版权声明:本文为卫伟学习总结文章,转载请注明出处!
AudioRecord和MediaRecorder两种都可以录制音频,MediaRecorder已实现大量的封装,操作起来更加简单,而AudioRecord使用起来更加灵活,能实现更多的功能。
1.AudioRecord(基于字节流录音)
优点:可以实现语音的实时处理,进行边录边播,对音频的实时处理。
缺点:输出是PCM的语言数据,如果保存成音频文件是不能被播放器播放的。要用到AudioTrack这个去进行处理。
2.MediaRecorder(基于文件录音)
已集成了录音,编码,压缩等,支持少量的音频格式文件。
优点:封装度很高,操作简单
缺点:无法实现实时处理音频,输出的音频格式少。
MediaRecorder基于API介绍
MediaRecorder是android中面向应用层的封装,用于提供便捷的音视频编码封装操作,在使用的过程中要严格按照官方指定的生命周期调用顺序,即下图所示的使用步骤
- initial:在MediaRecorder被创建(刚new出来)或者调用reset()方法后,会处于该状态
- initialized : 当调用setAudioSource()或者setVideoSource()后,处于该状态。这两个方法主要用于设置音视频的源配置,通常音频是麦克风,视频是摄像头。该状态可以通过调用reset()方法回到initial状态
- DataSourceConfigured : 当调用setOutputFormat()方法后,会处于该状态。该方法主要用于设置输出的文件格式,可以是音视频如MP4,也可以是单独的音频如mp3。当处于该状态之后,可以进一步设置音频和视频的配置参数,例如音频封装格式,采样率,视频码率,帧率等等该状态可以通过调用reset()方法回到initial状态
- Prepared :在上面几个步骤都配置好之后,可以通过调用prepare()方法进入该状态,只有处于该状态,才能调用start()
- Recording :通过调用start()方法进入该状态,该状态就是真正开始进行视频录制编码的阶段,通过调用stop()或者reset()可以回到initial状态
- error状态 :当录制过程中发生次错误时,会进入该状态,调用reset()方法回到initial状态。
- release : 只有在initial状态才可以通过调用release()方法进入该状态,释放所占用的系统资源
功能实现:MediaRecorder(这里需要注意,无论录制还是播放都时一个好耗时操作,需要在非主线程中去操作)
private void initView() {
tv_sendmsg = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_stream_msg);
tv_press_send = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_press_send);
//实现触摸录音,松开录音结束
tv_press_send.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {
@Override
public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
switch(event.getAction()) {
case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
startRecorder();
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
stopRecorder();
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:
break;
default:
break;
}
return true;
}
});
}
开启一个单线程去实现录音功能,及失败操作:
/**
* 开启录音
*/
private void startRecorder() {
tv_press_send.setText("正在说话...");
//提交后台任务,开始录音
mExecutorService.submit(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
//释放上一次的录音
releaseRecorder();
Log.i("wewei","开始录音");
//开始录音
if(!doStart()) {
recorderFial();
}
}
});
}
启动录音,及MediaRecorder的配置:
/**
* 启动录音
* @return //录音是否启动成功
*/
private boolean doStart() {
try {
Log.i("wewei","启动录音");
//创建MediaRecorder
mMediaRecorder = new MediaRecorder();
// 创建录音文件
mRecorderFile = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath()
+ "/recorderdemo/" +System.currentTimeMillis() + ".m4a");
if (!mRecorderFile.getParentFile().exists()) mRecorderFile.getParentFile().mkdirs();
mRecorderFile.createNewFile();
//配置MediaRecorder
// 从麦克风采集
mMediaRecorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC);
// 保存文件为MP4格式
mMediaRecorder.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.MPEG_4);
// 所有android系统都支持的适中采样的频率
mMediaRecorder.setAudioSamplingRate(44100);
//通用的AAC编码格式
mMediaRecorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.AAC);
//设置音质频率
mMediaRecorder.setAudioEncodingBitRate(96000);
//设置文件录音的位置
mMediaRecorder.setOutputFile(mRecorderFile.getAbsolutePath());
//开始录音
mMediaRecorder.prepare();
mMediaRecorder.start();
startRecorderTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
Log.i("wewei","正在录音");
} catch(Exception e) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "录音失败,请重试", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return false;
}
//记录开始录音时间,用于统计时长,小于3秒中,录音不发送
return true;
}
停止录音操作:
/**
* 关闭录音
*
* @return
*/
private boolean doStop() {
try {
Log.i("wewei","关闭录音");
mMediaRecorder.stop();
stopRecorderTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
final int second = (int) (stopRecorderTime - startRecorderTime) / 1000;
//按住时间小于3秒钟,算作录取失败,不进行发送s
if(second < 3) return false;
mHandler.post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
//tv_sendmsg.setText("录制成功:" + second + "秒");
}
});
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return true;
}
