centos7.3 yum LNMP 环境配置

服务器配置太低,装了gitlab后挂了,重新配置一下。

一、挂载数据盘

df -h
centos7.3 yum LNMP 环境配置_第1张图片

只有系统盘了,挂载上原来的数据盘

fdisk -l
centos7.3 yum LNMP 环境配置_第2张图片

看到数据盘了/dev/vdb1
挂载上这个数据盘,

mkdir /data
mount /dev/vdb1 /data
centos7.3 yum LNMP 环境配置_第3张图片

然后写入分区:

echo '/dev/vdb1 /data ext4 defaults 0 0' >> /etc/fstab

不写入分区表,重启后又要挂载的。
怎么知道分区类型是ext4,用这个命令:

df -hT

好的成功了!

二、安装nginx

首先更新系统软件

# yum update

安装nginx

1.安装nginx源

# yum localinstall http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm

2.安装nginx

# yum install nginx

3.启动nginx

# service nginx start

Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start  nginx.service

4.访问http://你的ip/

如果成功安装会出来nginx默认的欢迎界面


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三、安装MySQL5.7.*

1.安装mysql源

# yum localinstall http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm

2.安装mysql

# yum install mysql-community-server

3.安装mysql的开发包,以后会有用

# yum install mysql-community-devel

4.启动mysql

# service mysqld start

Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start  mysqld.service

5.查看mysql启动状态

# service mysqld status

出现pid
证明启动成功

6.获取mysql默认生成的密码

# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

选中的就是密码。

7.换成自己的密码

# mysql -uroot -p

Enter password:输入上页的密码,进入mysql

8. 更换密码

1

mysql>  ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPasdfs4!';

这个密码一定要足够复杂,不然会不让你改,提示密码不合法;

9.退出mysql并试用下新密码

mysql> quit;mysql -uroot -p

确认密码正确

四、编译安装php7.0.0

1.下载php7源码包

# cd /root & wget -O php7.tar.gz http://cn2.php.net/get/php-7.0.1.tar.gz/from/this/mirror

2.解压源码包

# tar -xvf php7.tar.gz

3.进入目录

# cd php-7.0.1

4.安装php依赖包

# yum install libxml2 libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libcurl libcurl-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel gmp gmp-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel readline readline-devel libxslt libxslt-devel

5.编译配置,这里如果上一步的某些依赖包没有安装好,就会遇到很多configure error,我们一一解决,安装上相关软件开发包就可以

# ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-config-file-path=/etc \
--enable-fpm \
--with-fpm-user=nginx \
--with-fpm-group=nginx \
--enable-inline-optimization \
--disable-debug \
--disable-rpath \
--enable-shared \
--enable-soap \
--with-libxml-dir \
--with-xmlrpc \
--with-openssl \
--with-mcrypt \
--with-mhash \
--with-pcre-regex \
--with-sqlite3 \
--with-zlib \
--enable-bcmath \
--with-iconv \
--with-bz2 \
--enable-calendar \
--with-curl \
--with-cdb \
--enable-dom \
--enable-exif \
--enable-fileinfo \
--enable-filter \
--with-pcre-dir \
--enable-ftp \
--with-gd \
--with-openssl-dir \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-zlib-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--enable-gd-native-ttf \
--enable-gd-jis-conv \
--with-gettext \
--with-gmp \
--with-mhash \
--enable-json \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-mbregex \
--enable-mbregex-backtrack \
--with-libmbfl \--with-onig \
--enable-pdo \
--with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
--with-zlib-dir \
--with-pdo-sqlite \
--with-readline \
--enable-session \
--enable-shmop \
--enable-simplexml \
--enable-sockets \
--enable-sysvmsg \
--enable-sysvsem \
--enable-sysvshm \
--enable-wddx \
--with-libxml-dir \
--with-xsl \
--enable-zip \
--enable-mysqlnd-compression-support \
--with-pear \
--enable-opcache

configure error:
1.configure: error: xml2-config not found. Please check your libxml2 installation.
解决:

# yum install libxml2 libxml2-devel

2.configure: error: Cannot find OpenSSL's
解决:

# yum install openssl openssl-devel

3.configure: error: Please reinstall the BZip2 distribution
解决:

# yum install bzip2 bzip2-devel

4.configure: error: Please reinstall the libcurl distribution - easy.h should be in /include/curl/
解决:

# yum install libcurl libcurl-devel

5.If configure fails try --with-webp-dir=

configure: error: jpeglib.h not found.

