MMM实现MySQL高可用
一、MMM介绍
二、MySQL-MMM工作关系图
三、MySQL-MMM工作原理图
四、案例环境使用五台服务器模拟搭建，具体环境如下所示
主机名称 |
操作系统 |
IP地址 |
VIP |
主要软件 |
M1 |
CentOS 6.5 x86_64 |
192.168.200.21 |
192.168.200.30 |
MySQL-MMM 2.2.1 |
M2 |
CentOS 6.5 x86_64 |
192.168.200.22 |
MySQL-MMM 2.2.1 |
|
S1 |
CentOS 6.5 x86_64 |
192.168.200.23 |
192.168.200.33 |
MySQL-MMM 2.2.1 |
S2 |
CentOS 6.5 x86_64 |
192.168.200.24 |
192.168.200.34 |
MySQL-MMM 2.2.1 |
monitor |
CentOS 6.5 x86_64 |
192.168.200.25 |
无 |
MySQL-MMM 2.2.1 |
五、案例实施
1.1 环境准备
[root@m1 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
192.168.200.21m1
192.168.200.22m2
192.168.200.23s1
192.168.200.24s2
192.168.200.25monitor
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
[root@m1 ~]# scp /etc/hosts m2:/etc/hosts
[root@m1 ~]# scp /etc/hosts s1:/etc/hosts
[root@m1 ~]# scp /etc/hosts s2:/etc/hosts
[root@m1 ~]# scp /etc/hosts monitor:/etc/hosts
1.2 搭建MMM, MySQL多主多从模式replication
1.2.1 安装MySQL并配置 (m1 m2 s1 s2)
[root@m1 ~]# yum -y install mysql mysql-server mysql-devel
注意：在m2 s1 s2 上做同样的操作,大家一定要注意：对后续实验过程中对perl语言开发环境的完整支持，记得要将centos6.5的两张光盘都要做到yum仓库中去。
1.2.3 配置m1 m2 s1 s2
[root@m1 ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
log-error=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.err
log=/var/lib/mysql/query_log.log
log-slow-queries=/var/lib/mysql/slow_query_log.log
user=mysql
default-character-set=utf8
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id=1
binlog-ignore-db=mysql,information_schema,test
log-slave-updates
sync_binlog=1
auto_increment_increment=2
auto_increment_offset=1
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
[client]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
注意：每台mysql主机server-id不能相同，其它配置文件参数相同即可！
比如：m1 --- server-id=1
m2 --- server-id=2
s1 --- server-id=3
s2 --- server-id=4
[root@m1 ~]# scp /etc/my.cnf m2:/etc/my.cnf
[root@m1 ~]# scp /etc/my.cnf s1:/etc/my.cnf
[root@m1 ~]# scp /etc/my.cnf s2:/etc/my.cnf
[root@m2 ~]# sed -i '/ server-id/ s/1/2/g' /etc/my.cnf
[root@s1 ~]# sed -i '/ server-id/ s/1/3/g' /etc/my.cnf
[root@s2 ~]# sed -i '/ server-id/ s/1/4/g' /etc/my.cnf
分别在m1 m2 s1 s2上启动mysql服务
[root@m1 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
[root@m1 ~]# chkconfig mysqld on
[root@m1 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot password "123"
1.2.4 MySQL配置m1 m2上为AA复制模式
1.2.4.1 先产看下log bin日志和postion值位置
[root@m1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+-------------------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+-------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000003 | 249 | | mysql,information_schema,test |
+------------------+----------+--------------+-------------------------------+
[root@m2 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+-------------------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+-------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000003 | 249 | | mysql,information_schema,test |
+------------------+----------+--------------+-------------------------------+
1.2.4.2 m1 m2互相提升访问权限
在m1上的操作：
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'replication'@'192.168.200.%' identified by '123';
mysql> flush privileges;
在m2上的操作：
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'replication'@'192.168.200.%' identified by '123';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.200.21',
-> master_user='replication',master_password='123',
-> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',
-> master_log_pos=249;
mysql> start slave;
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.200.21
Master_User: replication
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 492
Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 494
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 492
Relay_Log_Space: 650
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
在m1上的操作：
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.200.22', master_user='replication',master_password='123', master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003', master_log_pos=249;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.200.22
Master_User: replication
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 735
Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 494
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 735
Relay_Log_Space: 650
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
1.2.4.3 测试AA复制同步，在mysql-m2上新建一个库yylin
mysql> create database yylin;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| test |
| yylin |
+--------------------+
在m1上查看测试：
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| test |
| yylin |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
1.2.5 配置s1和s2作为m1 的从库
1.2.5.1 先看一下m1 上master状态值
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+-------------------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+-------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000003 | 825 | | mysql,information_schema,test |
