SpringBoot使用邮箱发送验证码实现注册功能实例

这里有两种方式:
使用Apache Common包中开源的email组件,通过实例化HtmlEmail()对象,可通过配置外置字典、或yml等配置文件实现灵活配置;
依赖:


    org.apache.commons
    commons-email
    1.5

使用SpringBoot Starter email组件;
依赖:


    org.springframework.boot
    spring-boot-starter-mail

我这里是采用的第一种方式,简单易懂;

首先需要配置Email的各项参数,其中hostname、host、username、passsword(注意:此处的密码并不是登录的密码,而是邮箱开启smtp服务的令牌);
我这里使用SpringBoot的yml配置文件,可以通过切换不同的环境:local/dev/test/pro/prod等等环境实现灵活配置,该配置为自定义配置;
我此处使用的是本人的163邮箱,在实际开发中需要换为公司的或项目专用邮箱;
(注意:此种方式有缺陷,即为不能从外部进行灵活配置,只能写死配置文件,在实际使用上应该配置为数据字典,可以在外部直接进行灵活配置)

yml:

##Email配置
email:
  host-name: smtp.163.com #服务地址,可以直接在web端登录,找到smtp服务看到,163邮箱默认开放25端口,可暂时不设置
  authentication:
    username: xxx.163.com
    password: xxx #手动的设置令牌
  form:
    mail: [email protected] #发送方,必须为你设置的username一致
    name: elog #发送方显示的名称,可以随意设置
  charset: UTF-8 #编码格式,一般设置为UTF-8

util:

package com.hisw.rest.utils;

import com.hisw.common.exception.RRException;
import org.apache.commons.mail.HtmlEmail;
/**
 * @ClassName EmailCodeUtils
 * @Description TODO 邮箱验证码工具类
 * @Author liwenju
 * @Date 2019/5/15 14:20
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
public class EmailCodeUtils {

    /**
     * 生成6位随机验证码
     * @return
     */
    public static String getNumber(){
        String str = "1234567890ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
        String code = "";
        for(int i= 0;i<6;i++){
            int index = (int)(Math.random()*str.length());
            code+=str.charAt(index);
        }
        return code;
    }

    /**
     * 发送邮箱验证码
     * @param receiverEmail
     * @param subject
     * @param msg
     */
    public static void sendEmailCode(String EMAIL_HOST_NAME,String EMAIL_FORM_MAIL,
                              String EMAIL_FORM_NAME,String EMAIL_AUTHENTICATION_USERNAME,
                              String EMAIL_AUTHENTICATION_PASSWORD,String receiverEmail,
                              String subject,String msg){
        try{
            HtmlEmail email = new HtmlEmail();
            email.setHostName(EMAIL_HOST_NAME);
            email.setCharset("utf-8");
            email.setFrom(EMAIL_FORM_MAIL,EMAIL_FORM_NAME);
            email.setAuthentication(EMAIL_AUTHENTICATION_USERNAME,EMAIL_AUTHENTICATION_PASSWORD);
            email.addTo(receiverEmail);
            email.setSubject(subject);
            email.setMsg(msg);
            email.send();
        }catch (Exception ex){
            throw new Exception("发送验证码失败,原因:"+ex.getMessage());
        }
    }

}

注意:在静态工具类的方法中,不可直接调用@Value(value="$xxx")来获取yml的配置文件的参数值,否则会获取不到值。故不在该util类中直获取。如下所示:

/**
 * 获取邮箱配置
 */
@Value(value = "${email.host-name}")
public String EMAIL_HOST_NAME;

方法示例:

/**
 * 获取邮箱配置
 */
@Value(value = "${email.host-name}")
public String EMAIL_HOST_NAME;

@Value(value = "${email.authentication.username}")
public String EMAIL_AUTHENTICATION_USERNAME;

@Value(value = "${email.authentication.password}")
public String EMAIL_AUTHENTICATION_PASSWORD;

