lvm
1.从磁盘到逻辑卷
2.准备磁盘:
3.将分的磁盘分区格式更改为lvm:
命令(输入 m 获取帮助):p
磁盘 /dev/sdb:5368 MB, 5368709120 字节,10485760 个扇区
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇区大小(逻辑/物理):512 字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字节 / 512 字节
磁盘标签类型:dos
磁盘标识符:0xbc63fdb7
设备 Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
命令(输入 m 获取帮助):t
已选择分区 1
Hex 代码(输入 L 列出所有代码):8e #8e即是lvm格式
已将分区“Linux”的类型更改为“Linux LVM”
三个分区都更改完成后如下:
命令(输入 m 获取帮助):p
磁盘 /dev/sdb:5368 MB, 5368709120 字节,10485760 个扇区
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇区大小(逻辑/物理):512 字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字节 / 512 字节
磁盘标签类型:dos
磁盘标识符:0xbc63fdb7
设备 Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 2099199 1048576 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sdb2 2099200 4196351 1048576 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sdb3 4196352 6293503 1048576 8e Linux LVM
w保存退出
4.将分区做成物理卷:
5.yum命令安装包的时候,如果只知道命令,不知道包的名字,可以搜索:
yum provides "/*/name"
[root@weix-01 ~]# yum provides "/*/pvcreate"
已加载插件:fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.shuosc.org
* extras: mirrors.shuosc.org
* updates: mirrors.shuosc.org
1:bash-completion-2.1-6.el7.noarch : Programmable completion for Bash
源 :base
匹配来源:
文件名 :/usr/share/bash-completion/completions/pvcreate
7:lvm2-2.02.171-8.el7.x86_64 : Userland logical volume management tools
源 :base
匹配来源:
文件名 :/usr/sbin/pvcreate
6.安装lvm2包:
[root@weix-01 ~]# yum install -y lvm2
已加载插件:fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.shuosc.org
* extras: mirrors.shuosc.org
* updates: mirrors.shuosc.org
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 lvm2.x86_64.7.2.02.171-8.el7 将被 安装
7.创建物理卷:如果磁盘分区后没有文件,需要运行partprobe命令
然后创建
[root@weix-01 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.
[root@weix-01 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb2
Physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully created.
[root@weix-01 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb3
Physical volume "/dev/sdb3" successfully created.
8.使用pvdisplay命令查看物理卷:pvdisplay或者pvs
[root@weix-01 ~]# pvdisplay
"/dev/sdb2" is a new physical volume of "1.00 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb2
VG Name
PV Size 1.00 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID V5EDGp-LO0f-3dJI-1SFW-lkjL-bLal-mFiYJ0
"/dev/sdb3" is a new physical volume of "1.00 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb3
VG Name
PV Size 1.00 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID wMgrB1-W7Tf-isWH-yrY0-lSiq-hIGj-NtsUW6
"/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "1.00 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb1
VG Name
PV Size 1.00 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID YCe5HH-QmZW-98C3-unsi-y4G1-ozHP-Pkb5rL
9.创建物理卷组:
[root@weix-01 ~]# vgcreate vg1 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb2
Volume group "vg1" successfully created
10.查看卷组:vgdisplay或者vgs
[root@weix-01 ~]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
vg1 2 0 0 wz--n- 1.99g 1.99g
11.删除卷组:vgremove:
[root@weix-01 ~]# vgremove vg1
Volume group "vg1" successfully removed
12.创建逻辑卷:
[root@weix-01 ~]# lvcreate -L 100M -n lv1 vg1
Logical volume "lv1" created.
13.格式化:
[root@weix-01 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg1/lv1
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
文件系统标签=
OS type: Linux
块大小=1024 (log=0)
分块大小=1024 (log=0)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
25688 inodes, 102400 blocks
5120 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
第一个数据块=1
Maximum filesystem blocks=33685504
13 block groups
8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
1976 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729
Allocating group tables: 完成
正在写入inode表: 完成
Creating journal (4096 blocks): 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成
14.挂载:
[root@weix-01 ~]# mount /dev/vg1/lv1 /mnt/
[root@weix-01 ~]# df -h
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/sda3 23G 1.1G 22G 5% /
devtmpfs 479M 0 479M 0% /dev
tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 489M 6.8M 482M 2% /run
tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 197M 97M 100M 50% /boot
tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/vg1-lv1 93M 1.6M 85M 2% /mnt
[root@weix-01 ~]# ls -l /dev/mapper/vg1-lv1 #两个文件指向同一个文件
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 1月 2 14:42 /dev/mapper/vg1-lv1 -> ../dm-0
[root@weix-01 ~]# ls -l /dev/vg1/lv1
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 1月 2 14:42 /dev/vg1/lv1 -> ../dm-0
[root@weix-01 ~]# umount /mnt/ #解除挂载
[root@weix-01 ~]# lvresize -L 200M /dev/vg1/lv1 #扩容
Size of logical volume vg1/lv1 changed from 100.00 MiB (25 extents) to 200.00 MiB (50 extents).
