MVC5 网站开发实践 2、后台管理
目录
从这一部分开始做后台管理，首先是基本框架的
一、Data项目
1、项目添加EntityFramework引用
在Data项目的引用上右键-> 管理NuGet程序包。
在弹出的窗口中选择 EntityFramework 安装
2、添加排序枚举
在Data项目上点右键新建文件夹Type。在文件夹内添加类【OrderType】，代码如下
//创建2014.12.8 namespace Data.Types { /// <summary> /// 排序类型 /// </summary> public enum OrderType { /// <summary> /// 不排序 /// </summary> No, /// <summary> /// 正序 /// </summary> Asc, /// <summary> /// 倒序 /// </summary> Desc } }
3、添加数据访问类
在Data项目上点右键新建类输入类名【BaseRepository】，这个类主要负责数数据的存取。
类内添加私有成员DbContext _baseDbContext用来在数据库进行增、删、改和查询。
BaseRepository的构造函数public BaseRepository(DbContext dbContext)中dbContext为数据上下文。在该类中写了一些数据的增删改和查询方法。整个代码如下。
using Ninesky.Data.Types; using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Data.Entity; using System.Linq; using System.Linq.Expressions; namespace Ninesky.Data { /// <summary> /// 数据仓储基类 /// <remarks> /// 创建：2014.12.13 /// </remarks> /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam> public class BaseRepository<T> where T : class { private DbContext _baseDbContext; /// <summary> /// 构造函数 /// </summary> /// <param name="dbContext">数据上下文</param> public BaseRepository(DbContext dbContext) { _baseDbContext = dbContext; } /// <summary> /// 添加 /// </summary> /// <param name="entity">数据实体</param> /// <param name="isSave">是否立即保存</param> /// <returns></returns> public T Add(T entity, bool isSave = true) { _baseDbContext.Set<T>().Add(entity); if (isSave) _baseDbContext.SaveChanges(); return entity; } /// <summary> /// 批量添加【立即执行】 /// </summary> /// <param name="entities">数据列表</param> /// <returns>添加的记录数</returns> public int AddRange(IEnumerable<T> entities, bool isSave = true) { _baseDbContext.Set<T>().AddRange(entities); return isSave ? _baseDbContext.SaveChanges() : 0; } /// <summary> /// 修改 /// </summary> /// <param name="entity">数据实体</param> /// <param name="isSave">是否立即保存</param> /// <returns></returns> public bool Update(T entity, bool isSave = true) { _baseDbContext.Set<T>().Attach(entity); _baseDbContext.Entry<T>(entity).State = EntityState.Modified; return isSave ? _baseDbContext.SaveChanges() > 0 : true; } /// <summary> /// 删除 /// </summary> /// <param name="entity">数据实体</param> /// <param name="isSave">是否立即保存</param> /// <returns></returns> public bool Delete(T entity, bool isSave = true) { _baseDbContext.Set<T>().Attach(entity); _baseDbContext.Entry<T>(entity).State = EntityState.Deleted; return isSave ? _baseDbContext.SaveChanges() > 0 : true; } /// <summary> /// 批量删除 /// </summary> /// <param name="entities">数据列表</param> /// <param name="isSave">是否立即保存</param> /// <returns>删除的记录数</returns> public int DeleteRange(IEnumerable<T> entities, bool isSave = true) { _baseDbContext.Set<T>().RemoveRange(entities); return isSave ? _baseDbContext.SaveChanges() : 0; } /// <summary> /// 保存 /// </summary> /// <returns>受影响的记录数</returns> public int Save() { return _baseDbContext.SaveChanges(); } /// <summary> /// 是否有满足条件的记录 /// </summary> /// <param name="anyLamdba">条件表达式</param> /// <returns></returns> public bool Any(Expression<Func<T, bool>> anyLamdba) { return _baseDbContext.Set<T>().Any(anyLamdba); } /// <summary> /// 查询记录数 /// </summary> /// <param name="countLamdba">查询表达式</param> /// <returns>记录数</returns> public int Count(Expression<Func<T, bool>> countLamdba) { return _baseDbContext.Set<T>().Count(countLamdba); } /// <summary> /// 查找实体 /// </summary> /// <param name="ID">实体ID</param> /// <returns></returns> public T Find(int ID) { return _baseDbContext.Set<T>().Find(ID); } /// <summary> /// 查找实体 /// </summary> /// <param name="findLambda">Lambda表达式</param> /// <returns></returns> public T Find(Expression<Func<T, bool>> findLambda) { return _baseDbContext.Set<T>().SingleOrDefault(findLambda); } /// <summary> /// 查找所有列表 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public IQueryable<T> FindAll() { return FindList<int>(0, T => true, OrderType.No, null); } /// <summary> /// 查找数据列表 /// </summary> /// <param name="number">返回的记录数【0-返回所有】</param> /// <param name="whereLandba">查询条件</param> /// <param name="orderType">排序方式</param> /// <param name="orderLandba">排序条件</param> /// <returns></returns> public IQueryable<T> FindList<TKey>(int number, Expression<Func<T, bool>> whereLandba, OrderType orderType, Expression<Func<T, TKey>> orderLandba) { IQueryable<T> _tIQueryable = _baseDbContext.Set<T>().Where(whereLandba); switch (orderType) { case OrderType.Asc: _tIQueryable = _tIQueryable.OrderBy(orderLandba); break; case OrderType.Desc: _tIQueryable = _tIQueryable.OrderByDescending(whereLandba); break; } if (number > 0) _tIQueryable = _tIQueryable.Take(number); return _tIQueryable; } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="TKey">排序字段类型</typeparam> /// <param name="pageIndex">页码【从1开始】</param> /// <param name="pageNumber">每页记录数</param> /// <param name="totalNumber">总记录数</param> /// <param name="whereLandba">查询表达式</param> /// <param name="orderType">排序类型</param> /// <param name="orderLandba">排序表达式</param> /// <returns></returns> public IQueryable<T> FindPageList<TKey>(int pageIndex, int pageNumber, out int totalNumber, Expression<Func<T, bool>> whereLandba, OrderType orderType, Expression<Func<T, TKey>> orderLandba) { IQueryable<T> _tIQueryable = _baseDbContext.Set<T>().Where(whereLandba); totalNumber = _tIQueryable.Count(); switch (orderType) { case OrderType.Asc: _tIQueryable = _tIQueryable.OrderBy(orderLandba); break; case OrderType.Desc: _tIQueryable = _tIQueryable.OrderByDescending(whereLandba); break; } _tIQueryable = _tIQueryable.Skip((pageIndex - 1) * pageNumber).Take(pageNumber); return _tIQueryable; } } }
4、添加业务逻辑基类
在data项目右键添加【BaseService】，此类通过调用BaseRepository进行数据处理，作为业务逻辑的基类，其他业务类继承自此类。这个类的方法与BaseRepository比较相似，建立此类的主要体现分层的思路，一些数据访问的异常处理应该放在此类中。代码如下：
using Ninesky.Data.Types; using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Data.Entity; using System.Linq; using System.Linq.Expressions; namespace Ninesky.Data { /// <summary> /// 业务逻辑基类 /// <remarks> /// 创建：2014.12.13 /// </remarks> /// </summary> public class BaseService<T> where T : class { private BaseRepository<T> _baseRepository; /// <summary> /// 创建业务逻辑类 /// </summary> /// <param name="dbContext">数据上下文</param> public BaseService(DbContext dbContext) { _baseRepository = new BaseRepository<T>(dbContext); } /// <summary> /// 添加 /// </summary> /// <param name="entity">数据实体</param> /// <returns>添加后的数据实体</returns> public T Add(T entity, bool isSave = true) { return _baseRepository.Add(entity, isSave); } ///// <summary> ///// 添加【必须先实例化才能使用】 ///// </summary> ///// <param name="entity">数据实体</param> ///// <returns>添加后的记录ID</returns> //public virtual int Add(T entity) { return 0; } /// <summary> /// 批量添加 /// </summary> /// <param name="entities">数据列表</param> /// <param name="isSave">是否立即保存</param> /// <returns></returns> public int AddRange(IEnumerable<T> entities, bool isSave = true) { return _baseRepository.AddRange(entities, isSave); } /// <summary> /// 修改 /// </summary> /// <param name="entity">数据实体</param> /// <param name="isSave">是否立即保存</param> /// <returns></returns> public bool Update(T entity, bool isSave = true) { return _baseRepository.Update(entity, isSave); } /// <summary> /// 删除 /// </summary> /// <param name="entity">数据实体</param> /// <param name="isSave">是否立即保存</param> /// <returns></returns> public bool Delete(T entity, bool isSave = true) { return _baseRepository.Delete(entity, isSave); } /// <summary> /// 批量删除 /// </summary> /// <param name="entities">数据列表</param> /// <param name="isSave">是否立即保存</param> /// <returns>删除的记录数</returns> public int DeleteRange(IEnumerable<T> entities, bool isSave = true) { return _baseRepository.DeleteRange(entities, isSave); } /// <summary> /// 保存 /// </summary> /// <returns>受影响的记录数</returns> public int Save() { return _baseRepository.Save(); } /// <summary> /// 查询记录数 /// </summary> /// <param name="countLamdba">查询表达式</param> /// <returns>记录数</returns> public int Count(Expression<Func<T, bool>> countLamdba) { return _baseRepository.Count(countLamdba); } /// <summary> /// 查找实体 /// </summary> /// <param name="ID">实体ID</param> /// <returns></returns> public T Find(int ID) { return _baseRepository.Find(ID); } /// <summary> /// 查找实体 /// </summary> /// <param name="findLambda">Lambda表达式</param> /// <returns></returns> public T Find(Expression<Func<T, bool>> findLambda) { return _baseRepository.Find(findLambda); } /// <summary> /// 查找所有列表 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public IQueryable<T> FindAll() { return _baseRepository.FindAll(); } /// <summary> /// 查找数据列表 /// </summary> /// <param name="number">返回的记录数【0-返回所有】</param> /// <param name="whereLandba">查询条件</param> /// <param name="orderType">排序方式</param> /// <param name="orderLandba">排序条件</param> /// <returns></returns> public IQueryable<T> FindList<TKey>(int number, Expression<Func<T, bool>> whereLandba, OrderType orderType, Expression<Func<T, TKey>> orderLandba) { return _baseRepository.FindList<TKey>(number, whereLandba, orderType, orderLandba); } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="TKey">排序字段类型</typeparam> /// <param name="pageIndex">页码【从1开始】</param> /// <param name="pageNumber">每页记录数</param> /// <param name="totalNumber">总记录数</param> /// <param name="whereLandba">查询表达式</param> /// <param name="orderType">排序类型</param> /// <param name="orderLandba">排序表达式</param> /// <returns></returns> public IQueryable<T> FindPageList<TKey>(int pageIndex, int pageNumber, out int totalNumber, Expression<Func<T, bool>> whereLandba, OrderType orderType, Expression<Func<T, TKey>> orderLandba) { return FindPageList<TKey>(pageIndex, pageNumber, out totalNumber, whereLandba, orderType, orderLandba); } } }
