撤销修改

1.未 git add 的修改

先在在 readme.txt 中添加如下内容:

Git is a distributed version control system.
Git is free software distributed under the GPL.
Git has a mutable index called stage.
Git tracks changes of files.
My stupid boss still prefers SVN.

git status 查看一下:

$ git status
On branch master
Changes not staged for commit:
  (use "git add ..." to update what will be committed)
  (use "git checkout -- ..." to discard changes in working directory)

        modified:   readme.txt

no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")

可以发现,Git 会告诉你,git checkout -- file 可以丢弃工作区的修改:

$ git checkout -- readme.txt

命令 git checkout -- readme.txt 意思就是,把 readme.txt 文件在工作区的修改全部撤销,这里有两种情况:

一种是 readme.txt 自修改后还没有被放到暂存区,现在,撤销修改就回到和版本库一模一样的状态;

一种是 readme.txt 已经添加到暂存区后,又作了修改,现在,撤销修改就回到添加到暂存区后的状态。

总之,就是让这个文件回到最近一次 git commit 或 git add 时的状态。




2.已 git add 的修改

假如修改了 readme.txt,并且执行了 git add 命令:

Git is a distributed version control system.
Git is free software distributed under the GPL.
Git has a mutable index called stage.
Git tracks changes of files.
My stupid boss still prefers SVN.
$ git add readme.txt

现在该怎么撤回修改呢?我们先用 git status 查看一下,修改只是添加到了暂存区,还没有提交:

$ git status
On branch master
Changes to be committed:
  (use "git reset HEAD ..." to unstage)

        modified:   readme.txt

Git 同样告诉我们,用命令 git reset HEAD file 可以把暂存区的修改撤销掉(unstage),重新放回工作区:

$ git reset HEAD readme.txt
Unstaged changes after reset:
M       readme.txt

git reset 命令既可以回退版本,也可以把暂存区的修改回退到工作区。当我们用 HEAD 时,表示最新的版本。

再用 git status 查看一下,现在暂存区是干净的,工作区有修改:

$ git status
On branch master
Changes not staged for commit:
  (use "git add ..." to update what will be committed)
  (use "git checkout -- ..." to discard changes in working directory)

        modified:   readme.txt

no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")

最后我们撤回工作区的修改:

$ git checkout -- readme.txt

你可能感兴趣的:(撤销修改)