Qt简单项目实例之（一）——2048游戏

先来看下整体效果截图：

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1.1 整体结构

• 将整个界面抽象为一个4*4的二维矩阵，矩阵存储当前格的数字，若为空则置0。
• 随机在空白区域产生一个随机数，随着得分的不断增加，产生大数字的概率逐渐增大。
• 根据按键输入，读入方向键。并调用合并函数进行合并。

2.2 界面搭建

界面抽象为一个4*4的二维矩阵,我们采用Qt自带的方法进行样式和风格进行设置：

 // set default size
    resize(650,450);

    // create the main layout
    mainLayout = new QVBoxLayout();
    setLayout(mainLayout);

    // will be created in drawBoard()
    boardLayout = NULL;

    // create the game and register as observer
    game = new Game(4);
    game->registerObserver(this);

    // create the gui board and draw it
    gui_board.resize(game->getGameBoard()->getDimension());
    for (int i = 0; i < game->getGameBoard()->getDimension(); ++i)
        gui_board[i].resize(game->getGameBoard()->getDimension());
    for (int i = 0; i < game->getGameBoard()->getDimension(); ++i)
        for (int j = 0; j < game->getGameBoard()->getDimension(); ++j)
            gui_board[i][j] = NULL;
    drawBoard();

    // create the score widget and add it to the board
    score = new QLabel(QString("SCORE: %1").arg(game->getScore()));
    score->setStyleSheet("QLabel { color: rgb(235,224,214); font: 16pt; }");
    score->setFixedHeight(50);
    mainLayout->insertWidget(1, score, 0, Qt::AlignRight);

    // style sheet of the board
    setStyleSheet("QGameBoard { background-color: rgb(187,173,160) }");

    connect(gameOverWindow.getResetBtn(), SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(resetGame()));

2.3 键盘按钮事件处理

在游戏开始之后，键盘事件分为上、下、左、右进行操作，对各个格子的数字进行移动。

void QGameBoard::keyPressEvent(QKeyEvent *event)
{
    switch (event->key()) {
    case Qt::Key_Up:
        game->move(UP);
        break;
    case Qt::Key_Left:
        game->move(LEFT);
        break;
    case Qt::Key_Right:
        game->move(RIGHT);
        break;
    case Qt::Key_Down:
        game->move(DOWN);
        break;
    }
}


//*************************************************************
void Board::move(Direction direction)
{
    Board pre_move_board(*this);

    prepareForNextMove();

    switch (direction) {
    case UP:
        for (int i = 0; i < dimension; ++i)
            for (int j = 0; j < dimension; ++j)
                moveVertically(i,j,UP);
        break;
    case DOWN:
        for (int i = dimension-1; i >= 0; --i)
            for (int j = 0; j < dimension; ++j)
                moveVertically(i,j,DOWN);
        break;
    case LEFT:
        for (int i = 0; i < dimension; ++i)
            for (int j = 0; j < dimension; ++j)
                moveHorizontally(i,j,LEFT);
        break;
    case RIGHT:
        for (int i = 0; i < dimension; ++i)
            for (int j = dimension-1; j >= 0; --j)
                moveHorizontally(i,j, RIGHT);
    }

    // if the board has changed (and there was no tile collision), place a new tile
    if (changed(pre_move_board) /*&& !tileCollisionLastRound*/) {
        QVector newpos = freePosition();
        board[newpos[0]][newpos[1]] = new Tile();
    }

    notifyObservers();
}

2.4 界面绘制与得分统计

通过键盘移动事件操作来控制游戏，在操作过程中对得分进行统计，并在界面进行显示；

void QGameBoard::drawBoard()
{
    delete boardLayout;
    boardLayout = new QGridLayout();
    for (int i = 0; i < game->getGameBoard()->getDimension(); ++i) {
        for (int j = 0; j < game->getGameBoard()->getDimension(); ++j) {
            delete gui_board[i][j];
            gui_board[i][j] = new QTile(game->getGameBoard()->getTile(i,j));
            boardLayout->addWidget(gui_board[i][j], i, j);
            gui_board[i][j]->draw();
        }
    }
    mainLayout->insertLayout(0, boardLayout);
}


void QGameBoard::resetGame()
{
    game->restart();
    drawBoard();
    score->setText(QString("SCORE: %1").arg(game->getScore()));
    gameOverWindow.hide();
}