在进入正文前,我想把所有java可以实现的定时任务介绍一下,其实这个也是底层实现思路。
本教程大概目录:
- 线程等待实现定时任务
- 用Timer实现定时任务
- 用ScheduledExecutorService实现定时任务
- Quartz 定时任务框架单机应用
- spingboot2 整合 Scheduled
- spingboot2 整合 Quartz框架持久化定时任务
1. 线程等待实现定时任务
package com.fantj.myScheduled;
/**
* Created by Fant.J.
*/
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Thread thread = new Thread(()->{
while (true) {
System.out.println("假设我是个定时任务");
try {
Thread.sleep(1000 * 10); //线程休息十秒
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
}
}
大家看代码也能看出来,如果任务复杂时,是相当的麻烦,而且还存在内存泄露风险,而且是一发不可收拾(不可控)。
下面看一个相对简单的。
2. Timer
package com.fantj.myScheduled;
import java.util.Timer;
import java.util.TimerTask;
/**
* Created by Fant.J.
*/
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
TimerTask task = new TimerTask() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println("TimerTask is called!");
}
};
Timer timer = new Timer();
/*
* 参数:1、任务体 2、延时时间(可以指定执行日期)3、任务执行间隔时间
*/
timer.schedule(task, 0, 1000 * 3);
timer.scheduleAtFixedRate(task, 0, 1000 * 3);
}
}
注意上面timer调用的两个方法:
1、schedule,如果第一次执行被延时,随后的任务执行时间将以上一次任务实际执行完成的时间为准
2、scheduleAtFixedRate,如果第一次执行被延时,随后的任务执行时间将以上一次任务开始执行的时间为准(需考虑同步)
如果让我粗俗的讲,第一个是等任务进行完了才开始计时,第二个是任务开始运行的时候就计时。
那我们稍微瞄一眼 Timer底层实现
public void schedule(TimerTask task, Date firstTime, long period) {
if (period <= 0)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Non-positive period.");
sched(task, firstTime.getTime(), -period);
}
然后看看TimerTask类
public abstract class TimerTask implements Runnable {
public abstract void run();
...
}
大概也能看出来,也是线程实现。
Timer也有缺点:
多线程并行处理定时任务时,Timer运行多个TimeTask时,只要其中之一没有捕获抛出的异常,其它任务便会自动终止运行,使用ScheduledExecutorService则没有这个问题。
3. 那我们就来研究ScheduledExecutorService
package com.fantj.myScheduled;
/**
* Created by Fant.J.
*/
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Runnable runnable = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println("ScheduledExecutorService Task is called!");
}
};
ScheduledExecutorService service = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor();
// 参数:1、任务体 2、首次执行的延时时间
// 3、任务执行间隔 4、间隔时间单位
service.scheduleAtFixedRate(runnable, 0, 3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
}
这个。。就不多说实现原理了Executors线程池都出现了。
Quartz 定时任务框架
为什么会有定时任务框架呢,大家仔细观察前面的实现案例,没有一个定时任务是可控的,这对开发者来说特别不友好。Quartz就比较nb了,我带大家稍微看看它的一部分方法:
我先大概介绍下Quartz工作原理,JobDetail是写定时任务逻辑,Trigger是一个触发器,用来定义cron和执行次数等。
String getSchedulerName() throws SchedulerException;
String getSchedulerInstanceId() throws SchedulerException;
SchedulerContext getContext() throws SchedulerException;
void start() throws SchedulerException;
void startDelayed(int var1) throws SchedulerException;
boolean isStarted() throws SchedulerException;
void standby() throws SchedulerException;
boolean isInStandbyMode() throws SchedulerException;
void shutdown() throws SchedulerException;
void shutdown(boolean var1) throws SchedulerException;
boolean isShutdown() throws SchedulerException;
SchedulerMetaData getMetaData() throws SchedulerException;
List getCurrentlyExecutingJobs() throws SchedulerException;
void setJobFactory(JobFactory var1) throws SchedulerException;
ListenerManager getListenerManager() throws SchedulerException;
Date scheduleJob(JobDetail var1, Trigger var2) throws SchedulerException;
Date scheduleJob(Trigger var1) throws SchedulerException;
void scheduleJobs(Map> var1, boolean var2) throws SchedulerException;
void scheduleJob(JobDetail var1, Set extends Trigger> var2, boolean var3) throws SchedulerException;
boolean unscheduleJob(TriggerKey var1) throws SchedulerException;
boolean unscheduleJobs(List var1) throws SchedulerException;
Date rescheduleJob(TriggerKey var1, Trigger var2) throws SchedulerException;
void addJob(JobDetail var1, boolean var2) throws SchedulerException;
void addJob(JobDetail var1, boolean var2, boolean var3) throws SchedulerException;
boolean deleteJob(JobKey var1) throws SchedulerException;
boolean deleteJobs(List var1) throws SchedulerException;
void triggerJob(JobKey var1) throws SchedulerException;
void triggerJob(JobKey var1, JobDataMap var2) throws SchedulerException;
void pauseJob(JobKey var1) throws SchedulerException;
