【备忘】Ubuntu16.04中，为pip更换国内清华源，以及更换apt源

1.pip更换源

修改文件：~/pip/pip.conf
（若没有就创建一个）（在任意目录下均可进行此操作）
在pip.conf文件中添加如下内容：

[global]
index-url = https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

另：国内的另一些源镜像
阿里云 ：http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
中国科技大学： https://pypi.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/simple/
豆瓣(douban)： http://pypi.douban.com/simple/
清华大学： https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/
中国科学技术大学 ：http://pypi.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/simple/

顺便记录一下在Windows中更换pip源为国内源的步骤：
直接在user目录中创建一个pip目录，如：C:\Users\xxx\pip
然后在pip文件夹中新建pip.ini，随后在文件中添加以下内容：

[global]
index-url = https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

2. apt更换源

1. 备份系统默认源

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.old

此步骤可以不做，但为了以防将来可能有用，所以还是最后备份一下。

2. 更换源

sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list

打开文档之后，可在下面的各种国内源中任选其一，我用的是清华的源，然后复制粘贴，最后保存关闭。

清华源：

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse

网易源：

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily-backports main restricted universe multiverse

阿里云：

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe

3. 更新源

sudo apt-get update

全程结束~