摘要：SuSE11sp3 64位操作系统、 MySQL5.5.60 rpm安装包
注：kingtry是我的主机名
一、环境准备
操作系统：SuSE版本11sp3，64位
kingtry:~ # uname -a Linux kingtry 3.0.76-0.11-default #1 SMP Fri Jun 14 08:21:43 UTC 2013 (ccab990) x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux kingtry:~ # cat /etc/SuSE-release SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 (x86_64) VERSION = 11 PATCHLEVEL = 3
二、检测是否安装过MySQL
kingtry:~ # rpm -qa | grep -i mysql libmysqlclient_r15-5.0.96-0.6.1 libqt4-sql-mysql-4.6.3-5.25.4 MySQL-client-community-5.1.73-1.sles11 MySQL-server-community-5.1.73-1.sles11
注意输出的MySQL-*，表示已经安装过。lib开头的可以忽略。
输入以下命令删除：
kingtry:~ #rpm -e MySQL-client-community-5.1.73-1.sles11 kingtry:~ #rpm -e MySQL-server-community-5.1.73-1.sles11
三、软件准备
MySQL-server-5.5.60-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm MySQL-client-5.5.60-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm
四、安装过程
kingtry:~ # rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.5.60-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm MySQL-client-5.5.60-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm warning: MySQL-server-5.5.60-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 5072e1f5 Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:MySQL-client ########################################### [ 50%] 2:MySQL-server ########################################### [100%] warning: user mysql does not exist - using root warning: group mysql does not exist - using root insserv: Service network is missed in the runlevels 4 to use service mysql mysql 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off 180620 17:57:38 [Note] Ignoring --secure-file-priv value as server is running with --bootstrap. 180620 17:57:38 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 5.5.60) starting as process 3576 ... 180620 17:57:39 [Note] Ignoring --secure-file-priv value as server is running with --bootstrap. 180620 17:57:39 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 5.5.60) starting as process 3583 ... PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER ! To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands: /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password' /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h kingtry password 'new-password' Alternatively you can run: /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation which will also give you the option of removing the test databases and anonymous user created by default. This is strongly recommended for production servers. See the manual for more instructions. Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/
五、安装完成
简单的安装过程，只需上面一个命令即可，当前版本root密码为空，可以使用mysql命令直接连接登陆。
注：默认安装之后mysql服务并没有自动启动
六、安装后配置之迁移数据库目录
rpm这种安装方式默认将数据文件安装到/var/lib/mysql这个目录下面，通常都需要迁移到其他目录下，如迁移到/data目录下
kingtry:~ # mkdir /data kingtry:~ # mv /var/lib/mysql /data
需要注意的是，在此之前，mysql相关配置都是采用默认值。如果mysql所有选项都采用默认值，则即使没有my.cnf这个文件，服务也能正常启动。
但是，我们修改了数据文件的路径，那就要在my.cnf中指定。
1，复制my.cnf模板文件
模板文件在/usr/share/mysql目录下，有多个，复制其中任意一个
kingtry:~ # cp /usr/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
修改相关参数，主要是socket, datadir， 如下：
# Example MySQL config file for medium systems. # # This is for a system with little memory (32M - 64M) where MySQL plays # an important part, or systems up to 128M where MySQL is used together with # other programs (such as a web server) # # MySQL programs look for option files in a set of # locations which depend on the deployment platform. # You can copy this option file to one of those # locations. For information about these locations, see: # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html # # In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports. # If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program # with the "--help" option. # The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients [client] #password = your_password port = 3306 socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock default-character-set=utf8 # Here follows entries for some specific programs # The MySQL server [mysqld] port = 3306 datadir = /data/mysql socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock character-set-server=utf8 pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid user = mysql lower_case_table_names=1 max_connections=1000 #bind-address = 127.0.0.1 #skip-name-resolve skip-external-locking key_buffer_size = 16M max_allowed_packet = 1M table_open_cache = 64 sort_buffer_size = 512K net_buffer_length = 8K read_buffer_size = 256K read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M # Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement, # if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host. # All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes. # Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows # (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless! # #skip-networking # Replication Master Server (default) # binary logging is required for replication log-bin=/data/mysql/mysql-bin # binary logging format - mixed recommended binlog_format=mixed # required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1 # defaults to 1 if master-host is not set # but will not function as a master if omitted server-id = 1 # Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this) # # To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between # two methods : # # 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) - # the syntax is: # # CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=, MASTER_PORT= , # MASTER_USER= , MASTER_PASSWORD= ; # # where you replace , , by quoted strings and # by the master's port number (3306 by default). # # Example: # # CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306, # MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret'; # # OR # # 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then # start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example # if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to # connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later # change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and # overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown # the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server. # For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched # (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above) # # required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1 # (and different from the master) # defaults to 2 if master-host is set # but will not function as a slave if omitted #server-id = 2 # # The replication master for this slave - required #master-host = # # The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting # to the master - required #master-user = # # The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to # the master - required #master-password = # # The port the master is listening on. # optional - defaults to 3306 #master-port = # # binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended #log-bin=mysql-bin # Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables #innodb_data_home_dir = /var/lib/mysql #innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend #innodb_log_group_home_dir = /var/lib/mysql # You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 % # of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high #innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M #innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M # Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size #innodb_log_file_size = 5M #innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M #innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 #innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50 slow_query_log = 1 long_query_time = 10 log-queries-not-using-indexes log-error=/data/mysql/mysql.err expire-logs-days = 10 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 16M [mysql] no-auto-rehash # Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL #safe-updates [myisamchk] key_buffer_size = 20M sort_buffer_size = 20M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout
七、启动mysql服务即可
kingtry:~ # service mysql start done Starting MySQL. done kingtry:~ #
检查MySQL服务是否已经启动：
kingtry:~ # netstat -nat | grep 3306
八、安装后配置之root密码修改
默认情况下root密码为空，这在生产环境下肯定不行的。修改root密码的方式有以下两种，随便哪个都行：
1、命令方式（注：首次修改密码，修改前密码为空）
kingtry:~ # mysqladmin -u root password 'root123'
要注意如果执行以上步骤之后root密码已经不为空，如果此时想再次修改root密码，上面命令就不行了，需要用到下面的命令：
kingtry:~ # mysqladmin -u root -p password 'root1234' Enter password:
这是交互式方式修改，输入的当前密码，password参数后面跟随的是想要修改成的密码
2、修改库表数据方式
先登陆mysql服务器
mysql> use mysql
mysql> update user set password=password('root123') where user='root';
mysql> commit;
九、防火墙允许3306端口
kingtry:~ # vi /etc/sysconfig/SuSEfirewall2
在FW_SERVICES_EXT_TCP增加3306端口，如果存在其他端口，则空格隔开，如：
FW_SERVICES_EXT_TCP="21 22 3306"
重启防火墙：
# rcSuSEfirewall2 restart
十、设置远程访问
先登陆mysql服务器，授权root用户可以远程登陆
mysql> grant all PRIVILEGES on *.* to root@'%' identified by 'root123'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql>
注：生产环境最好只允许root在特定IP的机器上才能远程访问。