解决:

# yum install libjpeg libjpeg-devel

6.If configure fails try --with-webp-dir=


checking for jpeg_read_header in -ljpeg... yes
configure: error: png.h not found.
解决:

# yum install libpng libpng-devel

7.If configure fails try --with-webp-dir=


checking for jpeg_read_header in -ljpeg... yes
checking for png_write_image in -lpng... yes
If configure fails try --with-xpm-dir=
configure: error: freetype-config not found.
解决:

# yum install freetype freetype-devel

8.configure: error: Unable to locate gmp.h
解决:

# yum install gmp gmp-devel

9.configure: error: mcrypt.h not found. Please reinstall libmcrypt.
解决:

  # yum install libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel

10.configure: error: Please reinstall readline - I cannot find readline.h
解决:

# yum install readline readline-devel

11.configure: error: xslt-config not found. Please reinstall the libxslt >= 1.1.0 distribution
解决:

# yum install libxslt libxslt-devel

6.编译与安装

# make && make install

这里要make好久,要耐心一下

7.添加 PHP 命令到环境变量

# vim /etc/profile

在末尾加入

PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/php/bin
export PATH

要使改动立即生效执行

# source /etc/profile

查看环境变量

# echo $PATH

查看php版本

# php -v

8.配置php-fpm

# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini

# cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf# cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm

# chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm

9.启动php-fpm

# /etc/init.d/php-fpm start

五、配置nginx虚拟机,绑定域名

1.添加配置文件

# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/www.chaisz.xyz.conf

这里可以把www.chaisz.xyz改成自己的域名

把下面的内容复制到www.chaisz.xyz.conf里

server{
    listen 80;
    server_name  www.chaisz.xyz;
    root /data/www/; # 该项要修改为你准备存放相关网页的路径
    location / {
        index  index.php index.html index.htm;
         #如果请求既不是一个文件,也不是一个目录,则执行一下重写规则
         if (!-e $request_filename)
         {
            #地址作为将参数rewrite到index.php上。
            rewrite ^/(.*)$ /index.php/$1;
            #若是子目录则使用下面这句,将subdir改成目录名称即可。
            #rewrite ^/subdir/(.*)$ /subdir/index.php/$1;
         }
    }
    #proxy the php scripts to php-fpm
    location ~ \.php {
            include fastcgi_params;
            ##pathinfo支持start
            #定义变量 $path_info ,用于存放pathinfo信息
            set $path_info "";
            #定义变量 $real_script_name,用于存放真实地址
            set $real_script_name $fastcgi_script_name;
           #如果地址与引号内的正则表达式匹配
            if ($fastcgi_script_name ~ "^(.+?\.php)(/.+)$") {
                    #将文件地址赋值给变量 $real_script_name
                    set $real_script_name $1;
                    #将文件地址后的参数赋值给变量 $path_info
                    set $path_info $2;
            }
            #配置fastcgi的一些参数
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$real_script_name;
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $real_script_name;
            fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $path_info;
            ###pathinfo支持end
        fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
    }

    location ^~ /data/runtime {
    return 404;
    }
    location ^~ /application {
    return 404;
    }

    location ^~ /simplewind {
    return 404;
    }
}
#************如果不需要支持https,以下内容不需要***********
#************支持https需要ssl证书 
server {
    listen 443;
    server_name localhost;
    ssl on;
    root /data/www/;
    index index.html index.htm;
    ssl_certificate   /etc/nginx/ssl/214052098260625.pem;
    ssl_certificate_key  /etc/nginx/ssl/214052098260625.key;
    ssl_session_timeout 5m;
    ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE:ECDH:AES:HIGH:!NULL:!aNULL:!MD5:!ADH:!RC4;
    ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
    location / {
        index  index.php index.html index.htm;
         #如果请求既不是一个文件,也不是一个目录,则执行一下重写规则
         if (!-e $request_filename)
         {
            #地址作为将参数rewrite到index.php上。
            rewrite ^/(.*)$ /index.php/$1;
            #若是子目录则使用下面这句,将subdir改成目录名称即可。
            #rewrite ^/subdir/(.*)$ /subdir/index.php/$1;
         }
    }
    #proxy the php scripts to php-fpm
    location ~ \.php {
            include fastcgi_params;
            ##pathinfo支持start
            #定义变量 $path_info ,用于存放pathinfo信息
            set $path_info "";
            #定义变量 $real_script_name,用于存放真实地址
            set $real_script_name $fastcgi_script_name;
            #如果地址与引号内的正则表达式匹配
            if ($fastcgi_script_name ~ "^(.+?\.php)(/.+)$") {
                    #将文件地址赋值给变量 $real_script_name
                    set $real_script_name $1;
                    #将文件地址后的参数赋值给变量 $path_info
                    set $path_info $2;
            }
            #配置fastcgi的一些参数
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$real_script_name;
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $real_script_name;
            fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $path_info;
            ###pathinfo支持end
        fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
    }

