python封装常用系统命令
python写的系统常用命令，linux和windows通用，用的时候直接from util import *导入即可使用，很方便
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# 通用功能类封装
import os,time,sys,string,urllib,httplib,shutil,platform,tarfile
from commands import getstatusoutput as getso
from ConfigParser import *
def hostname(host_name):
'''''
linux适用
hostname封装，修改主机名。
'''
str_cmd = "/bin/sed -i 's/HOSTNAME/#&/;$a HOSTNAME=%s' /etc/sysconfig/network;/bin/hostname %s" % (host_name,host_name)
status, result = getso(str_cmd)
wr_log(str_cmd, status, result)
def md5sum(file_name):
'''''
md5sum封装，获取文件的md5值
'''
if os.path.isfile(file_name):
f = open(file_name,'rb')
py_ver = sys.version[:3]
if py_ver == "2.4":
import md5 as hashlib
else:
import hashlib
md5 = hashlib.md5(f.read()).hexdigest()
f.close()
return md5
else:
return 0
def md5(file_name):
'''''
linux适用
md5sum -c 封装，校验md5文件，返回校验成功或失败状态
'''
str_cmd="/usr/bin/md5sum -c %s" % file_name
status,result=getso(str_cmd)
return status
def grep(s_str, file_name):
'''''
grep封装，查找文件中关键字，有则返回所在行，否则返回空字符串。
'''
try:
fd = open(file_name)
content = fd.read()
result = ""
if content.find(s_str) != -1:
for line in content.split("\n"):
if line.find(s_str) != -1:
result = result + line + "\n"
return result.strip()
except Exception, e:
wr_log("grep %s %s" % (s_str, file_nsme), 1, e)
def rwconf(type, file_name, section, option, s_str=""):
'''''
读取标准的ini格式配置文件，type可为以下值：
get 获取section下的option的值，值为字符串；
getint 获取section下的option的值，值为数字；
modi 修改section下的option的值，并保存；
del 删除section下的option，并保存。
注：option严格区分大小写
'''
try:
if type == "get" or type == "getint":
cf = ConfigParser()
else:
cf = ConfParser()
cf.read(file_name)
if type == "get":
return cf.get(section, option)
elif type == "getint":
return cf.getint(section, option)
elif type == "modi":
try:
cf.set(section, option, s_str)
cf.write(open(file_name, "w"))
wr_log("modify %s for %s" % (option, file_name))
except Exception, e:
wr_log("modify %s for %s" % (option, file_name), 1, str(e))
elif type == "del":
try:
cf.remove_option(section, option)
cf.write(open(file_name, "w"))
wr_log("del %s for %s" % (option, file_name))
except Exception, e:
wr_log("del %s for %s" % (option, file_name), 1, str(e))
except Exception, e:
wr_log("read %s for %s" % (option, file_name), 1, str(e))
def chkconfig(type, svr_name, switch=""):
'''''
linux适用
chkconfig封装，根据传入的type参数执行相应操作，type可以为以下几种：
add 添加服务至启动项；
del 从启动项删除服务；
数字 指定运行级别的服务开启或关闭。
type及svr_name为必需的参数。
例子：
开启运行级别3的sshd服务：chkconfig("3", "sshd", "on")
'''
if type != "add" and type != "del":
type = "--level %s" % str(type)
str_cmd = "/sbin/chkconfig %s %s %s" % (type, svr_name, switch)
status, result = getso(str_cmd)
wr_log(str_cmd, status, result)
def passwd(user_name,newpass):
'''''
passwd封装，修改用户密码
'''
os_type = platform.system()
if os_type == "Linux":
str_cmd = "echo '%s' | passwd %s --stdin" % (newpass, user_name)
status, result = getso(str_cmd)
wr_log(str_cmd, status, result)
elif os_type == "Windows":
try:
if os.system('net user %s "%s" ' %(user_name,newpass)) == 0:
wr_log("modify passwd for %s " % user_name)
elif os.system('net user %s "%s" ' %(user_name,newpass)) == 2:
raise Exception, "user %s isnot exists" % user_name
except Exception,e:
wr_log("modify passwd for %s " % user_name, 1, e)
def echo(str, file_name):
'''''
linux适用
echo封装，添加字符串到文件尾部
'''
str_cmd = "/bin/echo '%s' >> %s" % (str, file_name)
status, result = getso(str_cmd)
wr_log(str_cmd, status, result)
def upload(localfiles, remotepath, host="xxx", username="xxx", password="xxxx"):
'''''
上传文件至ftp服务器，默认上传至208FTP，如要上传至其它FTP服务器，请指定host/user/pass
例：
upload("a.txt,b.txt", "/test/")
上传a.txt、b.txt文件到208的test目录下
'''
import base64
from ftplib import FTP
try:
localfiles = localfiles.split(",")
f =FTP(host)
f.login(username,password)
f.cwd(remotepath)
for localfile in localfiles:
fd = open(localfile,'rb')
f.storbinary('STOR %s' % os.path.basename(localfile),fd)
fd.close()
f.quit()
wr_log("upload %s" % localfiles)
except Exception, e:
wr_log("upload %s" % localfiles, 1, e)
class ConfParser(RawConfigParser):
'''''
ConfigParser模块有一个缺陷,改写ini文件的某个section的某个option,写入ini文件后
ini文件的注释都丢掉了,并且option的大写字母都转换成了小写
为了保存ini文件的注释以及option的大小写，重写了write、set、optionxform等方法，由rwconf函数调用
'''
def write(self, fp):
"""Write an .ini-format representation of the configuration state.
