A MicroRNA Superfamily Regulates Nucleotide Binding Site–Leucine-Rich Repeats and Other mRNAs
1.背景：MicroRNAs (miRNAs):21 to 24 nucleotides long and processed by a Dicer nuclease from long RNAprecursors with base paired foldback structures (Baulcombe, 2004). Thesingle-stranded form of the miRNA forms a ribonucleoprotein complex withArgonaute (AGO) that can bind by base pairing to a target RNA
2.结论：
1) 当病菌入侵植物时，miRNA或者siRNA介导抗病蛋白（NBS-LRR proteins）相关mRNA的沉默会减弱，产生更多的抗病蛋白以抵御病菌入侵。正常情况下，维持一个较低的抗病蛋白水平(Costs and Benefits)。
2) Several of the bacterialeffectors of disease are suppressor of RNA silencing.
3) Truncated genes for NBS-LRRproteins in plant:Their transcripts could sequester miR482/2118 and thereby fine-tunethe suppression of NBS-LRR mRNAs.
3.日积月累：
tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)
versatile: [ˈvɜːrsətl] adj.多才多艺的；通用的，万能的；多面手的
subtle: [ˈsʌtl] adj.微妙的；精细的；敏感的；狡猾的；稀薄的
dampen: [ˈdæmpən] vt.抑制；使…沮丧；使…潮湿 . 潮湿；丧气
plasmodesma:[,plæzmə'dɛzmə] [细胞] 胞间连丝(plasmodesmata:plasmodesma复数形式）
asymmetrical: [,esɪ'mɛtrɪkl] adj非对称的；不匀称的，不对等的
potent: ['potnt] adj.有效的；强有力的，有权势的；有说服力的
比较级:more potent; 最高级:most potent
Potentiate：[pə(ʊ)'tenʃɪeɪt] vt.加强；赋与力量 n. 统治者
The increased NBS-LRR proteins in infectedcells would also potentiate effector-mediated immunity due to secondaryinfection.
Speculation: [ˌspekjuˈleɪʃn] n.投机；推测；思索；投机买卖
Envision:[ɪnˈvɪʒn] vt.想象；预想
1.Weenvision thatplants would benefit from low levels ofNBS[1]LRRproteins due to miR482/2118 if infection pressure is low or if they have otherlayers of defense against pathogens.
2. Wespeculate that the variation in the sequencesand expression level of the miR482/2118 superfamily (Figures 1 and 2) is likelyto reflect the shift inthe balance of the costs and benefitsin different plants depending on the environment and otherdefense systems.