void pauseJobs(GroupMatcher var1) throws SchedulerException;
void pauseTrigger(TriggerKey var1) throws SchedulerException;
void pauseTriggers(GroupMatcher var1) throws SchedulerException;
void resumeJob(JobKey var1) throws SchedulerException;
void resumeJobs(GroupMatcher var1) throws SchedulerException;
void resumeTrigger(TriggerKey var1) throws SchedulerException;
void resumeTriggers(GroupMatcher var1) throws SchedulerException;
void pauseAll() throws SchedulerException;
void resumeAll() throws SchedulerException;
List getJobGroupNames() throws SchedulerException;
Set getJobKeys(GroupMatcher var1) throws SchedulerException;
List extends Trigger> getTriggersOfJob(JobKey var1) throws SchedulerException;
List getTriggerGroupNames() throws SchedulerException;
Set getTriggerKeys(GroupMatcher var1) throws SchedulerException;
Set getPausedTriggerGroups() throws SchedulerException;
JobDetail getJobDetail(JobKey var1) throws SchedulerException;
TriggerState getTriggerState(TriggerKey var1) throws SchedulerException;
void resetTriggerFromErrorState(TriggerKey var1) throws SchedulerException;
boolean interrupt(String var1) throws UnableToInterruptJobException;
boolean checkExists(JobKey var1) throws SchedulerException;
可以看到,基本上对定时任务的控制可以说是很全了。包括增删改查等。
下面是个实例,当然,你需要下载必要的依赖jar,这个可以自行百度下载一下,不做重点解释。
package com.fantj.myScheduled;
/**
* Created by Fant.J.
*/
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
Scheduler scheduler = StdSchedulerFactory.getDefaultScheduler();
scheduler.start();
JobDetail job = JobBuilder.newJob(Job.class)
.withIdentity("job", "group").build();
// 休眠时长可指定时间单位,此处使用秒作为单位(withIntervalInSeconds)
SimpleTrigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
.withIdentity("trigger", "group").startNow()
.withSchedule(simpleSchedule().withIntervalInSeconds(3).repeatForever())
.build();
scheduler.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
// scheduler.shutdown();
} catch (SchedulerException se) {
se.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
class Job implements org.quartz.Job {
@Override
public void execute(JobExecutionContext context) throws JobExecutionException {
System.out.println("Quartz task is called!");
}
}
spingboot2 整合 Scheduled
SpringBoot内置了定时任务Scheduled,操作可谓特别简单。
正常引入spring-boot-starter-web
依赖包即可实现。
Scheduled 第一步
再启动类上添加注解@EnableScheduling
package com.fantj;
@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("com.fantj.mapper")
@EnableScheduling //启动定时任务
public class MybatisApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(MybatisApplication.class, args);
}
}
Scheduled 第二步
写Task。即定时任务。
package com.fantj.myScheduled;
/**
* scheduled 定时任务类
* Created by Fant.J.
*/
@Component
public class Task {
@Scheduled(cron = "5 0 0 * * ?")
public void scheduledTask1(){
System.out.println("scheduledTask method run..");
}
@Scheduled(initialDelay = 1000 * 10,fixedDelay = 1000 * 5)
public void scheduledTask2(){
System.out.println("scheduledTask method run..");
}
@Scheduled(initialDelay = 1000 * 10,fixedDelay = 1000 * 5)
public void test() throws Exception {
for (int i = 0;i<20;i++){
new MailSender()
.title("FantJ给你发送的邮件")
.content("嘻嘻")
.contentType(MailContentTypeEnum.TEXT)
.targets(new ArrayList(){{
add("[email protected]");
}})
.send();
System.out.println("第"+i+"次发送成功!");
}
}
}
第三个方法是我写的发邮件的一个接口。可以参考我的一篇文章Java 发送qq邮件
我介绍下@Scheduled
注解的三(四)个属性:
cron: 懂点linux的都知道,没听说过的可以自己百度一下,不难。
fixedRate和fixedDelay: 这和Timer的两个方法(rate和delay)很相似,如果让我粗俗的讲,第一个是任务开始运行的时候就计时,第二个是等任务进行完了才开始计时。
initialDelay:该属性的作用是 设置第一次执行延迟时间 。需要配合fixedDelay、fixedRate、crom来使用。
新问题的思考
虽然上面的方式一直在改进,但是试想一种情况,如果正在执行定时任务的服务器挂掉,那该如何去寻找它之前执行了多少次呢。如果我们把定时任务持久化到数据库,像维护普通逻辑数据那样维护任务,就会避免项目中遇到的种种的特殊情况。
spingboot2 整合 Quartz框架持久化定时任务
提前声明啊,很麻烦,因为需要加入ioc管理(有部分注释,可尝试看懂),还需要创建quartz需要让我们创建的数据表。
之后就像玩单机(见上文:Quartz 定时任务框架单机应用)一样,玩quartz了。
1. 导入依赖
org.quartz-scheduler
quartz
org.quartz-scheduler
quartz-jobs
org.springframework
spring-context-support
提示,本项目是基于springboot2整合mybatic项目下:https://www.jianshu.com/p/c15094bd1965
2. Quartz 注入Spring IOC配置
QuartzConfiguration.java
package com.fantj.quartz;
/**
* quartz定时任务配置
* Created by Fant.J.