释放MediaRecorder:
/**
* 释放上一次的录音
*/
private void releaseRecorder() {
if (mMediaRecorder != null) {
mMediaRecorder.release();
mMediaRecorder = null;
}
}
录音的播放:使用MediaPlayer
开启一个单线程,去播放:
/**
* 播放录音
*
* @param view
*/
public void playrecorder(View view) {
if (!mIsPlaying) {
mExecutorService.submit(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
doPlay(mRecorderFile);
}
});
} else {
Toast.makeText(FileActivity.this, "正在播放", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
具体播放代码:
/**
* 播放
* @param audioFile
*/
private void doPlay(File audioFile) {
Log.i("wewei","doPlay");
Log.i("wewei","audioFile ====" +audioFile);
try {
//配置播放器mMediaPlayer
mMediaPlayer = new MediaPlayer();
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(audioFile);
//设置声音文件
mMediaPlayer.setDataSource(fis.getFD());
//配置音量,中等音量
mMediaPlayer.setVolume(1, 1);
//播放是否循环
mMediaPlayer.setLooping(false);
//设置监听回调, 播放完毕
mMediaPlayer.setOnCompletionListener(new MediaPlayer.OnCompletionListener() {
@Override
public void onCompletion(MediaPlayer mp) {
stopPlayer();
Log.i("wewei","播放完毕");
}
});
mMediaPlayer.setOnErrorListener(new MediaPlayer.OnErrorListener() {
@Override
public boolean onError(MediaPlayer mp, int what, int extra) {
stopPlayer();
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"播放失败",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return true;
}
});
Log.i("wewei","prepare");
//设置播放
mMediaPlayer.prepare();
mMediaPlayer.start();
Log.i("wewei","正在播放");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
Log.i("wewei","error :" +e.toString());
stopPlayer();
}
}
activity销毁后的onDestory的处理:
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
//当activity关闭时,停止这个线程,防止内存泄漏
mExecutorService.shutdownNow();
releaseRecorder();
}
MediaRecord完整功能实现代码:
package com.weiwei.mediarecordertest;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.media.MediaPlayer;
import android.media.MediaRecorder;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Looper;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
/**
* MediaRecorder 实现录音采集
* MediaPlayer 实现录音播放
* @author weiwei
*
*/
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private TextView tv_sendmsg;
private TextView tv_press_send;
private ExecutorService mExecutorService;
private MediaRecorder mMediaRecorder;
private MediaPlayer mMediaPlayer;
private File mRecorderFile;
private long startRecorderTime, stopRecorderTime;
private Handler mHandler = new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper());
private boolean mIsPlaying = false;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.send_file);
setTitle("文件录音");
initView();
//录音JNI函数不具有线程安全型,因此用单线程
mExecutorService = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
}
private void initView() {
tv_sendmsg = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_stream_msg);
tv_press_send = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_press_send);
tv_press_send.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {
@Override
public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
switch(event.getAction()) {
case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
startRecorder();
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
stopRecorder();
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:
break;
default:
break;
}
return true;
}
});
}
/**
* 开启录音
*/
private void startRecorder() {
tv_press_send.setText("正在说话...");
//提交后台任务,开始录音
mExecutorService.submit(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
//释放上一次的录音
releaseRecorder();
Log.i("wewei","开始录音");
//开始录音
if(!doStart()) {
recorderFial();
}
}
});
}
/**
* 释放上一次的录音
*/
private void releaseRecorder() {
if (mMediaRecorder != null) {
mMediaRecorder.release();
mMediaRecorder = null;
}
}
/**
* 启动录音
* @return //录音是否启动成功
*/
private boolean doStart() {