@Value(value = "${email.charset}")
public String EMAIL_CHARSET;

@Value(value = "${email.form.mail}")
public String EMAIL_FORM_MAIL;

@Value(value = "${email.form.name}")
public String EMAIL_FORM_NAME;

@Autowired
private SysUserDao sysUserDao;

@Autowired
private SysUserTokenDao sysUserTokenDao;

@Autowired
private RedisUtils redisUtils;

private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoginUserServiceImpl.class);
/**
 * 验证码过期时间60s
 */
private Integer redisExpire = 60 * 1000;

/***
 * 根据邮箱验证用户
 * @param account
 * @return
 */
public SysUserEntity queryByEmail(String account){
    SysUserEntity sysUserEntity = new SysUserEntity();
    sysUserEntity.setEmail(account);
    return sysUserDao.selectOne(sysUserEntity);
}

/**
 * 判断该邮箱是否已存在
 * @param email
 * @return
 */
public Boolean checkEmail(String email){
    //首先判断该用户是否已存在
    if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(email)){
        EntityWrapper userEntityWrapper = new EntityWrapper<>();
        userEntityWrapper.eq("email",email);
        List sysUserList = sysUserDao.selectList(userEntityWrapper);
        //如果已存在该用户
        return sysUserList.size() <= 0;
    }
    return true;
}

/**
 *发送邮箱验证码
 *
 */
public R sendRegisterEmailCode(String email) {
    try {
        //验证邮箱规则
        if (!RegexUtils.checkEmail(email)){
            throw new RRException("The mailbox does not conform to the specification!");
        }
        if (!checkEmail(email)){
            throw new RRException("This mailbox already exists. Please change the user's email and try again!");
        }
        String emailCode = EmailCodeUtils.getNumber();
        //发送验证码
        EmailCodeUtils.sendEmailCode(EMAIL_HOST_NAME, EMAIL_FORM_MAIL,
                EMAIL_FORM_NAME, EMAIL_AUTHENTICATION_USERNAME,
                EMAIL_AUTHENTICATION_PASSWORD, email, EmailTextTemplate.REGISTER_SUBJECT,
                EmailTextTemplate.REGISTER_CONTENT + emailCode + EmailTextTemplate.CONTENT_SUFFIX);
        logger.info("验证码发送成功:{}", email);
        //发送成功,将该验证码按照规定格式放入redis
        redisUtils.set(RestRedisConstant.REST_ELOG_REGISTER_EMAIL_CODE_KEY + email, emailCode, redisExpire);
        logger.info("Redis存储验证码成功:{}", emailCode);
        return R.ok("The verification code has been sent to your mailbox and is valid for 60 seconds.");
    } catch (Exception ex) {
        return R.error(ex.getMessage());
    }
}


/**
 *验证验证码
 /
 public R checkRegisterEmailCode(String email, String code) {
    try {
        String redisCode = redisUtils.get(RestRedisConstant.REST_ELOG_REGISTER_EMAIL_CODE_KEY+email);
        //判断是否已过期
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(redisCode)){
            return R.error("The E-mail verification code has expired, please try again.");
        }
        //判断验证码是否正确
        if (!StringUtils.equals(redisCode,code)){
            return R.error("The E-mail verification code is wrong. Please try again.");
        }
        //验证成功,从redis中移除该key&value
        redisUtils.delete(RestRedisConstant.REST_ELOG_REGISTER_EMAIL_CODE_KEY+email);
       return R.ok("The E-mail verification code has been verified.");
    }catch (Exception ex){
        throw new RRException(ex.getMessage());
    }
}

说明:R.error (msg)/ throw new RRExcepion(msg)中,msg应该以enum或常量的方式组织起来;
在发送验证码、校验验证码时,应该有一个工具类,验证一个邮箱在特定的短时间内只能发送或验证几次验证码,超过此限制,应该拒绝处理请求;

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