*/
@Configuration
@EnableScheduling
public class QuartzConfiguration
{
/**
* 继承org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SpringBeanJobFactory
* 实现任务实例化方式
*/
public static class AutowiringSpringBeanJobFactory extends SpringBeanJobFactory implements
ApplicationContextAware {
private transient AutowireCapableBeanFactory beanFactory;
@Override
public void setApplicationContext(final ApplicationContext context) {
beanFactory = context.getAutowireCapableBeanFactory();
}
/**
* 将job实例交给spring ioc托管
* 我们在job实例实现类内可以直接使用spring注入的调用被spring ioc管理的实例
* @param bundle
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
protected Object createJobInstance(final TriggerFiredBundle bundle) throws Exception {
final Object job = super.createJobInstance(bundle);
/**
* 将job实例交付给spring ioc
*/
beanFactory.autowireBean(job);
return job;
}
}
/**
* 配置任务工厂实例
* @param applicationContext spring上下文实例
* @return
*/
@Bean
public JobFactory jobFactory(ApplicationContext applicationContext)
{
/**
* 采用自定义任务工厂 整合spring实例来完成构建任务
* see {@link AutowiringSpringBeanJobFactory}
*/
AutowiringSpringBeanJobFactory jobFactory = new AutowiringSpringBeanJobFactory();
jobFactory.setApplicationContext(applicationContext);
return jobFactory;
}
/**
* 配置任务调度器
* 使用项目数据源作为quartz数据源
* @param jobFactory 自定义配置任务工厂
* @param dataSource 数据源实例
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
@Bean(destroyMethod = "destroy",autowire = Autowire.NO)
public SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactoryBean(JobFactory jobFactory, DataSource dataSource) throws Exception
{
SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactoryBean = new SchedulerFactoryBean();
//将spring管理job自定义工厂交由调度器维护
schedulerFactoryBean.setJobFactory(jobFactory);
//设置覆盖已存在的任务
schedulerFactoryBean.setOverwriteExistingJobs(true);
//项目启动完成后,等待2秒后开始执行调度器初始化
schedulerFactoryBean.setStartupDelay(2);
//设置调度器自动运行
schedulerFactoryBean.setAutoStartup(true);
//设置数据源,使用与项目统一数据源
schedulerFactoryBean.setDataSource(dataSource);
//设置上下文spring bean name
schedulerFactoryBean.setApplicationContextSchedulerContextKey("applicationContext");
//设置配置文件位置
schedulerFactoryBean.setConfigLocation(new ClassPathResource("/quartz.properties"));
return schedulerFactoryBean;
}
}
看代码倒数第二行,需要一个配置文件,那么...
quartz.properties配置
#调度器实例名称
org.quartz.scheduler.instanceName = quartzScheduler
#调度器实例编号自动生成
org.quartz.scheduler.instanceId = AUTO
#持久化方式配置
org.quartz.jobStore.class = org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTX
#持久化方式配置数据驱动,MySQL数据库
org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass = org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate
#quartz相关数据表前缀名
org.quartz.jobStore.tablePrefix = QRTZ_
#开启分布式部署
org.quartz.jobStore.isClustered = true
#配置是否使用
org.quartz.jobStore.useProperties = false
#分布式节点有效性检查时间间隔,单位:毫秒
org.quartz.jobStore.clusterCheckinInterval = 20000
#线程池实现类
org.quartz.threadPool.class = org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool
#执行最大并发线程数量
org.quartz.threadPool.threadCount = 10
#线程优先级
org.quartz.threadPool.threadPriority = 5
#配置为守护线程,设置后任务将不会执行
#org.quartz.threadPool.makeThreadsDaemons=true
#配置是否启动自动加载数据库内的定时任务,默认true
org.quartz.threadPool.threadsInheritContextClassLoaderOfInitializingThread = true
创建数据表
说出来你可能不信,它需要十一个数据表的支持。
#
# In your Quartz properties file, you'll need to set
# org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass = org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate
#
#
# By: Ron Cordell - roncordell
# I didn't see this anywhere, so I thought I'd post it here. This is the script from Quartz to create the tables in a MySQL database, modified to use INNODB instead of MYISAM.
