TensorFlow2.X结合OpenCV 实现手势识别功能

使用Tensorflow 构建卷积神经网络，训练手势识别模型，使用opencv DNN 模块加载模型实时手势识别
效果如下：

先显示下部分数据集图片（0到9的表示，感觉很怪）

构建模型进行训练

数据集地址

import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow import keras
from tensorflow.keras import datasets,layers,optimizers,Sequential,metrics
from tensorflow.python.framework.convert_to_constants import convert_variables_to_constants_v2
import os 
import pathlib
import random
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
os.environ['TF_CPP_MIN_LOG_LEVEL']='2'
def read_data(path):
  path_root = pathlib.Path(path)
  # print(path_root)
  # for item in path_root.iterdir():
  #   print(item)
  image_paths = list(path_root.glob('*/*'))
  image_paths = [str(path) for path in image_paths]
  random.shuffle(image_paths)
  image_count = len(image_paths)
  # print(image_count)
  # print(image_paths[:10])
  label_names = sorted(item.name for item in path_root.glob('*/') if item.is_dir())
  # print(label_names)
  label_name_index = dict((name, index) for index, name in enumerate(label_names))
  # print(label_name_index)
  image_labels = [label_name_index[pathlib.Path(path).parent.name] for path in image_paths]
  # print("First 10 labels indices: ", image_labels[:10])
  return image_paths,image_labels,image_count
def preprocess_image(image):
  image = tf.image.decode_jpeg(image, channels=3)
  image = tf.image.resize(image, [100, 100])
  image /= 255.0 # normalize to [0,1] range
  # image = tf.reshape(image,[100*100*3])
  return image
def load_and_preprocess_image(path,label):
  image = tf.io.read_file(path)
  return preprocess_image(image),label
def creat_dataset(image_paths,image_labels,bitch_size):
  db = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices((image_paths, image_labels))
  dataset = db.map(load_and_preprocess_image).batch(bitch_size)  
  return dataset
def train_model(train_data,test_data):
  #构建模型
  network = keras.Sequential([
      keras.layers.Conv2D(32,kernel_size=[5,5],padding="same",activation=tf.nn.relu),
      keras.layers.MaxPool2D(pool_size=[2, 2], strides=2, padding='same'),
      keras.layers.Conv2D(64,kernel_size=[3,3],padding="same",activation=tf.nn.relu),
      keras.layers.MaxPool2D(pool_size=[2, 2], strides=2, padding='same'),
      keras.layers.Conv2D(64,kernel_size=[3,3],padding="same",activation=tf.nn.relu),
      keras.layers.Flatten(),
      keras.layers.Dense(512,activation='relu'),
      keras.layers.Dropout(0.5),
      keras.layers.Dense(128,activation='relu'),
      keras.layers.Dense(10)])
  network.build(input_shape=(None,100,100,3))
  network.summary()
  network.compile(optimizer=optimizers.SGD(lr=0.001),
      loss=tf.losses.SparseCategoricalCrossentropy(from_logits=True),
      metrics=['accuracy']
  )
  #模型训练
  network.fit(train_data, epochs = 100,validation_data=test_data,validation_freq=2) 
  network.evaluate(test_data)
  tf.saved_model.save(network,'D:\\code\\PYTHON\\gesture_recognition\\model\\')
  print("保存模型成功")
  # Convert Keras model to ConcreteFunction
  full_model = tf.function(lambda x: network(x))
  full_model = full_model.get_concrete_function(
  tf.TensorSpec(network.inputs[0].shape, network.inputs[0].dtype))
  # Get frozen ConcreteFunction
  frozen_func = convert_variables_to_constants_v2(full_model)
  frozen_func.graph.as_graph_def()

  layers = [op.name for op in frozen_func.graph.get_operations()]
  print("-" * 50)
  print("Frozen model layers: ")
  for layer in layers:
    print(layer)

  print("-" * 50)
  print("Frozen model inputs: ")
  print(frozen_func.inputs)
  print("Frozen model outputs: ")
  print(frozen_func.outputs)

  # Save frozen graph from frozen ConcreteFunction to hard drive
  tf.io.write_graph(graph_or_graph_def=frozen_func.graph,
      logdir="D:\\code\\PYTHON\\gesture_recognition\\model\\frozen_model\\",
      name="frozen_graph.pb",
      as_text=False)
  print("模型转换完成，训练结束")


if __name__ == "__main__":
  print(tf.__version__)
  train_path = 'D:\\code\\PYTHON\\gesture_recognition\\Dataset'
  test_path = 'D:\\code\\PYTHON\\gesture_recognition\\testdata' 
  image_paths,image_labels,_ = read_data(train_path)
  train_data = creat_dataset(image_paths,image_labels,16)
  image_paths,image_labels,_ = read_data(test_path)
  test_data = creat_dataset(image_paths,image_labels,16)
  train_model(train_data,test_data)

OpenCV加载模型，实时检测

这里为了简化检测使用了ROI。

import cv2
from cv2 import dnn
import numpy as np
print(cv2.__version__)
class_name = ['0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9']
net = dnn.readNetFromTensorflow('D:\\code\\PYTHON\\gesture_recognition\\model\\frozen_model\\frozen_graph.pb')
cap = cv2.VideoCapture(0)
i = 0
while True:
  _,frame= cap.read() 
  src_image = frame
  cv2.rectangle(src_image, (300, 100),(600, 400), (0, 255, 0), 1, 4)
  frame = cv2.cvtColor(frame,cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
  pic = frame[100:400,300:600]
  cv2.imshow("pic1", pic)
  # print(pic.shape)
  pic = cv2.resize(pic,(100,100))
  blob = cv2.dnn.blobFromImage(pic,   
               scalefactor=1.0/225.,
               size=(100, 100),
               mean=(0, 0, 0),
               swapRB=False,
               crop=False)
  # blob = np.transpose(blob, (0,2,3,1))             
  net.setInput(blob)
  out = net.forward()
  out = out.flatten()

  classId = np.argmax(out)
  # print("classId",classId)
  print("预测结果为：",class_name[classId])
  src_image = cv2.putText(src_image,str(classId),(300,100), cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX, 2,(0,0,255),2,4)
  # cv.putText(img, text, org, fontFace, fontScale, fontcolor, thickness, lineType)
  cv2.imshow("pic",src_image)
  if cv2.waitKey(10) == ord('0'):
    break

小结

这里本质上还是一个图像分类任务。而且，样本数量较少。优化的时候需要做数据增强，还需要防止过拟合。

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