Logical volume vg1/lv1 successfully resized.
[root@weix-01 ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/vg1/lv1 #检查磁盘
e2fsck 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
第一步: 检查inode,块,和大小
第二步: 检查目录结构
第3步: 检查目录连接性
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
第5步: 检查簇概要信息
/dev/vg1/lv1: 13/25688 files (7.7% non-contiguous), 8899/102400 blocks
[root@weix-01 ~]# resize2fs !$ #更新信息
resize2fs /dev/vg1/lv1
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/vg1/lv1 to 204800 (1k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/vg1/lv1 is now 204800 blocks long.
[root@weix-01 ~]# !mount #重新挂载
mount /dev/vg1/lv1 /mnt/
[root@weix-01 ~]# df -h #查看现在大小
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/sda3 23G 1.1G 22G 5% /
devtmpfs 479M 0 479M 0% /dev
tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 489M 6.8M 482M 2% /run
tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 197M 97M 100M 50% /boot
tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/vg1-lv1 190M 1.6M 175M 1% /mnt
[root@weix-01 ~]# ls /mnt/ #文件存在,未被改动
1212 23.txt lost+found
[root@weix-01 ~]# cat /mnt/23.txt
1111111111
17.按步骤执行:xfs格式(不需要卸载)
[root@weix-01 ~]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
lv1 vg1 -wi-ao---- 100.00m
[root@weix-01 ~]# lvresize -L 300M /dev/vg1/lv1 #重新设置大小
Size of logical volume vg1/lv1 changed from 100.00 MiB (25 extents) to 300.00 MiB (75 extents).
Logical volume vg1/lv1 successfully resized.
[root@weix-01 ~]# df -h #查看大小
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/sda3 23G 1.1G 22G 5% /
devtmpfs 479M 0 479M 0% /dev
tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 489M 6.7M 482M 2% /run
tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 197M 97M 100M 50% /boot
tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/vg1-lv1 97M 5.2M 92M 6% /mnt
[root@weix-01 ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/vg1/lv1 #启用设置
meta-data=/dev/mapper/vg1-lv1 isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=6400 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0 spinodes=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=25600, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=855, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 25600 to 76800
[root@weix-01 ~]# df -h #查看大小
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/sda3 23G 1.1G 22G 5% /
devtmpfs 479M 0 479M 0% /dev
tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 489M 6.7M 482M 2% /run
tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 197M 97M 100M 50% /boot
tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/vg1-lv1 297M 5.5M 292M 2% /mnt
[root@weix-01 ~]# umount /mnt
[root@weix-01 ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/vg1/lv1
e2fsck 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
第一步: 检查inode,块,和大小
第二步: 检查目录结构
第3步: 检查目录连接性
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
第5步: 检查簇概要信息
/dev/vg1/lv1: 13/49400 files (7.7% non-contiguous), 11887/204800 blocks
[root@weix-01 ~]# resize2fs /dev/vg1/lv1 100M
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/vg1/lv1 to 102400 (1k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/vg1/lv1 is now 102400 blocks long.
[root@weix-01 ~]# lvresize -L 100M /dev/vg1/lv1
WARNING: Reducing active logical volume to 100.00 MiB.
THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)
Do you really want to reduce vg1/lv1? [y/n]: y
Size of logical volume vg1/lv1 changed from 200.00 MiB (50 extents) to 100.00 MiB (25 extents).
Logical volume vg1/lv1 successfully resized.
[root@weix-01 ~]# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/vg1/lv1
LV Name lv1
VG Name vg1
LV UUID fMohN5-rM07-VayT-dYvT-rDZm-dPYN-WM071w
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time weix-01, 2018-01-02 14:40:12 +0800
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 100.00 MiB
Current LE 25
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:0
[root@weix-01 ~]# vgextend vg1 /dev/sdb3 #扩展卷组,将分区3加进来
Volume group "vg1" successfully extended
[root@weix-01 ~]# vgdiplay
-bash: vgdiplay: 未找到命令
[root@weix-01 ~]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name vg1
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 3
Metadata Sequence No 6
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 1
Max PV 0
Cur PV 3
Act PV 3
VG Size <2.99 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 765
Alloc PE / Size 75 / 300.00 MiB
Free PE / Size 690 / <2.70 GiB
VG UUID T9WpLW-5tBm-arLr-jb70-HoO0-JP81-cMuqrx
[root@weix-01 ~]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
vg1 3 1 0 wz--n- <2.99g <2.70g