上一篇文章提到在vmware上搭建lvs+keepalive 实验一直没做成功，找了很多资料和视频看，然后对照着自己的配置文件，发现完全没问题，可是就是不成功，做了n多次，甚至都觉得是vmware的问题，但是有个视频又在vmware上做出来了，于是我又尝试了n+n遍，今天终于发现问题了。
其实问题很简单，是因为我在编译安装keepalive的时候指定了参数--prefix=/usr/local/keepalive ，而当我启动keepalive的时候，keepalive默认会去/etc/ 下找keepalived.conf 这个配置文件，从下面帮助信息可以看到：
[root@server ~]# keepalived -h
Keepalived v1.2.7 (03/04,2013)
Usage:
keepalived -f keepalived.conf
keepalived --use-file -f Use the specified configuration file.
Default is /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf.
而我编译的时候把路径指向了/usr/local/keepalive 那么执行Keepalive服务的时候就发现不了keepalived.conf，导致上篇文章所述的没办法实现lvs。
解决办法有两个，一个就是重新编译安装，然后不指定安装路径，或者像帮助文件说的用-f指定keepalived.conf路径。（不过我试了一下好像不行，不知道是我配错还是怎样，我是重新编译安装了keepalive的）
刚接触的童鞋可能会在这里有一个误区，觉得是先配置好Lvs 再在lvs的基础上配置keepalive，其实不然，在Director上根本不用配置Lvs，而是要配置keepalive，通过keepalive来调度lvs，具体看下面实验过程：
=================下面是安装配置的过程==================
首先是实验拓扑图
【IP分配】
Director(MASTER) 192.168.30.105
Director(BACKUP) 192.168.30.106
node1 192.168.30.113
node2 192.168.30.114
VIP 192.168.30.254
一、安装ipvsadm.
1.安装依赖软件
[root@server ~]# yum -y install popt popt-devel popt-static openssl-devel kernel-devel libnl libnl-devel
注意：popt-static 系统可能没有自带，需要另行下载，我已经打包好，下载链接在本文底部。
2.解压安装ipvsadm
[root@server src]# tar xf ipvsadm-1.26.tar.gz
[root@server src]# cd ipvsadm-1.26
[root@server ipvsadm-1.26]# make && make install
[root@server ipvsadm-1.26]# ipvsadm
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
有以上输出说明Ipvsadm已经安装完成。
二、安装keepalive
1.安装keepalive
[root@server keepalived-1.2.7]# ln -s /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /sbin/keepalived
PS：编译参数应该注意，若指定了安装目录例如/usr/local/keepalive 那么就要使用keepalive -f来指定keepalived.conf 的位置。为了省去那些麻烦，可以直接指定--sysconf=/etc 参数
编译完成后要看到下面3个yes，keepalive才能调度Lvs，如果没有3个yes，检查编译是否带了内核参数--with-kernel-dir
Keepalived configuration
------------------------
Keepalived version : 1.1.15
Compiler : gcc
Compiler flags : -g -O2
Extra Lib : -lpopt -lssl -lcrypto
Use IPVS Framework : Yes
IPVS sync daemon support : Yes
Use VRRP Framework : Yes
Use LinkWatch : No
Use Debug flags : No
2.配置keepalived.conf
[root@server ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
}
notification_email_from [email protected]
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_1
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER // 将本机设置成主服务器，从服务器上这里设置为BACKUP
interface eth0 //监听端口
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100 //优先级，从服务器上的优先级必须低于这个值
advert_int 1
authentication { // 配置认证
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress { // 虚拟ip,若有多个，可以隔行写
192.168.30.254
}
}
virtual_server 192.168.30.254 80 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo wlc //定义算法为wlc，最小连接算法
lb_kind DR //定义lvs的模式为DR
nat_mask 255.255.255.0 //子网掩码
persistence_timeout 50
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.30.113 80 { //定义RS
weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10
nb_get_retry 3
connect_port 80
}
}
real_server 192.168.30.114 80 {
weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10
nb_get_retry 3
connect_port 80
}
}
}
从服务器上的keepalived配置，只需修改上面2处红色的地方即可。
配置完成后，启动keepalive服务
Starting keepalived: [ OK ]
执行ipvsadm 可以看到lvs已经正常启动。
[root@server ~]# ipvsadm
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 192.168.30.254:http wlc persistent 50
-> 192.168.30.113:http Route 1 0 0
-> 192.168.30.114:http Route 1 0 0
查看
[root@server ~]# ip addr list |grep eth0
2: eth0:
inet 192.168.30.105/24 brd 192.168.30.255 scope global eth0
inet 192.168.30.254/32 scope global eth0
可以看到VIP 已经出现在server上
查看本机日志，可以看到服务已经正常启动：
[root@server ~]# tailf /var/log/messages
May 16 17:15:10 server Keepalived_healthcheckers[1310]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.30.254 added
May 16 17:15:12 server Keepalived_healthcheckers[1310]: TCP connection to [192.168.30.113]:80 failed !!!
May 16 17:15:12 server Keepalived_healthcheckers[1310]: Removing service [192.168.30.113]:80 from VS [192.168.30.254]:80
May 16 17:15:12 server Keepalived_healthcheckers[1310]: Remote SMTP server [127.0.0.1]:25 connected.
