
if ([keyPath isEqualToString:@"loadedTimeRanges"]){
}else if ([keyPath isEqualToString:@"status"]){
if (playerItem.status == AVPlayerItemStatusReadyToPlay){
NSLog(@"playerItem is ready");
[self.avPlayer play];
} else{
NSLog(@"load break");
}
}
}
此处代码中添加了对AVPlayerItem的"loadedTimeRanges"和"status"属性监听,status枚举值有 AVPlayerItemStatusUnknown,AVPlayerItemStatusReadyToPlay, AVPlayerItemStatusFailed。只有当status为AVPlayerItemStatusReadyToPlay是调用 AVPlayer的play方法视频才能播放。
运行效果
2、AVPlayer当前缓冲进度以及当前播放进度的处理
获取视频当前的缓冲进度:
通过监听AVPlayerItem的"loadedTimeRanges",可以实时知道当前视频的进度缓冲,计算方法如下:
- (NSTimeInterval)availableDurationWithplayerItem:(AVPlayerItem *)playerItem
{
NSArray *loadedTimeRanges = [playerItem loadedTimeRanges];
CMTimeRange timeRange = [loadedTimeRanges.firstObject CMTimeRangeValue];// 获取缓冲区域
NSTimeInterval startSeconds = CMTimeGetSeconds(timeRange.start);
NSTimeInterval durationSeconds = CMTimeGetSeconds(timeRange.duration);
NSTimeInterval result = startSeconds + durationSeconds;// 计算缓冲总进度
return result;
}
获取视频当前的播放进度:
//视频当前的播放进度
NSTimeInterval current = CMTimeGetSeconds(self.avPlayer.currentTime);
//视频的总长度
NSTimeInterval total = CMTimeGetSeconds(self.avPlayer.currentItem.duration);
AVPlayer提供了一个Block回调,当播放进度改变的时候回主动回调该Block,但是当视频卡顿的时候是不会回调的,可以在该回调里面处理进度条以及播放时间的刷新,详细方法如下:
__weak __typeof(self) weakSelf = self;
[self.avPlayer addPeriodicTimeObserverForInterval:CMTimeMake(1, 1) queue:dispatch_get_main_queue() usingBlock:^(CMTime time) {
//当前播放的时间
NSTimeInterval current = CMTimeGetSeconds(time);
//视频的总时间
NSTimeInterval total = CMTimeGetSeconds(weakSelf.avPlayer.currentItem.duration);
//设置滑块的当前进度
weakSelf.slider.sliderPercent = current/total;
NSLog(@"%f", weakSelf.slider.sliderPercent);
//设置时间
weakSelf.timeLabel.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@", [weakSelf formatPlayTime:current], [weakSelf formatPlayTime:total]];
}];
//将时间转换成00:00:00格式
- (NSString *)formatPlayTime:(NSTimeInterval)duration
{
int minute = 0, hour = 0, secend = duration;
minute = (secend % 3600)/60;
hour = secend / 3600;
secend = secend % 60;
return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%02d:%02d:%02d", hour, minute, secend];
}
改变视频当前的播放进度:
当滑块滑动的时候需要改变当前视频的播放进度,代码如下:
//处理滑块
- (void)progressValueChange:(AC_ProgressSlider *)slider
{
//当视频状态为AVPlayerStatusReadyToPlay时才处理(当视频没加载的时候,直接禁止掉滑块事件)
if (self.avPlayer.status == AVPlayerStatusReadyToPlay) {
NSTimeInterval duration = self.slider.sliderPercent* CMTimeGetSeconds(self.avPlayer.currentItem.duration);
CMTime seekTime = CMTimeMake(duration, 1);
[self.avPlayer seekToTime:seekTime completionHandler:^(BOOL finished) {
}];
}
}
播放进度控件的定制:
该控件应该包含4个部分,总进度、缓冲进度、当前播放进度还有一个滑块。效果图如下:
最简单的实现方式是UIProgressView跟UISlider两个控件叠加起来,效果不是太好。demo是自定义的UIControl,详细实现方式请查看demo中的AC_ProgressSlider类。
当视频卡顿的时候处理旋转loading方法:
上面说过- (id)addPeriodicTimeObserverForInterval:(CMTime)interval queue:(nullable dispatch_queue_t)queue usingBlock:(void (^)(CMTime time))block;该方法在卡顿的时候不会回调,所以只用该方法处理不了这种情况。我好像也没找到相关的api,所以demo中采用的是开启定时器,然后用一个lastTime保留当前的播放进度,当下次调用的时候用lastTime跟当前的进度进行比较,如果相等说明播放卡顿了,代码如下:
self.link = [CADisplayLink displayLinkWithTarget:self selector:@selector(upadte)];
[self.link addToRunLoop:[NSRunLoop mainRunLoop] forMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode];
//更新方法
- (void)upadte
{
NSTimeInterval current = CMTimeGetSeconds(self.avPlayer.currentTime);
NSTimeInterval total = CMTimeGetSeconds(self.avPlayer.currentItem.duration);
//如果用户在手动滑动滑块,则不对滑块的进度进行设置重绘
if (!self.slider.isSliding) {
self.slider.sliderPercent = current/total;
}
if (current!=self.lastTime) {
[self.activity stopAnimating];
self.timeLabel.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@", [self formatPlayTime:current], [self formatPlayTime:total]];
}else{
[self.activity startAnimating];
}
self.lastTime = current;
}
3、AVPlayer播放暂停的处理
这个比较简单、 分别是pause和play方法
//播放暂停按钮
- (void)playOrPauseAction:(UIButton *)sender
{
sender.selected = !sender.selected;
if (self.avPlayer.rate == 1) {
[self.avPlayer pause];
self.link.paused = YES;
[self.activity stopAnimating];
} else {
[self.avPlayer play];
self.link.paused = NO;
}
}
4、AVPlayer播放完成的处理
添加通知即可
//播放完成通知
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self
selector:@selector(moviePlayDidEnd)
name:AVPlayerItemDidPlayToEndTimeNotification
object:nil];
5、更换当前播放的AVPlayerItem
当视频播放完时或者用户切换不同的视频时候就要更换当前的视频,代码如下:
//切换当前播放的内容
- (void)changeCurrentplayerItemWithAC_VideoModel:(AC_VideoModel *)model
{
if (self.avPlayer) {
//由暂停状态切换时候 开启定时器,将暂停按钮状态设置为播放状态
self.link.paused = NO;
self.playButton.selected = NO;
//移除当前AVPlayerItem对"loadedTimeRanges"和"status"的监听
[self removeObserveWithPlayerItem:self.avPlayer.currentItem];
AVPlayerItem *playerItem = [AVPlayerItem playerItemWithURL:model.url];
[self addObserveWithPlayerItem:playerItem];
self.avPlayerItem = playerItem;
//更换播放的AVPlayerItem
[self.avPlayer replaceCurrentItemWithPlayerItem:playerItem];
self.playButton.enabled = NO;
self.slider.enabled = NO;
}
}
感觉写的有点乱,详细的看demo吧,demo运行效果如下:
完整代码7牛下载连接