memcached单点
一．Repcached （memcached同步补丁）
下载地址：http://sourceforge.net/projects/repcached/files/repcached/2.2.1-1.2.8/
版本号：memcached 1.2.8 repcached 2.2.1
1、repcached介绍
repcached是日本人开发的实现memcached复制功能，它是一个单 master单 slave的方案，但它的 master/slave都是可读写的，而且可以相互同步，如果 master坏掉， slave侦测到连接断了，它会自动 listen而成为 master；而如果 slave坏掉， master也会侦测到连接断，它就会重新 listen等待新的 slave加入
2、安装
在两台服务器上分别安装memcached服务，另注本文libevent的版本为：libevent-1.4.13，下载地址: http://www.monkey.org/~provos/libevent-1.4.13-stable.tar.gz （安装省略）
repcached有两种方式：
方式一、下载对应的repcached版本
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2.
#tar zxf memcached-1.2.8-repcached-2.2.tar.gz
3.
#cd memcached-1.2.8-repcached-2.2
方式二、下载对应patch版本
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2.
#gzip -cd ../repcached-2.2-1.2.8.patch.gz | patch -p1】
3.
#./configure –enable-replication
4.
# make
5.
# make install
3、启动：
启动master
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1.
# ./memcached -v -u root -d -l 127.0.0.1 -p 11211 -x 127.0.0.1 -X 11111 （11211：master端口；11111：同步端口）
2.
replication: connect (peer=127.0.0.1:11111)
3.
replication: accept
4.
replication: marugoto copying
5.
replication: start
启动salve
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1.
# ./memcached -v -u root -d -l 127.0.0.1 -p 11212 -x 127.0.0.1 -X 11111 （11212：slave端口；11111：同步端口）
2.
replication: connect (peer=127.0.0.1:11111)
3.
replication: marugoto copying
4.
replication: close
5.
replication: listen
4、测试：
操作master
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01.
[root@localhost bin]# telnet 127.1 11211
02.
Trying 127.0.0.1...
03.
Connected to localhost.localdomain (127.0.0.1)...
04.
Escape character is '^]'.
05.
get key1
06.
END
07.
set key1 0 0 2
08.
aa
09.
STORED
10.
quit
11.
Connection closed by foreign host.
查看slave
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01.
[root@localhost bin]# telnet 127.1 11212
02.
Trying 127.0.0.1...
03.
Connected to localhost.localdomain (127.0.0.1)...
04.
Escape character is '^]'.
05.
get key1
06.
VALUE key1 0 2
07.
aa
08.
END
09.
quit
10.
Connection closed by foreign host.
注意：如果master down机，slave接管并成为master，这时down机的master只能启用slave,他们之间互换角色，才能保持复制功能。换句话说，master没有抢占功能。而且，同步间隔时间未知。
优点：
- 数据冗余
- 两台memcached都可以进行读写操作
缺点：
- 只支持单对单
- 只支持memcached 1.2.x版本
二．Magent （memcached的代理）
原文地址：http://blog.s135.com/post/393/
magent是一款开源的Memcached代理服务器软件，其项目网址为：
http://code.google.com/p/memagent/
1、安装步骤：
a、编译安装libevent：
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1.
wget http://monkey.org/~provos/libevent-1.4.9-stable.tar.gz
2.
tar zxvf libevent-1.4.9-stable.tar.gz
3.
cd libevent-1.4.9-stable/
4.
./configure --prefix=/usr
5.
make && make install
6.
cd ../
b、编译安装Memcached：
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1.
wget http://danga.com/memcached/dist/memcached-1.2.6.tar.gz
2.
tar zxvf memcached-1.2.6.tar.gz
3.
cd memcached-1.2.6/
4.
./configure --with-libevent=/usr
5.
make && make install
6.
cd ../
c、编译安装magent：
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01.
mkdir magent
02.
cd magent/
03.
wget http://memagent.googlecode.com/files/magent-0.5.tar.gz
04.
tar zxvf magent-0.5.tar.gz
05.
