Nmap

扫描活跃主机

Nmap 命令:

目标主机是否存活

nmap -sP zhaoka.com
或者
nping --tcp -p 80  zhaoka.com

路由

nping --tr  zhaoka.com
nping --tcp -p 80 --tr  zhaoka.com

扫描TCP端口

快速扫描常用端口

nmap 192.168.1.1

指定扫描端口

nmap -p 1-1000 192.168.1.1
nmap -p T:22 192.168.1.0/24
nmap -p U:161,162,53 192.168.1.* -oG 192.168.1.0_udp_53.txt

扫描UDP端口

nmap -sU 192.168.1.1

识别系统信息

nmap -O baidu.com
OR
p0f 命令 分析wireshark 捕获的文件
p0f -r ./host.pcap -o host.log

p0f help

p0f --help
--- p0f 3.09b by Michal Zalewski  ---

p0f: invalid option -- '-'
Usage: p0f [ ...options... ] [ 'filter rule' ]

Network interface options:

  -i iface  - listen on the specified network interface
  -r file   - read offline pcap data from a given file
  -p        - put the listening interface in promiscuous mode
  -L        - list all available interfaces

Operating mode and output settings:

  -f file   - read fingerprint database from 'file' (/etc/p0f/p0f.fp)
  -o file   - write information to the specified log file
  -s name   - answer to API queries at a named unix socket
  -u user   - switch to the specified unprivileged account and chroot
  -d        - fork into background (requires -o or -s)

Performance-related options:

  -S limit  - limit number of parallel API connections (20)
  -t c,h    - set connection / host cache age limits (30s,120m)
  -m c,h    - cap the number of active connections / hosts (1000,10000)

Optional filter expressions (man tcpdump) can be specified in the command
line to prevent p0f from looking at incidental network traffic.

nping help

Nping 0.7.25BETA1 ( https://nmap.org/nping )
Usage: nping [Probe mode] [Options] {target specification}

