SpringMVC(八)数据验证异常统一处理

根据上一章,我们了解到SpringMvc提供了@Valid,使我们非常方便的进行后台验证。例如:

import javax.validation.Valid;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import org.springframework.validation.DataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 
@Controller
public class UserController {
   
    @InitBinder
    public void initBinder(DataBinder binder) {
       binder.setValidator(new UserValidator());
    }
 
    @RequestMapping("login")
    public String login(@Valid User user, BindingResult result) {
       if (result.hasErrors())
           return "redirect:user/login";
       return "redirect:/";
    }
   
}

如上段代码所示,方法参数加上@Valid注解后,后面必须紧跟着一个BindingResultError参数,有多少个验证参数就得加几个BindingResult,这是SpringMVC里用着让人最不爽的地方。
如果在方法中不加BindingResult参数,则验证失败后会抛出异常。那么我们就可以用一个统一的拦截器统一处理验证异常。这样我们就可以将验证失败处理交给框架去做,而不用在业务模块加验证处理方法。实现代码如下:

package org.springframework.samples.mvc;

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;

import org.springframework.mvc.extensions.ajax.AjaxUtils;
import org.springframework.validation.BindException;
import org.springframework.validation.FieldError;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.WebRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * 统一处理验证失败异常
 * 使用此切片后@Valid注解验证的参数后不用再加Errors或Bindingesult
 * @author yg.huang
 * @version v1.0
 *          DATE  2016/11/25
 */
@ControllerAdvice
public class ValidateControllerAdvice {
    Logger logger=Logger.getLogger(ValidateControllerAdvice.class);
    /**
     * bean校验未通过异常
     *
     * @see javax.validation.Valid
     * @see org.springframework.validation.Validator
     * @see org.springframework.validation.DataBinder
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(BindException.class)
    public String validExceptionHandler(BindException e, WebRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {

        List fieldErrors=e.getBindingResult().getFieldErrors();
        for (FieldError error:fieldErrors){
            logger.error(error.getField()+":"+error.getDefaultMessage());
        }
        request.setAttribute("fieldErrors",fieldErrors,WebRequest.SCOPE_REQUEST);
        if(AjaxUtils.isAjaxRequest(request)){
            Map attrMap=new HashMap();
            String[] atrrNames=request.getAttributeNames(WebRequest.SCOPE_REQUEST);
            for(String attr:atrrNames){
                Object value=request.getAttribute(attr,WebRequest.SCOPE_REQUEST);
                if(value instanceof Serializable){
                    attrMap.put(attr,value);
                }

            }
            AjaxUtils.writeJson(attrMap,response);
            return null;
        }

        return "/validError";
    }


}

使用@ExceptionHandler(BindException.class)来注明此拦截器只处理数据绑定异常。可以从BindException中获取到哪些字段验证失败,然后将验证失败的字段集合放到request中,交给前台展示。这个ControllerAdvice可以处理两种请求,如果是普通请求则验证失败后跳转到validError.jsp,在这个jsp中输出失败的字段。如果是Ajax请求,则将失败字段转换成Json输出至response,交由前台处理。前台如果是Ajax提交,可以使用统一的Ajax提交方法,失败后alert出失败信息。下面给出AjaxUtil源码:

package org.springframework.mvc.extensions.ajax;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonEncoding;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonGenerator;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.WebRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class AjaxUtils {
    private  static Logger logger=Logger.getLogger(AjaxUtils.class);
    private  static  ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();


    /**
     * 验证是否是ajax请求
     * @param webRequest
     * @return
     */
    public static boolean isAjaxRequest(WebRequest webRequest) {
        String requestedWith = webRequest.getHeader("X-Requested-With");
        return requestedWith != null ? "XMLHttpRequest".equals(requestedWith) : false;
    }

    public static boolean isAjaxUploadRequest(WebRequest webRequest) {
        return webRequest.getParameter("ajaxUpload") != null;
    }
    public static  void writeJson(Object value, HttpServletResponse response){
        JsonGenerator jsonGenerator = null;
        try {
            jsonGenerator=mapper.getFactory().createGenerator(response.getOutputStream(), JsonEncoding.UTF8);
            if(jsonGenerator!=null){
                jsonGenerator.writeObject(value);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            logger.error(e);
        }


    }
    private AjaxUtils(){}

}

你可能感兴趣的:(SpringMVC(八)数据验证异常统一处理)