PXE + Kickstart搭建局域网实验环境

配置环境：
a、本机ip：192.168.0.210，mac地址：20:6A:8A:68:E3:6E，主机名：server.example.com
b、rhel6.2的镜像挂在到了/var/ftp/pub/rhel6/下
c、ks.cfg放在了/var/www/html/
配置规划：
a、安装base包
b、配置好yum源
c、安装lftp软件

1、安装apache,用于发布kickstart配置文件ks.cfg
[root@server ~]# yum install httpd -y
[root@server ~]# chkconfig httpd on
[root@server ~]# service httpd start

2、安装tftp，用于支持pxe安装时连接发布机下载源
[root@server ~]# yum install tftp-server -y
[root@server ~]# vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
将disable的值由yes变为no，开启tftp服务
[root@server ~]# service xinetd restart

3、配置支持pxe的启动程序
[root@server ~]# cd /var/lib/tftpboot/
[root@server tftpboot]# yum install syslinux -y
[root@server tftpboot]# rpm -ql `rpm -qa|grep syslinux` | grep pxelinux
[root@server tftpboot]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 .
[root@server tftpboot]# mount -o loop /root/rhel-server-6.2-x86_64-dvd.iso /mnt/
[root@server tftpboot]# cp /mnt/p_w_picpaths/{vmlinuz.initrd.img} /var/lib/tftpboot/
[root@server tftpboot]# cp /mnt/isolinux/boot.msg .
[root@server tftpboot]# mkdir pxelinux.cfg
[root@server tftpboot]# cd pxelinux.cfg/
[root@server pxelinux.cfg]# cp /mnt/isolinux/isolinux.cfg default

4、安装DHCP
[root@server ~]# yum install dhcp -y
[root@server ~]# cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/dhcpd.conf.sample /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf 
 ddns-update-style interim;
 ignore client-updates;
 next-server 192.168.0.210;
 filename "pxelinux.0"; //如果此行写在subnet下安装会失败！      
 subnet 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
 range 192.168.0.100 192.168.0.150;
 option domain-name-servers 192.168.0.210;
 option domain-name "kevin.com";
 option routers 192.168.0.210;
 option broadcast-address 192.168.0.254;
 default-lease-time 600;
 max-lease-time 7200;
 }
 host server {
   hardware ethernet 20:6a:8a:68:e3:6e;
   fixed-address 192.168.0.210;
 }    

[root@server ~]# service dhcpd start
Starting dhcpd:                                            [  OK  ]

5、安装kickstart，安装系统的相关配置
[root@server ~]# yum install system-config-kickstart -y
[root@server ~]# system-config-kickstart &
保存到/var/www/html/ks.cfg
需要注意的写出来：
【Basic Configuration：加密码；开机重启；有必要使用图形安装】
【Installation Method：选择全新安装还是升级安装；安装源我这里选择ftp（server：192.168.0.210;directory:pub/rhel6）】
【Partition Information：移除所有磁盘空间还是移除linux分区；初始化磁盘标签还是保留原有的】
【Network Configuration：这里选择DHCP】
【Package Selection：这里只选择了BASE包】
【Post-Installation Script：安装完成后的脚本】
//这里配置了一个yum源
mkdir /var/cache/yum/x86_64/6Server/ -p
cat >>/etc/yum.repos.d/dvd.repo < [rhel6]
name=rhel6
baseurl=ftp://192.168.0.210/pub/rhel6/
gpgcheck=0

[client6]
name=client6
baseurl=ftp://192.168.0.210/pub/client6/
gpgcheck=0
mine
yum clean all
[root@server ~]# cat /var/www/html/ks.cfg
#platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T
#version=DEVEL

key --skip
# Firewall configuration
firewall --disabled
# Install OS instead of upgrade
install
# Use network installation
url --url="ftp://192.168.0.210/pub/rhel6"
# Root password
rootpw --iscrypted $1$y1tzVELz$YShD1ntoBKwAdMmaSzvP31
# System authorization information
auth  --useshadow  --passalgo=sha512
# Use text mode install
text
firstboot --disable
# System keyboard
keyboard us
# System language
lang en_US
# SELinux configuration
selinux --enforcing
# Installation logging level
logging --level=info
# Reboot after installation
reboot
# System timezone
timezone  Asia/Shanghai
# Network information
network  --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 --onboot=on
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --location=mbr
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --all --initlabel
# Disk partitioning information
part /boot --fstype="ext4" --size=100
part swap --fstype="swap" --size=512
part / --fstype="ext4" --size=3072

%post --interpreter=/bin/bash
mkdir /var/cache/yum/x86_64/6Server/ -p
cat >>/etc/yum.repos.d/dvd.repo < [rhel6]
name=rhel6
baseurl=ftp://192.168.0.210/pub/rhel6/
gpgcheck=0

[client6]
name=client6
baseurl=ftp://192.168.0.210/pub/client6/
gpgcheck=0
mine

yum clean all
%end

%packages
@base
yum-plugin-security
-abrt-plugin-mailx
-abrt-plugin-sosreport

%end
修改pxelinux.cfg/default
[root@server ~]# cd /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/
[root@server pxelinux.cfg]# vim default
default vesamenu.c32
#prompt 1
timeout 600

display boot.msg

menu background splash.jpg
menu title Welcome to Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.2!
menu color border 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color sel 7 #ffffffff #ff000000
menu color title 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color tabmsg 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color unsel 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color hotsel 0 #ff000000 #ffffffff
menu color hotkey 7 #ffffffff #ff000000
menu color scrollbar 0 #ffffffff #00000000

label rhel6
menu label ^rhel6 install (text mode)
menu default
kernel /vmlinuz
append initrd=/initrd.img ks=http://192.168.0.210/ks.cfg

label rescue
  menu label ^Rescue installed system
  kernel vmlinuz
  append initrd=initrd.img rescue