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_FIRED_TRIGGERS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_PAUSED_TRIGGER_GRPS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_SCHEDULER_STATE;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_LOCKS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_SIMPLE_TRIGGERS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_SIMPROP_TRIGGERS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_CRON_TRIGGERS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_BLOB_TRIGGERS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_TRIGGERS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_CALENDARS;
CREATE TABLE QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS(
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
JOB_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
JOB_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
DESCRIPTION VARCHAR(250) NULL,
JOB_CLASS_NAME VARCHAR(250) NOT NULL,
IS_DURABLE VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL,
IS_NONCONCURRENT VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL,
IS_UPDATE_DATA VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL,
REQUESTS_RECOVERY VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL,
JOB_DATA BLOB NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,JOB_NAME,JOB_GROUP))
ENGINE=InnoDB;
CREATE TABLE QRTZ_TRIGGERS (
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
JOB_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
JOB_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
DESCRIPTION VARCHAR(250) NULL,
NEXT_FIRE_TIME BIGINT(13) NULL,
PREV_FIRE_TIME BIGINT(13) NULL,
PRIORITY INTEGER NULL,
TRIGGER_STATE VARCHAR(16) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_TYPE VARCHAR(8) NOT NULL,
START_TIME BIGINT(13) NOT NULL,
END_TIME BIGINT(13) NULL,
CALENDAR_NAME VARCHAR(200) NULL,
MISFIRE_INSTR SMALLINT(2) NULL,
JOB_DATA BLOB NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),
FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,JOB_NAME,JOB_GROUP)
REFERENCES QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS(SCHED_NAME,JOB_NAME,JOB_GROUP))
ENGINE=InnoDB;
CREATE TABLE QRTZ_SIMPLE_TRIGGERS (
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
REPEAT_COUNT BIGINT(7) NOT NULL,
REPEAT_INTERVAL BIGINT(12) NOT NULL,
TIMES_TRIGGERED BIGINT(10) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),
FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
REFERENCES QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP))
ENGINE=InnoDB;
CREATE TABLE QRTZ_CRON_TRIGGERS (
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
CRON_EXPRESSION VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
TIME_ZONE_ID VARCHAR(80),
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),
FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
REFERENCES QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP))
ENGINE=InnoDB;
CREATE TABLE QRTZ_SIMPROP_TRIGGERS
(
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
STR_PROP_1 VARCHAR(512) NULL,
STR_PROP_2 VARCHAR(512) NULL,
STR_PROP_3 VARCHAR(512) NULL,
INT_PROP_1 INT NULL,
INT_PROP_2 INT NULL,
LONG_PROP_1 BIGINT NULL,
LONG_PROP_2 BIGINT NULL,
DEC_PROP_1 NUMERIC(13,4) NULL,
DEC_PROP_2 NUMERIC(13,4) NULL,
BOOL_PROP_1 VARCHAR(1) NULL,
BOOL_PROP_2 VARCHAR(1) NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),
FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
REFERENCES QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP))
ENGINE=InnoDB;
CREATE TABLE QRTZ_BLOB_TRIGGERS (
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
BLOB_DATA BLOB NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),
INDEX (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME, TRIGGER_GROUP),
FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
REFERENCES QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP))
ENGINE=InnoDB;
CREATE TABLE QRTZ_CALENDARS (
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
CALENDAR_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
CALENDAR BLOB NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,CALENDAR_NAME))
ENGINE=InnoDB;
CREATE TABLE QRTZ_PAUSED_TRIGGER_GRPS (
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP))
ENGINE=InnoDB;
CREATE TABLE QRTZ_FIRED_TRIGGERS (
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
ENTRY_ID VARCHAR(95) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
INSTANCE_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
FIRED_TIME BIGINT(13) NOT NULL,
SCHED_TIME BIGINT(13) NOT NULL,
PRIORITY INTEGER NOT NULL,
STATE VARCHAR(16) NOT NULL,
JOB_NAME VARCHAR(200) NULL,
JOB_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NULL,
IS_NONCONCURRENT VARCHAR(1) NULL,
REQUESTS_RECOVERY VARCHAR(1) NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,ENTRY_ID))
ENGINE=InnoDB;
CREATE TABLE QRTZ_SCHEDULER_STATE (
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