write ini by line no
"""
if self._defaults:
section = DEFAULTSECT
lineno = self._location[section]
self._data[lineno] = "[%s]\n" %section
for (key, value) in self._defaults.items():
if key != "__name__":
wholename = section + '_' + key #KVS
lineno = self._location[wholename]
self._data[lineno] = "%s = %s\n" %(key, str(value).replace('\n', '\n\t'))
for section in self._sections:
lineno = self._location[section]
self._data[lineno] = "[%s]\n" % section
for (key, value) in self._sections[section].items():
if key != "__name__":
wholename = section + '_' + key #KVS
lineno = self._location[wholename]
self._data[lineno] = "%s = %s\n" %(key, str(value).replace('\n', '\n\t'))
for line in self._data:
fp.write("%s"%line)
fp.close()
def _read(self, fp, fpname):
"""Parse a sectioned setup file.
When parsing ini file, store the line no in self._location
and store all lines in self._data
"""
self._location = {}
self._data = []
cursect = None # None, or a dictionary
optname = None
lineno = 0
e = None # None, or an exception
while True:
line = fp.readline()
self._data.append(line) #KVS
if not line:
break
lineno = lineno + 1
if line.strip() == '' or line[0] in '#;':
continue
if line.split(None, 1)[0].lower() == 'rem' and line[0] in "rR":
# no leading whitespace
continue
if line[0].isspace() and cursect is not None and optname:
value = line.strip()
if value:
cursect[optname] = "%s\n%s" % (cursect[optname], value)
else:
mo = self.SECTCRE.match(line)
if mo:
sectname = mo.group('header')
if sectname in self._sections:
cursect = self._sections[sectname]
elif sectname == DEFAULTSECT:
cursect = self._defaults
self._location[DEFAULTSECT] = lineno -1 #KVS
else:
cursect = {'__name__': sectname}
self._location[sectname] = lineno -1 #KVS
self._sections[sectname] = cursect
optname = None
elif cursect is None:
raise MissingSectionHeaderError(fpname, lineno, line)
else:
mo = self.OPTCRE.match(line)
if mo:
optname, vi, optval = mo.group('option', 'vi', 'value')
if vi in ('=', ':') and ';' in optval:
pos = optval.find(';')
if pos != -1 and optval[pos-1].isspace():
optval = optval[:pos]
optval = optval.strip()
if optval == '""':
optval = ''
optname = self.optionxform(optname.rstrip())
cursect[optname] = optval
if cursect == self._defaults:
wholename = DEFAULTSECT + '_' + optname #KVS
else:
wholename = cursect['__name__'] + '_' + optname #KVS
self._location[wholename] = lineno-1 #KVS
else:
if not e:
e = ParsingError(fpname)
e.append(lineno, repr(line))
if e:
raise e
def add_section(self, section):
"""Create a new section in the configuration.
Raise DuplicateSectionError if a section by the specified name
already exists.
"""
if section in self._sections:
raise DuplicateSectionError(section)
self._sections[section] = {}
linecount = len(self._data)
self._data.append('\n')
self._data.append('%s'%section)
self._location[section] = linecount + 1
def set(self, section, option, value):
"""Set an option."""
if not section or section == DEFAULTSECT:
sectdict = self._defaults
else:
try:
sectdict = self._sections[section]
except KeyError:
raise NoSectionError(section)
option = self.optionxform(option)
add = False
if not option in sectdict:
add = True
sectdict[self.optionxform(option)] = value
if add:
lineno = self._location[section]
self._data.append('')
idx = len(self._data)
while idx>lineno:
self._data[idx-1] = self._data[idx-2]
idx = idx-1
self._data[idx+1] = '%s = %s\n'%(option,value)
self._location[section+'_'+option]=idx+1
for key in self._location:
if self._location[key] > lineno:
self._location[key] = self._location[key] + 1
self._data[idx+1] = '%s = %s\n'%(option,value)
self._location[section+'_'+option]=idx+1
def remove_option(self, section, option):
"""Remove an option. """
if not section or section == DEFAULTSECT:
sectdict = self._defaults
else:
try:
sectdict = self._sections[section]
except KeyError:
raise NoSectionError(section)
option = self.optionxform(option)
existed = option in sectdict
if existed:
del sectdict[option]
wholename = section + '_' + option
lineno = self._location[wholename]
del self._location[wholename]
for key in self._location:
if self._location[key] > lineno:
self._location[key] = self._location[key] -1
del self._data[lineno]
return existed
def remove_section(self, section):
"""Remove a file section."""
existed = section in self._sections
if existed:
lstOpts = []
for option in self._sections[section]:
if option == '__name__':
continue
lstOpts.append(option)
for option in lstOpts:
self.remove_option(section,option)
del self._sections[section]
wholename = section
lineno = self._location[wholename]
del self._location[wholename]
for key in self._location:
if self._location[key] > lineno:
self._location[key] = self._location[key] -1
del self._data[lineno]
return existed
def optionxform(self, optionstr):
''''' 防止大小写转换'''
return optionstr