May 16 17:15:12 server Keepalived_healthcheckers[1310]: TCP connection to [192.168.30.114]:80 failed !!!
May 16 17:15:12 server Keepalived_healthcheckers[1310]: Removing service [192.168.30.114]:80 from VS [192.168.30.254]:80
May 16 17:15:12 server Keepalived_healthcheckers[1310]: Lost quorum 1-0=1 > 0 for VS [192.168.30.254]:80
May 16 17:15:12 server Keepalived_healthcheckers[1310]: Remote SMTP server [127.0.0.1]:25 connected.
May 16 17:15:12 server Keepalived_healthcheckers[1310]: SMTP alert successfully sent.
May 16 17:15:12 server Keepalived_healthcheckers[1310]: SMTP alert successfully sent.
May 16 17:15:15 server Keepalived_vrrp[1311]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 192.168.30.254
以上搭建都是在server上搭建的，在client上同样需要搭建ipvsadm和keepalive ，过程跟server上的搭建一样。唯一不同的是，备用Director上的keepalived.conf需要修改2处：1.修改状态为BACKUP 2.优先级改到低于服务器的优先级
三、配置RS
1.配置real server
这里我用脚本来实现，脚本如下：
#!/bin/bash
VIP=192.168.30.254
case $1 in
start)
echo "Start LVS of DR"
/sbin/ifdown eth1
ifconfig eth0:0 192.168.30.254 netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast 192.168.30.254
route add -host 192.168.30.254 dev eth0:0
#route add default gw 192.168.30.200
echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "2" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "2" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
sysctl -p > /dev/null 2>&1
;;
stop)
echo "Stop LVS of DR"
/sbin/ifconfig eth0:0 down
echo "0" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "0" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "0" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "0" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
sysctl -p > /dev/null 2>&1
;;
*)
echo "Usage:$0 {start|stop}"
exit 1
esac
将这个脚本分别在RS1和RS2上面执行
四、测试
确保主从Director 上都启动了keepalive服务，并且node节点上都执行了脚本后，进行下一步的测试。
首先在备用Director服务器上启动日志监控tailf /var/log/message，然后关闭主Director上的keealived服务，测试当主服务器down机，从服务器是否会接管服务。
[root@client ~]# tailf /var/log/messages
May 16 17:50:52 client Keepalived_vrrp[1546]: Registering gratuitous ARP shared channel
May 16 17:50:52 client Keepalived_healthcheckers[1545]: Configuration is using : 13986 Bytes
May 16 17:50:52 client Keepalived_vrrp[1546]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.
May 16 17:50:52 client Keepalived_vrrp[1546]: Configuration is using : 63007 Bytes
May 16 17:50:52 client Keepalived_vrrp[1546]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...
May 16 17:50:52 client Keepalived_healthcheckers[1545]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...
May 16 17:50:52 client Keepalived_healthcheckers[1545]: Activating healthchecker for service [192.168.30.113]:80
May 16 17:50:52 client Keepalived_healthcheckers[1545]: Activating healthchecker for service [192.168.30.114]:80
May 16 17:50:52 client Keepalived_vrrp[1546]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE
May 16 17:50:52 client Keepalived_vrrp[1546]: VRRP sockpool: [ifindex(2), proto(112), fd(10,11)]
从下面可以看到VIP已经飘到了该服务器上
[root@client ~]# ipvsadm
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 192.168.30.254:http rr persistent 50
-> 192.168.30.113:http Route 1 0 0
-> 192.168.30.114:http Route 1 0 0
[root@client ~]# ip addr list |grep eth0
2: eth0:
inet 192.168.30.106/24 brd 192.168.30.255 scope global eth0
inet 192.168.30.254/32 scope global eth0
查看日志可以看到：
May 16 17:50:52 client Keepalived_vrrp[1546]: VRRP sockpool: [ifindex(2), proto(112), fd(10,11)]
May 16 17:52:06 client Keepalived_vrrp[1546]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE
May 16 17:52:07 client Keepalived_vrrp[1546]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE
May 16 17:52:07 client Keepalived_vrrp[1546]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs.
May 16 17:52:07 client Keepalived_vrrp[1546]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 192.168.30.254
May 16 17:52:07 client Keepalived_healthcheckers[1545]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.30.254 added
May 16 17:52:07 client avahi-daemon[1076]: Registering new address record for 192.168.30.254 on eth0.IPv4.
May 16 17:52:12 client Keepalived_vrrp[1546]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 192.168.30.254
恢复主服务器上的keepalived服务，查看日志：
Last login: Thu May 16 17:52:30 2013 from 192.168.30.1
[root@client ~]# tailf /var/log/messages
May 16 17:54:02 client Keepalived_vrrp[1546]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Received higher prio advert
May 16 17:54:02 client Keepalived_vrrp[1546]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE
May 16 17:54:02 client Keepalived_vrrp[1546]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) removing protocol VIPs.
May 16 17:54:02 client Keepalived_healthcheckers[1545]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.30.254 removed
May 16 17:54:02 client avahi-daemon[1076]: Withdrawing address record for 192.168.30.254 on eth0.
可以看到VIP又飘回了主Director服务器
至此，lvs+keepalive 完成！
相关软件包下载地址：
http://down.51cto.com/data/793964