TARGET SPECIFICATION:
  Targets may be specified as hostnames, IP addresses, networks, etc.
  Ex: scanme.nmap.org, microsoft.com/24, 192.168.0.1; 10.0.*.1-24
PROBE MODES:
  --tcp-connect                    : Unprivileged TCP connect probe mode.
  --tcp                            : TCP probe mode.
  --udp                            : UDP probe mode.
  --icmp                           : ICMP probe mode.
  --arp                            : ARP/RARP probe mode.
  --tr, --traceroute               : Traceroute mode (can only be used with
                                     TCP/UDP/ICMP modes).
TCP CONNECT MODE:
   -p, --dest-port      : Set destination port(s).
   -g, --source-port   : Try to use a custom source port.
TCP PROBE MODE:
   -g, --source-port   : Set source port.
   -p, --dest-port      : Set destination port(s).
   --seq                : Set sequence number.
   --flags              : Set TCP flags (ACK,PSH,RST,SYN,FIN...)
   --ack                : Set ACK number.
   --win                     : Set window size.
   --badsum                        : Use a random invalid checksum.
UDP PROBE MODE:
   -g, --source-port   : Set source port.
   -p, --dest-port      : Set destination port(s).
   --badsum                        : Use a random invalid checksum.
ICMP PROBE MODE:
  --icmp-type                : ICMP type.
  --icmp-code                : ICMP code.
  --icmp-id                    : Set identifier.
  --icmp-seq                    : Set sequence number.
  --icmp-redirect-addr       : Set redirect address.
  --icmp-param-pointer        : Set parameter problem pointer.
  --icmp-advert-lifetime     : Set router advertisement lifetime.
  --icmp-advert-entry     : Add router advertisement entry.
  --icmp-orig-time      : Set originate timestamp.
  --icmp-recv-time      : Set receive timestamp.
  --icmp-trans-time     : Set transmit timestamp.
ARP/RARP PROBE MODE:
  --arp-type                 : Type: ARP, ARP-reply, RARP, RARP-reply.
  --arp-sender-mac            : Set sender MAC address.
  --arp-sender-ip            : Set sender IP address.
  --arp-target-mac            : Set target MAC address.
  --arp-target-ip            : Set target IP address.
IPv4 OPTIONS:
  -S, --source-ip                  : Set source IP address.
  --dest-ip                  : Set destination IP address (used as an
                                     alternative to {target specification} ).
  --tos                       : Set type of service field (8bits).
  --id                         : Set identification field (16 bits).
  --df                             : Set Don't Fragment flag.
  --mf                             : Set More Fragments flag.
  --ttl                      : Set time to live [0-255].
  --badsum-ip                      : Use a random invalid checksum.
  --ip-options  : Set IP options
  --ip-options                     : Set IP options
  --mtu                      : Set MTU. Packets get fragmented if MTU is
                                     small enough.
IPv6 OPTIONS:
  -6, --IPv6                       : Use IP version 6.
  --dest-ip                        : Set destination IP address (used as an
                                     alternative to {target specification}).
  --hop-limit                      : Set hop limit (same as IPv4 TTL).
  --traffic-class  :        : Set traffic class.
  --flow                    : Set flow label.
ETHERNET OPTIONS:
  --dest-mac                  : Set destination mac address. (Disables
                                     ARP resolution)
  --source-mac                : Set source MAC address.
  --ether-type               : Set EtherType value.
PAYLOAD OPTIONS:
  --data               : Include a custom payload.
  --data-string              : Include a custom ASCII text.
  --data-length               : Include len random bytes as payload.
ECHO CLIENT/SERVER:
  --echo-client        : Run Nping in client mode.
  --echo-server        : Run Nping in server mode.
  --echo-port                : Use custom  to listen or connect.
  --no-crypto                      : Disable encryption and authentication.
  --once                           : Stop the server after one connection.
  --safe-payloads                  : Erase application data in echoed packets.
TIMING AND PERFORMANCE:
  Options which take  are in seconds, or append 'ms' (milliseconds),
  's' (seconds), 'm' (minutes), or 'h' (hours) to the value (e.g. 30m, 0.25h).
  --delay                    : Adjust delay between probes.
  --rate                     : Send num packets per second.
MISC:
  -h, --help                       : Display help information.
  -V, --version                    : Display current version number.
  -c, --count                   : Stop after  rounds.
  -e, --interface            : Use supplied network interface.
  -H, --hide-sent                  : Do not display sent packets.
  -N, --no-capture                 : Do not try to capture replies.
  --privileged                     : Assume user is fully privileged.
  --unprivileged                   : Assume user lacks raw socket privileges.
  --send-eth                       : Send packets at the raw Ethernet layer.
  --send-ip                        : Send packets using raw IP sockets.
  --bpf-filter        : Specify custom BPF filter.
OUTPUT:
  -v                               : Increment verbosity level by one.
  -v[level]                        : Set verbosity level. E.g: -v4
  -d                               : Increment debugging level by one.
  -d[level]                        : Set debugging level. E.g: -d3
  -q                               : Decrease verbosity level by one.
  -q[N]                            : Decrease verbosity level N times
  --quiet                          : Set verbosity and debug level to minimum.
  --debug                          : Set verbosity and debug to the max level.
EXAMPLES:
  nping scanme.nmap.org
  nping --tcp -p 80 --flags rst --ttl 2 192.168.1.1
  nping --icmp --icmp-type time --delay 500ms 192.168.254.254
  nping --echo-server "public" -e wlan0 -vvv
  nping --echo-client "public" echo.nmap.org --tcp -p1-1024 --flags ack