二、User项目
1、建立管理员模型
在User项目的引用上点右键添加System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations的引用和Ninesky.Data项目、E的引用。
在User项目上点右键新建文件夹Models，在文件夹中添加类Administrator。代码如下：
using System; using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations; namespace Ninesky.User.Models { /// <summary> /// 管理员模型 /// <remarks> /// 创建：2014.12.13 /// </remarks> /// </summary> public class Administrator { [Key] public int AdministratorID { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 管理员账号 /// </summary> [Required(ErrorMessage = "必须输入{0}")] [Display(Name = "管理员账号")] public string Account { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 管理员名称 /// </summary> [Required(ErrorMessage = "必须输入{0}")] [Display(Name = "管理员名称")] public string Name { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 密码 /// </summary> [Required(ErrorMessage = "必须输入{0}")] [Display(Name = "密码")] [DataType(DataType.Password)] public string Password { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 创建时间 /// </summary> public DateTime CreateDate { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 上次登陆Ip /// </summary> public string LoginIp { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 上次登陆日期 /// </summary> public Nullable<DateTime> LoginTime { get; set; } } }
2、建立管理员业务逻辑类
在User项目上点右键添加AdministratorService类，该类继承自BaseService。
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; using Ninesky.Data; using Ninesky.User.Models; namespace Ninesky.User { /// <summary> /// 管理员业务逻辑类 /// <remarks> /// 创建：2014.12.13 /// </remarks> /// </summary> public class AdministratorService:BaseService<Administrator> { public AdministratorService(DbContext dbContext) : base(dbContext) { } } }
三、Website项目
1、添加User项目的引用上右键添加对User项目的引用。
2、建立数据上下文
在Site项目上点右键添加类【NineskyDbContext】，继承自DbContext
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using System.Data.Entity; using Ninesky.User.Models; namespace Ninesky.Website { /// <summary> /// 网站数据上下文 /// <remarks> /// 创建：2014.12.13 /// </remarks> /// </summary> public class NineskyDbContext : DbContext { public DbSet<Administrator> Administrators { get; set; } public NineskyDbContext() : base("name=NineskyConnection") { Database.SetInitializer<NineskyDbContext>(new CreateDatabaseIfNotExists<NineskyDbContext>()); } } }
3、建立数据库连接
打开Web.config文件，在</configSections><appSettings>之间添加数据库的连接
<connectionStrings> <add name="NineskyConnection" connectionString="Data Source=(LocalDb)\v11.0;AttachDbFilename=|DataDirectory|\Ninesky.mdf;Initial Catalog=Ninesky;Integrated Security=True;MultipleActiveResultSets=True" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient" /> </connectionStrings>
4、建立简单工厂
在Website项目上点右键添加类【ContextFactory】，代码如下：
using System.Runtime.Remoting.Messaging; namespace Ninesky.Website { /// <summary> /// 上下文简单工厂 /// <remarks> /// 创建：2014.12.13 /// </remarks> /// </summary> public class ContextFactory { /// <summary> /// 获取当前数据上下文 /// </summary> /// <returns>数据上下文</returns> public static NineskyDbContext GetCurrentContext() { NineskyDbContext _nineskyDbContext = CallContext.GetData("NineskyDbContext") as NineskyDbContext; if (_nineskyDbContext == null) { _nineskyDbContext = new NineskyDbContext(); CallContext.SetData("NineskyDbContext", _nineskyDbContext); } return _nineskyDbContext; } } }
5、Config区域主界面
在Site项目的Config区域的Controller文件夹上点右键添加Home控制器，类型选择【MVC5控制器-空】。在添加的控制器中添加【Index】 action
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using System.Web.Mvc; namespace Ninesky.Website.Areas.Config.Controllers { /// <summary> /// 主界面 /// <remarks> /// 创建：2014.12.13 /// </remarks> /// </summary> public class HomeController : Controller { // GET: Config/Home public ActionResult Index() { return View(); } } }
在Config区域Views/Share文件夹添加布局页【_Layout.cshtml】
在Index action上右键添加一个空视图
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