给 EF Core 查询增加 With NoLock

给 EF Core 查询增加 With NoLock

Intro

EF Core 在 3.x 版本中增加了 Interceptor,使得我们可以在发生低级别数据库操作时作为 EF Core 正常运行的一部分自动调用它们。 例如,打开连接、提交事务或执行命令时。

所以我们可以自定义一个 Interceptor 来记录执行的 sql 语句,也可以通过 Interceptor 来实现 sql 语句的执行前的修改或者更准确的记录 DbCommand 执行的耗时。

这里我们可以借助 Interceptor 实现对于查询语句的修改,自动给查询语句加 (WITH NOLOCK)WITH NOLOCK 等效于 READ UNCOMMITED(读未提交)的事务级别,这样可能会造成一定的脏读,但是从效率上而言,是比较高效的,不会因为别的事务长时间未提交导致查询阻塞,所以对于大数据多事务的场景下,查询 SQL 加 NOLOCK 还是比较有意义的

NoLockInterceptor

继承 DbCommandInterceptor,重写查询 sql 执行之前的操作,在执行查询 sql 之前增加 WITH(NOLOCK),实现代码如下:

public class QueryWithNoLockDbCommandInterceptor : DbCommandInterceptor
{
    private static readonly Regex TableAliasRegex =
        new Regex(@"(?AS \[[a-zA-Z]\w*\](?! WITH \(NOLOCK\)))",
            RegexOptions.Multiline | RegexOptions.Compiled | RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);

    public override InterceptionResult ScalarExecuting(DbCommand command, CommandEventData eventData, InterceptionResult result)
    {
        command.CommandText = TableAliasRegex.Replace(
            command.CommandText,
            "${tableAlias} WITH (NOLOCK)"
            );
        return base.ScalarExecuting(command, eventData, result);
    }

    public override Task> ScalarExecutingAsync(DbCommand command, CommandEventData eventData, InterceptionResult result,
        CancellationToken cancellationToken = new CancellationToken())
    {
        command.CommandText = TableAliasRegex.Replace(
            command.CommandText,
            "${tableAlias} WITH (NOLOCK)"
            );
        return base.ScalarExecutingAsync(command, eventData, result, cancellationToken);
    }

    public override InterceptionResult ReaderExecuting(DbCommand command, CommandEventData eventData, InterceptionResult result)
    {
        command.CommandText = TableAliasRegex.Replace(
            command.CommandText,
            "${tableAlias} WITH (NOLOCK)"
            );
        return result;
    }

    public override Task> ReaderExecutingAsync(DbCommand command, CommandEventData eventData, InterceptionResult result,
        CancellationToken cancellationToken = new CancellationToken())
    {
        command.CommandText = TableAliasRegex.Replace(
            command.CommandText,
            "${tableAlias} WITH (NOLOCK)"
            );
        return base.ReaderExecutingAsync(command, eventData, result, cancellationToken);
    }
}
 
 

Interceptor 的使用

在注册 DbContext 服务的时候,可以配置 Interceptor,配置如下:

var services = new ServiceCollection();
services.AddDbContext(options =>
{
    options
        .UseLoggerFactory(loggerFactory)
        .UseSqlServer(DbConnectionString)
        .AddInterceptors(new QueryWithNoLockDbCommandInterceptor())
        ;
});

使用效果

通过 loggerFactory 记录的日志查看查询执行的 sql 语句

可以看到查询语句自动加上了 WITH (NOLOCK)

Reference

  • https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/queries/hints-transact-sql-table?view=sql-server-ver15
  • https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/ef/core/what-is-new/ef-core-3.0/#interception-of-database-operations
  • https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/ef/core/what-is-new/ef-core-3.0/#interception-of-database-operations
  • https://github.com/WeihanLi/WeihanLi.EntityFramework/blob/dev/src/WeihanLi.EntityFramework/Interceptors/QueryWithNoLockDbCommandInterceptor.cs

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