SEE THE MAN PAGE FOR MANY MORE OPTIONS, DESCRIPTIONS, AND EXAMPLES

Nmap Help

Nmap 7.25BETA1 ( https://nmap.org )
Usage: nmap [Scan Type(s)] [Options] {target specification}
TARGET SPECIFICATION:
  Can pass hostnames, IP addresses, networks, etc.
  Ex: scanme.nmap.org, microsoft.com/24, 192.168.0.1; 10.0.0-255.1-254
  -iL : Input from list of hosts/networks
  -iR : Choose random targets
  --exclude : Exclude hosts/networks
  --excludefile : Exclude list from file
HOST DISCOVERY:
  -sL: List Scan - simply list targets to scan
  -sn: Ping Scan - disable port scan
  -Pn: Treat all hosts as online -- skip host discovery
  -PS/PA/PU/PY[portlist]: TCP SYN/ACK, UDP or SCTP discovery to given ports
  -PE/PP/PM: ICMP echo, timestamp, and netmask request discovery probes
  -PO[protocol list]: IP Protocol Ping
  -n/-R: Never do DNS resolution/Always resolve [default: sometimes]
  --dns-servers : Specify custom DNS servers
  --system-dns: Use OS's DNS resolver
  --traceroute: Trace hop path to each host
SCAN TECHNIQUES:
  -sS/sT/sA/sW/sM: TCP SYN/Connect()/ACK/Window/Maimon scans
  -sU: UDP Scan
  -sN/sF/sX: TCP Null, FIN, and Xmas scans
  --scanflags : Customize TCP scan flags
  -sI : Idle scan
  -sY/sZ: SCTP INIT/COOKIE-ECHO scans
  -sO: IP protocol scan
  -b : FTP bounce scan
PORT SPECIFICATION AND SCAN ORDER:
  -p : Only scan specified ports
    Ex: -p22; -p1-65535; -p U:53,111,137,T:21-25,80,139,8080,S:9
  --exclude-ports : Exclude the specified ports from scanning
  -F: Fast mode - Scan fewer ports than the default scan
  -r: Scan ports consecutively - don't randomize
  --top-ports : Scan  most common ports
  --port-ratio : Scan ports more common than 
SERVICE/VERSION DETECTION:
  -sV: Probe open ports to determine service/version info
  --version-intensity : Set from 0 (light) to 9 (try all probes)
  --version-light: Limit to most likely probes (intensity 2)
  --version-all: Try every single probe (intensity 9)
  --version-trace: Show detailed version scan activity (for debugging)
SCRIPT SCAN:
  -sC: equivalent to --script=default
  --script=:  is a comma separated list of
           directories, script-files or script-categories
  --script-args=: provide arguments to scripts
  --script-args-file=filename: provide NSE script args in a file
  --script-trace: Show all data sent and received
  --script-updatedb: Update the script database.
  --script-help=: Show help about scripts.
            is a comma-separated list of script-files or
           script-categories.
OS DETECTION:
  -O: Enable OS detection
  --osscan-limit: Limit OS detection to promising targets
  --osscan-guess: Guess OS more aggressively
TIMING AND PERFORMANCE:
  Options which take  are in seconds, or append 'ms' (milliseconds),
  's' (seconds), 'm' (minutes), or 'h' (hours) to the value (e.g. 30m).
  -T<0-5>: Set timing template (higher is faster)
  --min-hostgroup/max-hostgroup : Parallel host scan group sizes
  --min-parallelism/max-parallelism : Probe parallelization
  --min-rtt-timeout/max-rtt-timeout/initial-rtt-timeout : Specifies
      probe round trip time.
  --max-retries : Caps number of port scan probe retransmissions.
  --host-timeout : Give up on target after this long
  --scan-delay/--max-scan-delay : Adjust delay between probes
  --min-rate : Send packets no slower than  per second
  --max-rate : Send packets no faster than  per second
FIREWALL/IDS EVASION AND SPOOFING:
  -f; --mtu : fragment packets (optionally w/given MTU)
  -D : Cloak a scan with decoys
  -S : Spoof source address
  -e : Use specified interface
  -g/--source-port : Use given port number
  --proxies : Relay connections through HTTP/SOCKS4 proxies
  --data : Append a custom payload to sent packets
  --data-string : Append a custom ASCII string to sent packets
  --data-length : Append random data to sent packets
  --ip-options : Send packets with specified ip options
  --ttl : Set IP time-to-live field
  --spoof-mac : Spoof your MAC address
  --badsum: Send packets with a bogus TCP/UDP/SCTP checksum
OUTPUT:
  -oN/-oX/-oS/-oG : Output scan in normal, XML, s|: Output in the three major formats at once
  -v: Increase verbosity level (use -vv or more for greater effect)
  -d: Increase debugging level (use -dd or more for greater effect)
  --reason: Display the reason a port is in a particular state
  --open: Only show open (or possibly open) ports
  --packet-trace: Show all packets sent and received
  --iflist: Print host interfaces and routes (for debugging)
  --append-output: Append to rather than clobber specified output files
  --resume : Resume an aborted scan
  --stylesheet : XSL stylesheet to transform XML output to HTML
  --webxml: Reference stylesheet from Nmap.Org for more portable XML
  --no-stylesheet: Prevent associating of XSL stylesheet w/XML output
MISC:
  -6: Enable IPv6 scanning
  -A: Enable OS detection, version detection, script scanning, and traceroute
  --datadir : Specify custom Nmap data file location
  --send-eth/--send-ip: Send using raw ethernet frames or IP packets
  --privileged: Assume that the user is fully privileged
  --unprivileged: Assume the user lacks raw socket privileges
  -V: Print version number
  -h: Print this help summary page.
EXAMPLES:
  nmap -v -A scanme.nmap.org
  nmap -v -sn 192.168.0.0/16 10.0.0.0/8
  nmap -v -iR 10000 -Pn -p 80
SEE THE MAN PAGE (https://nmap.org/book/man.html) FOR MORE OPTIONS AND EXAMPLES