【JIRA】Backlog management 积压工作管理

We have collected some frequently asked questions about Backlog Management in JIRA Portfolio.
以下是在JIRA 组合管理功能中经常会被问到的积压工作管理问题

Themes
主题

Can you assign an entity to more than one theme?
可以分配一个条目给多个主题吗？

The general rule is that the lowest level entries in the hierarchy can only be assigned to one theme. Thus, stories can only be be assigned to a single theme. If an epic has several child stories assigned to different themes, the epic implictly is then assigned to multiple themes. If an epic does not have child stories, it can only be assigned to a single theme. The reason for this is that we want to report on resource allocation, thus it needs to be deterministic, to which theme an effort is assigned to in order to avoid start splitting up or double-counting efforts towards multiple themes.
一般的规则是最底层结构中的条目 只能分配给一个主题。因此，故事(用户情景)只能被分配到一个主题。如果一个史诗故事有几个子故事分配给不同的主题，然后史诗故事则意味着被分配给多个主题。如果一个史诗故事没有子故事，那么它只能分配给一个单一主题。原因是我们想要报告出在资源分配上的工作量情况,工作量主题分配是为了避免割裂或者在多个主题上重复计算工作量。

JIRA doesn't have a "theme" issue type by default. How do you add themes?
JIRA没有默认“主题”的问题类型。那么如何添加主题？

Themes are defined directly within the portfolio plan. Navigate to Reports > Themes to add or edit existing themes and define a target allocation of effort, which you want to compare with actuals.
主题默认定义在项目组合计划中。当导航到 报告>主题，可以添加或编辑现有的主题，还可以定义一个结合了你的绩效来进行比较的工作量分配目标。

Can initiatives contain multiple themes?
项目行动计划可以包含多个主题吗？

Yes. This is possible if an initiative consists of multiple epics and stories which are assigned to different themes. In this case, you'll see at the initiative level that the initiative contains multiple themes. If an initiative is not broken down into child items, then only a single theme can be assigned.
是的。如果一个项目包含多个分配给不同主题的史诗故事和用户故事，这是可能的。在这种情况下，您将看到在行动层面的计划包含多个主题。如果一个项目没有分解成子条目，那么只能分配给一个主题。

Work Item Hierarchy (Plans, Initiatives, Epics, Stories)
工作项目层次结构(计划、行动、史诗、故事)

Will there be additional levels of backlog categorization? How many levels are supported in the taxonomy?
在积压工作目录分类上会有额外的层级吗？到底支持多少级的分类？

With Portfolio, you first can have one or multiple portfolio plans, each plan
can be either cross-team/cross-project, or focused on one particular project. Within a plan, work items are structured into three actual levels of hierarchy:
Initiative > Epic > Story.
通过组合管理，你首先可以有一个或多个组合计划，每个计划可以是跨团队或者跨项目的，或者只是针对一个项目的。在一个项目内，实际工作的结构分为三层：行动计划-史诗故事-用户故事。

Below stories, you can have sub-tasks directly in JIRA. Subtasks are not explicitly represented in Portfolio, but they are considered for aggregated progress tracking and reporting. The structure is orthogonal to JIRA Projects, so you can pull data from multiple JIRA Projects into one portfolio plan. Additionally, the issues can be assigned to themes (which typically will represent higher-level business objectives or resource investment buckets). While themes are the highest-level items, they don't actually represent an extra level in the hierarchy since the items within an initiative can contribute to different themes.
在用户故事下面，可以直接添加子任务。子任务没有直接显示在组合管理中，但是他们被认为是可以聚合跟踪和报告。结构正交JIRA的项目,所以你可以把数据从多个JIRA项目到一个投资组合计划。

Backlog management