实验环境：
NGINX CentOS 7.2x86_64 IP：172.16.253.94 192.168.1.10
RealServer1 CentOS 6.7x86_64 IP：192.168.1.20
RealServer2 CentOS 7.2x86_64 IP：192.168.1.30
client RHEL5.5 IP：172.16.251.75
RealServer1 ：
[root@localhost ~]# iptables -F
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install httpd php php-mysql mysql-server
[root@localhost ~]# service httpd restart
[root@localhost ~]# service httpd mysql
[root@localhost ~]# echo "RealServer1 " >> /var/www/html/index.html
RealServer2：
[root@localhost ~]# iptables -F
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install httpd php php-mysql mariadb-server
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start httpd.service mariadb.service
[root@localhost ~]# echo "RealServer2 " >> /var/www/html/index.html
负载均衡httpd：
1.安装NGINX：
[root@pxe94 ~]# iptables -F
[root@pxe94 ~]# setenforce 0
[root@pxe94 ~]# yum -y install nginx-1.10.1-1.el7.ngx.x86_64.rpm
[root@pxe94 ~]# rpm -ql nginx
2.启动服务：
[root@pxe94 ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@pxe94 ~]# nginx
[root@pxe94 ~]# ss -tnl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
3.定义upstream负载均衡：
[root@pxe94nginx]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
http {
省略部分…
upstream websrvs{
server 192.168.1.20;
server 192.168.1.30;
}
省略部分…
}
4.调用upstream模块：
[root@pxe94nginx]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
server {
省略部分…
location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html index.htm;
proxy_pass http://websrvs;
}
省略部分…
}
5.客户端测试：（默认轮询算法）
[root@station75 ~]# for i in {1..10}; do curl http://172.16.253.94; done
RealServer 1
RealServer 2
RealServer 1
RealServer 2
RealServer 1
RealServer 2
RealServer 1
RealServer 2
RealServer 1
RealServer 2
6.配置调度器算法：
[root@pxe94nginx]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
http {
省略部分…
upstream websrvs{
server 192.168.1.20;
server 192.168.1.30;
hash $request_uri consistent; //一致性hash算法：将同一个url请求发往同一个RealServer
}
省略部分…
}
7.测试一致性hash算法：
[root@station75~]# for i in {1..10}; do curl http://172.16.253.94/; done
RealServer 1
RealServer 1
RealServer 1
RealServer 1
RealServer 1
RealServer 1
RealServer 1
RealServer 1
RealServer 1
RealServer 1
负载均衡ssh服务：
[root@pxe94nginx]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
stream{
upstream sshsrvs{
server 192.168.1.20:22;
server 192.168.1.30:22;
}
server {
listen 172.16.253.94:22202;
proxy_pass sshsrvs;
}
}
[root@pxe94nginx]#nginx -s stop
[root@pxe94nginx]#nginx
客户端远程登陆：
ssh -P 22202 [email protected]
Memcached缓存服务：
[root@pxe94 ~]#yum -y install memcached
[root@pxe94 ~]#rpm -ql memcache
[root@pxe94 ~]#cat /etc/sysconfig/memcached
PORT="11211"
USER="memcached"
MAXCONN="1024"
CACHESIZE="64"
OPTIONS=""
[root@pxe94 ~]#ss -tnl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 *:11211 *:*
Memcahed简单配置：
[root@station75 ~]# telnet 172.16.253.94 11211
Trying 172.16.253.94...
Connected to pxe94.magelinux.com (172.16.253.94).
Escape character is '^]'.
命令：
统计类：stats、stats items、stats slabs、stats sizes
存储类：set、add、replace、append、prepend
获取数据类：get、delete、incr/decr
清空：flush_all
常用选项：
-m
-c
-u USERNAME：程序的运行者
-p PORT：监听的TCP端口
-U PORT：监听的UDP端口
-l
-M：缓存耗尽时，向请求存储缓存项返回错误信息
-f
-t