try {
Log.i("wewei","启动录音");
//创建MediaRecorder
mMediaRecorder = new MediaRecorder();
// 创建录音文件
mRecorderFile = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath()
+ "/recorderdemo/" +System.currentTimeMillis() + ".m4a");
if (!mRecorderFile.getParentFile().exists()) mRecorderFile.getParentFile().mkdirs();
mRecorderFile.createNewFile();
//配置MediaRecorder
// 从麦克风采集
mMediaRecorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC);
// 保存文件为MP4格式
mMediaRecorder.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.MPEG_4);
// 所有android系统都支持的适中采样的频率
mMediaRecorder.setAudioSamplingRate(44100);
//通用的AAC编码格式
mMediaRecorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.AAC);
//设置音质频率
mMediaRecorder.setAudioEncodingBitRate(96000);
//设置文件录音的位置
mMediaRecorder.setOutputFile(mRecorderFile.getAbsolutePath());
//开始录音
mMediaRecorder.prepare();
mMediaRecorder.start();
startRecorderTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
Log.i("wewei","正在录音");
} catch(Exception e) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "录音失败,请重试", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return false;
}
//记录开始录音时间,用于统计时长,小于3秒中,录音不发送
return true;
}
/**
* 关闭录音
*
* @return
*/
private boolean doStop() {
try {
Log.i("wewei","关闭录音");
mMediaRecorder.stop();
stopRecorderTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
final int second = (int) (stopRecorderTime - startRecorderTime) / 1000;
//按住时间小于3秒钟,算作录取失败,不进行发送s
if(second < 3) return false;
mHandler.post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
//tv_sendmsg.setText("录制成功:" + second + "秒");
}
});
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return true;
}
/**
* 录音失败逻辑
*/
private void recorderFial() {
mRecorderFile = null;
mHandler.post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
tv_press_send.setText("录音失败请重新录音");
}
});
}
/**
* 停止录音
*/
private void stopRecorder() {
tv_press_send.setText("停止录音");
//提交后台任务,停止录音
mExecutorService.submit(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
if(!doStop()) {
recorderFial();
}
releaseRecorder();
}
});
}
/**
* 播放录音
*
* @param view
*/
public void playrecorder(View view) {
Log.i("wewei","mIsPlaying =" +mIsPlaying);
if(!mIsPlaying) {
mExecutorService.submit(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
doPlay(mRecorderFile);
}
});
} else {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "正在播放", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
/**
* 播放
* @param audioFile
*/
private void doPlay(File audioFile) {
Log.i("wewei","doPlay");
Log.i("wewei","audioFile ====" +audioFile);
try {
//配置播放器mMediaPlayer
mMediaPlayer = new MediaPlayer();
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(audioFile);
//设置声音文件
mMediaPlayer.setDataSource(fis.getFD());
//配置音量,中等音量
mMediaPlayer.setVolume(1, 1);
//播放是否循环
mMediaPlayer.setLooping(false);
//设置监听回调, 播放完毕
mMediaPlayer.setOnCompletionListener(new MediaPlayer.OnCompletionListener() {
@Override
public void onCompletion(MediaPlayer mp) {
stopPlayer();
Log.i("wewei","播放完毕");
}
});
mMediaPlayer.setOnErrorListener(new MediaPlayer.OnErrorListener() {
@Override
public boolean onError(MediaPlayer mp, int what, int extra) {
stopPlayer();
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"播放失败",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return true;
}
});
Log.i("wewei","prepare");
//设置播放
mMediaPlayer.prepare();
mMediaPlayer.start();
Log.i("wewei","正在播放");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
Log.i("wewei","error :" +e.toString());
stopPlayer();
}
}
private void stopPlayer() {
Log.i("wewei","stopPlayer");
mIsPlaying = false;
mMediaPlayer.release();
mMediaPlayer = null;
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
//当activity 关闭时,停止这个线程,防止内存泄漏
mExecutorService.shutdownNow();
releaseRecorder();
}
生成的.m4a格式的音频文件