INSTANCE_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
LAST_CHECKIN_TIME BIGINT(13) NOT NULL,
CHECKIN_INTERVAL BIGINT(13) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,INSTANCE_NAME))
ENGINE=InnoDB;
CREATE TABLE QRTZ_LOCKS (
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
LOCK_NAME VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,LOCK_NAME))
ENGINE=InnoDB;
CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_J_REQ_RECOVERY ON QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS(SCHED_NAME,REQUESTS_RECOVERY);
CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_J_GRP ON QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS(SCHED_NAME,JOB_GROUP);
CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_T_J ON QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,JOB_NAME,JOB_GROUP);
CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_T_JG ON QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,JOB_GROUP);
CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_T_C ON QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,CALENDAR_NAME);
CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_T_G ON QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP);
CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_T_STATE ON QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_STATE);
CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_T_N_STATE ON QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP,TRIGGER_STATE);
CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_T_N_G_STATE ON QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP,TRIGGER_STATE);
CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_T_NEXT_FIRE_TIME ON QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,NEXT_FIRE_TIME);
CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_T_NFT_ST ON QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_STATE,NEXT_FIRE_TIME);
CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_T_NFT_MISFIRE ON QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,MISFIRE_INSTR,NEXT_FIRE_TIME);
CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_T_NFT_ST_MISFIRE ON QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,MISFIRE_INSTR,NEXT_FIRE_TIME,TRIGGER_STATE);
CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_T_NFT_ST_MISFIRE_GRP ON QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,MISFIRE_INSTR,NEXT_FIRE_TIME,TRIGGER_GROUP,TRIGGER_STATE);
CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_FT_TRIG_INST_NAME ON QRTZ_FIRED_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,INSTANCE_NAME);
CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_FT_INST_JOB_REQ_RCVRY ON QRTZ_FIRED_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,INSTANCE_NAME,REQUESTS_RECOVERY);
CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_FT_J_G ON QRTZ_FIRED_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,JOB_NAME,JOB_GROUP);
CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_FT_JG ON QRTZ_FIRED_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,JOB_GROUP);
CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_FT_T_G ON QRTZ_FIRED_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP);
CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_FT_TG ON QRTZ_FIRED_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP);
commit;
好了,开始写定时任务业务
首先我们需要自定义一个Job的子类来写JobDetail
package com.fantj.quartz.notSpringFrame;
/**
* quartz增删改查方法
*/
public class MyJob implements Job {
public MyJob(){}
@Override
//把要执行的操作,写在execute方法中
public void execute(JobExecutionContext arg0) throws JobExecutionException
{
DateFormat df=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:SSS");
System.out.println("测试Quartz"+ df.format(Calendar.getInstance().getTime()));
}
}
其次,我在这里演示 如何再 ServiceImpl 里注入并使用 定时任务。
package com.fantj.service.impl;
/**
* Created by Fant.J.
*/
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
// 注入任务调度器
@Autowired
private Scheduler scheduler;
// 测试quartz 框架 定时任务
public void sendMail() throws Exception {
//设置开始时间为1分钟后
long startAtTime = System.currentTimeMillis() + 1000 * 60;
//任务名称
String name = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
//任务所属分组
String group = MyJob.class.getName();
//创建任务
JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(MyJob.class).withIdentity(name,group).build();
//创建任务触发器
Trigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity(name,group).startAt(new Date(startAtTime)).build();
//将触发器与任务绑定到调度器内
scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);
}
}
还是像在单机下玩quartz一样,需要传入两个对象(一个JobDetail,一个Trigger)任务详情和触发器。不懂的翻上文有做详细介绍。好了 此时我们启动项目,就可以看到控制台打印,并且数据库里quar_等表也自动填入了定时任务的信息。
我们大概只是完成了quartz的持久化,上文我们说过,quartz的亮点主要再对定时任务的可控性,那么如果需要再后台管理页面上完成 增删改查 定时任务。我推荐一个博客给大家,写的很好http://blog.csdn.net/u012907049/article/details/73801122
也谢谢这位作者。
最后谢谢大家,这篇文章挺长了。
介绍下我的所有文集:
流行框架
SpringCloud
springboot
nginx
redis
底层实现原理:
Java NIO教程
Java reflection 反射详解
Java并发学习笔录
Java Servlet教程
jdbc组件详解
Java NIO教程
Java语言/版本 研究