    location ^~ /data/runtime {
    return 404;
    }

    location ^~ /application {
    return 404;
    }

    location ^~ /simplewind {
    return 404;
    }
    #******************如果不需要支持https,以上内容不需要
}

2.重启nginx

# service nginx reload

3.测试脚本

# vim /data/www/index.php

把下面的代码复制到这个文件 里

4.查看访问http://www.chaisz.xyz 和 https://www.chaisz.xyz

ok!收工!

MySQL密码忘记解决方法

  1. vim /etc/my.cnf 加入skip-grant-tables
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屏幕快照 2017-09-22 下午7.33.34.png
  1. service mysqld restart

  2. mysql -u root -p 直接进入mysql

  3. update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('root') where user='root' ;

  4. 编辑my.cnf文件删掉skip-grant-tables 这一行,然后重启MySQL,/etc/init.d/mysqld restart,否则MySQL仍能免密码登录

  5. mysql -u root -p
    然后输入密码即可登录MySQL数据库

mysql创建远程用户并授权

先用ssh登录远程服务器,用root连上数据库看看情况;

mysql> select Host,User,authentication_string from mysql.user;
+----------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| Host           | User             | Password                                  |
+----------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| localhost      | root             | *836E233974EBE6EA32F95F890A91363F8427F78B |
| iz94926clkiz   | root             | *836E233974EBE6EA32F95F890A91363F8427F78B |
| 127.0.0.1      | root             | *836E233974EBE6EA32F95F890A91363F8427F78B |
| ::1            | root             | *836E233974EBE6EA32F95F890A91363F8427F78B |
| localhost      | debian-sys-maint | *1460ED3535ABDBB887F9E5F57F40A2354610CDF3 |
+----------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------+
rows in set (0.00 sec)

一共有5个mysql账号,Host列可以看出来,这些账号都只支持服务器本机连接,现在我们来创建一个远程用户;

create user test identified by '123456';
+----------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| Host           | User             | Password                                  |
+----------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| localhost      | root             | *836E283974EBE6EA32F95F890A91363F8427F78B |
| iz949s6clkiz   | root             | *836E283974EBE6EA32F95F890A91363F8427F78B |
| 127.0.0.1      | root             | *836E283974EBE6EA32F95F890A91363F8427F78B |
| ::1            | root             | *836E283974EBE6EA32F95F890A91363F8427F78B |
| localhost      | debian-sys-maint | *1460ED35E5ABDBB887F9E5F57F40A2354610CDF3 |
| %              | test             | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
+----------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------+
rows in set (0.00 sec)

创建完成了,在程序里面连接发现还是没有权限,刚才我们只是创建了用户,还没有对这个用户分配权限;

grant all privileges on *.* to 'test'@'%'identified by '123456' with grant option;

all代表接受所有操作,比如 select,insert,delete....; . 代表所有库下面的所有表;% 代表这个用户允许从任何地方登录;为了安全,这个%可以替换为你允许的ip地址;

然后刷新mysql用户权限相关表;

flush privileges ;

到这里就可以收工了。如果还是连不上去:access deny ;
可以看一下mysql配置文件 vim /etc/my.cnf 看是否有下面这行,

bind-address           = 127.0.0.1

这里mysql默认绑定了本地ip,不接受其他来源;注释掉,重启mysql 一切OK;

还有两个常用操作;

修改指定用户密码

update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('新密码') where User="test" and Host="localhost";

删除用户

delete from user where User='test' and Host='localhost';

原文链接

参考链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/codeAB/p/6391022.html

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