+------------------+----------+--------------+-------------------------------+
1.2.5.2 在s1和s2分别执行:
[root@s1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.200.21', master_user='replication',master_password='123', master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003', master_log_pos=825;
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.200.21
Master_User: replication
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 825
Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 251
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 825
Relay_Log_Space: 407
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
1.3 安装配置mysql-MMM
1.3.1 Centos默认没有
[root@m1 ~]# wget http://mirrors.yun-idc.com/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
[root@m1 ~]# rpm -ivh epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
在其它m2 s1 s2 monitor上均做如上操作，并在五台服务器上都安装mysql-mmm*
[root@m1 ~]# yum -y install mysql-mmm*
1.3.2 在m1 m2 s1 s2 四个节点上授权monitor访问
[root@m1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123
mysql> grant replication client on *.* to 'mmm_monitor'@'192.168.200.%' identified by '123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> grant super,replication client, process on *.* to 'mmm_agent'@'192.168.200.%' identified by '123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
1.3.3 修改/etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf配置文件，系统中所有主机(m1 m2 s1 s2 monitor)的该配置文件内容都是一样的，包括监控主机mysql-monitor
[root@m1 ~]# cd /etc/mysql-mmm/
[root@m1 mysql-mmm]# cp mmm_common.conf mmm_common.conf.bak
[root@m1 mysql-mmm]# vi /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf
active_master_role writer
cluster_interface eth1
pid_path /var/run/mysql-mmm/mmm_agentd.pid
bin_path /usr/libexec/mysql-mmm/
replication_user replication
replication_password 123
agent_user mmm_agent
agent_password 123
ip 192.168.200.21
mode master
peer db2
ip 192.168.200.22
mode master
peer db1
ip 192.168.200.23
mode slave
ip 192.168.200.24
mode slave
hosts db1, db2
ips 192.168.200.30
mode exclusive
hosts db3, db4
ips 192.168.200.31, 192.168.200.32
mode balanced
[root@m1 mysql-mmm]# scp mmm_common.conf m2:/etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf
[root@m1 mysql-mmm]# scp mmm_common.conf s1:/etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf
[root@m1 mysql-mmm]# scp mmm_common.conf s2:/etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf
[root@m1 mysql-mmm]# scp mmm_common.conf \
monitor:/etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf
1.3.4 在数据库主机(m1 m2 s1 s2)上我们需要编辑/etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_agent.conf 文件，根据不同的主机修改为不同的值:
[root@m1 mysql-mmm]# cp mmm_agent.conf mmm_agent.conf.bak
[root@m1 mysql-mmm]# vi mmm_agent.conf
include mmm_common.conf
# The 'this' variable refers to this server. Proper operation requires
# that 'this' server (db1 by default), as well as all other servers, have the
# proper IP addresses set in mmm_common.conf.
this db1
上面的db1在不同的数据库机器上(m1 m2 s1 s2)分别修改为:db1、db2、db3和db4
[root@m2 ~]# cd /etc/mysql-mmm/
[root@m2 mysql-mmm]# sed -i '/^this/ s/1/2/g' mmm_agent.conf
[root@s1 ~]# cd /etc/mysql-mmm/
[root@s1 mysql-mmm]# sed -i '/^this/ s/1/3/g' mmm_agent.conf
[root@s2 ~]# cd /etc/mysql-mmm/
[root@s2 mysql-mmm]# sed -i '/^this/ s/1/4/g' mmm_agent.conf
1.3.5 在监控主机(monitor)上我们需要编辑/etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_mon.conf
[root@monitor ~]# cd /etc/mysql-mmm/
[root@monitor mysql-mmm]# cp mmm_mon.conf mmm_mon.conf.bak
[root@monitor mysql-mmm]# vi mmm_mon.conf
include mmm_common.conf
ip 127.0.0.1
pid_path /var/run/mysql-mmm/mmm_mond.pid
bin_path /usr/libexec/mysql-mmm
status_path /var/lib/mysql-mmm/mmm_mond.status
ping_ips 192.168.200.21,192.168.200.22,192.168.200.23,192.168.200.24
auto_set_online 10
# The kill_host_bin does not exist by default, though the monitor will
# throw a warning about it missing. See the section 5.10 "Kill Host
# Functionality" in the PDF documentation.
#
# kill_host_bin /usr/libexec/mysql-mmm/monitor/kill_host
#
monitor_user mmm_monitor
monitor_password 123
debug 0
1.3.6 启动代理
[root@m1 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysql-mmm-agent start
Starting MMM Agent Daemon: [确定]
[root@m2 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysql-mmm-agent start
Starting MMM Agent Daemon: [确定]
[root@s1 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysql-mmm-agent start
Starting MMM Agent Daemon: [确定]
[root@s2 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysql-mmm-agent start
Starting MMM Agent Daemon: [确定]
1.3.7 启动监控
[root@monitor ~]# /etc/init.d/mysql-mmm-monitor start
Starting MMM Monitor Daemon: [确定]
1.3.8 测试集群
[root@monitor mysql-mmm]# mmm_control show
db1(192.168.200.21) master/ONLINE. Roles: writer(192.168.200.30)
db2(192.168.200.22) master/ONLINE. Roles:
db3(192.168.200.23) slave/ONLINE. Roles: reader(192.168.200.32)
db4(192.168.200.24) slave/ONLINE. Roles: reader(192.168.200.31)
主库或者从库宕机，会有十秒左右时间，数据不能够查询和插入