/sbin/ldconfig
06.
sed -i "s#LIBS = -levent#LIBS = -levent -lm#g" Makefile
07.
make
08.
cp magent /usr/bin/magent
09.
cd ../
2、使用实例：
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1.
memcached -m 1 -u root -d -l 127.0.0.1 -p 11211
2.
memcached -m 1 -u root -d -l 127.0.0.1 -p 11212
3.
memcached -m 1 -u root -d -l 127.0.0.1 -p 11213
4.
magent -u root -n 51200 -l 127.0.0.1 -p 12000 -s 127.0.0.1:11211 -s 127.0.0.1:11212 -b 127.0.0.1:11213
- 分别在11211、11212、11213端口启动3个Memcached进程，在12000端口开启magent代理程序；
- 11211、11212端口为主Memcached，11213端口为备份Memcached；
- 连接上12000的magent，set key1和set key2，根据哈希算法，key1被写入11212和11213端口的Memcached，key2被写入11212和11213端口的Memcached；
- 当11211、11212端口的Memcached死掉，连接到12000端口的magent取数据，数据会从11213端口的Memcached取出；
- 当11211、11212端口的Memcached重启复活，连接到12000端口，magent会从11211或11212端口的Memcached取数据，由于这两台Memcached重启后无数据，因此magent取得的将是空值，尽管11213端口的Memcached还有数据（此问题尚待改进）。
3、整个测试流程：
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01.
[root@centos52 ~]# telnet 127.0.0.1 12000
02.
Trying 127.0.0.1...
03.
Connected to 127.0.0.1.
04.
Escape character is '^]'.
05.
stats
06.
memcached agent v0.4
07.
matrix 1 -> 127.0.0.1:11211, pool size 0
08.
matrix 2 -> 127.0.0.1:11212, pool size 0
09.
END
10.
set key1 0 0 8
11.
zhangyan
12.
STORED
13.
set key2 0 0 8
14.
zhangyan
15.
STORED
16.
quit
17.
Connection closed by foreign host.
18.
19.
[root@centos52 ~]# telnet 127.0.0.1 11211
20.
Trying 127.0.0.1...
21.
Connected to 127.0.0.1.
22.
Escape character is '^]'.
23.
get key1
24.
END
25.
get key2
26.
VALUE key2 0 8
27.
zhangyan
28.
END
29.
quit
30.
Connection closed by foreign host.
31.
32.
[root@centos52 ~]# telnet 127.0.0.1 11212
33.
Trying 127.0.0.1...
34.
Connected to 127.0.0.1.
35.
Escape character is '^]'.
36.
get key1
37.
VALUE key1 0 8
38.
zhangyan
39.
END
40.
get key2
41.
END
42.
quit
43.
Connection closed by foreign host.
44.
45.
[root@centos52 ~]# telnet 127.0.0.1 11213
46.
Trying 127.0.0.1...
47.
Connected to 127.0.0.1.
48.
Escape character is '^]'.
49.
get key1
50.
VALUE key1 0 8
51.
zhangyan
52.
END
53.
get key2
54.
VALUE key2 0 8
55.
zhangyan
56.
END
57.
quit
58.
Connection closed by foreign host.
模拟11211、11212端口的Memcached死掉
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01.
[root@centos52 ~]# ps -ef | grep memcached
02.
root 6589 1 0 01:25 ? 00:00:00 memcached -m 1 -u root -d -l 127.0.0.1 -p 11211
03.
root 6591 1 0 01:25 ? 00:00:00 memcached -m 1 -u root -d -l 127.0.0.1 -p 11212
04.
root 6593 1 0 01:25 ? 00:00:00 memcached -m 1 -u root -d -l 127.0.0.1 -p 11213
05.
root 6609 6509 0 01:44 pts/0 00:00:00 grep memcached
06.
[root@centos52 ~]# kill -9 6589
07.
[root@centos52 ~]# kill -9 6591
08.
[root@centos52 ~]# telnet 127.0.0.1 12000
09.
Trying 127.0.0.1...
10.
Connected to 127.0.0.1.
11.
Escape character is '^]'.
12.
get key1
13.
VALUE key1 0 8
14.
zhangyan
15.
END
16.
get key2
17.
VALUE key2 0 8
18.
zhangyan
19.
END
20.
quit
21.
Connection closed by foreign host.
模拟11211、11212端口的Memcached重启复活
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01.
[root@centos52 ~]# memcached -m 1 -u root -d -l 127.0.0.1 -p 11211
02.
[root@centos52 ~]# memcached -m 1 -u root -d -l 127.0.0.1 -p 11212
03.
[root@centos52 ~]# telnet 127.0.0.1 12000
04.
Trying 127.0.0.1...
05.
Connected to 127.0.0.1.
06.
Escape character is '^]'.
07.
get key1
08.
END
09.
get key2
10.
END
11.
quit
12.
Connection closed by foreign host.
优点：
- 可以做多主或多从
缺点：
- 当master宕掉又恢复后，取不到数据。