英语语法(第一季)Day10:情态动词与实义动词

动词分类:

1)实义动词:有具体意思,可单独做谓语;
如:eat,read,love

2)情态动词:有具体意思,不可单独做谓语,要搭配实义动词一起使用;
如:can,could,may,might,shall,will...

3)助动词:无具体意思,不可单独做谓语。
如:be,do,have

情态动词不能单独做谓语:

例:
I play basketball.------------------正确
I can play basketball.------------正确
I can basketball.------------------错误

注意:
A:Who can play basketball?
B:I can.

这里的I can只是一种省略,完整表达是:I can play basketball.

十大情态动词:

can,could
may,might
shall,should
will,would
must,had better

补充:
与情态动词意义作用相当的短语:
can--be able to
will--be going to
should--ought to/be supposed to
must--have to/have go to

半情态动词:
(可作情态动词,又可作实义动词)
need,dare

详解:

1.can,could:

基本意思:可以,能;
could是can的过去式

例:
I can play basketball.
I could play basketball , but now I can't.

另外:
1)可以表示判断
--what caused his cancer?
--It can be smoking.
--It could be smoking.

2)有时用could是为了让语气更委婉:
Can you help me?
could you please help me?

2.may,might:

基本意思:可能,也许

I may be busy romorrow.
我明天可能会很忙
You might be late if you don't leave now.
你现在不出发的话可能迟到哦。

3.will/would:

基本意思:将,将要
would是will的过去式

will表将来:

I will go there tomorrow.
我明天将要去那。

would使语气更委婉:

Would you wait for me?
你愿意等我吗?(表请求)
Will you wait for me?
你会等我吗?(表询问)
Would you go with me?
你愿意和我走吗?
I wish you would stay.
我希望你留下。

4.should:

基本意思:应该,应当
You should work hard.
另外:

表推断:
Dinner should be ready now.

It should be true.

5.must:

基本意思:必须
You must word hard.
另外:

表推断:
Dinner must be ready now.
It must be true.

注意:

表推断时,可能性大小排序(从高到低)

must>should>could>may>might

作业:

翻译:
1.明天我回来。
I will come back tomorrow.

2.你能帮我吗?
Could you please help me?

3.我会踢足球。
I can play football.

4.你应该写作业。
You should do homework.

5.你必须道歉。
You must apologize.

6.我可能会失败,但我不放弃。
I may lose,but I never give up.

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