这里有两种方式:
使用Apache Common包中开源的email组件,通过实例化HtmlEmail()对象,可通过配置外置字典、或yml等配置文件实现灵活配置;
依赖:
org.apache.commons
commons-email
1.5
使用SpringBoot Starter email组件;
依赖:
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-mail
我这里是采用的第一种方式,简单易懂;
首先需要配置Email的各项参数,其中hostname、host、username、passsword(注意:此处的密码并不是登录的密码,而是邮箱开启smtp服务的令牌);
我这里使用SpringBoot的yml配置文件,可以通过切换不同的环境:local/dev/test/pro/prod等等环境实现灵活配置,该配置为自定义配置;
我此处使用的是本人的163邮箱,在实际开发中需要换为公司的或项目专用邮箱;
(注意:此种方式有缺陷,即为不能从外部进行灵活配置,只能写死配置文件,在实际使用上应该配置为数据字典,可以在外部直接进行灵活配置)
yml:
##Email配置
email:
host-name: smtp.163.com #服务地址,可以直接在web端登录,找到smtp服务看到,163邮箱默认开放25端口,可暂时不设置
authentication:
username: xxx.163.com
password: xxx #手动的设置令牌
form:
mail: [email protected] #发送方,必须为你设置的username一致
name: elog #发送方显示的名称,可以随意设置
charset: UTF-8 #编码格式,一般设置为UTF-8
util:
package com.hisw.rest.utils;
import com.hisw.common.exception.RRException;
import org.apache.commons.mail.HtmlEmail;
/**
* @ClassName EmailCodeUtils
* @Description TODO 邮箱验证码工具类
* @Author liwenju
* @Date 2019/5/15 14:20
* @Version 1.0
**/
public class EmailCodeUtils {
/**
* 生成6位随机验证码
* @return
*/
public static String getNumber(){
String str = "1234567890ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
String code = "";
for(int i= 0;i<6;i++){
int index = (int)(Math.random()*str.length());
code+=str.charAt(index);
}
return code;
}
/**
* 发送邮箱验证码
* @param receiverEmail
* @param subject
* @param msg
*/
public static void sendEmailCode(String EMAIL_HOST_NAME,String EMAIL_FORM_MAIL,
String EMAIL_FORM_NAME,String EMAIL_AUTHENTICATION_USERNAME,
String EMAIL_AUTHENTICATION_PASSWORD,String receiverEmail,
String subject,String msg){
try{
HtmlEmail email = new HtmlEmail();
email.setHostName(EMAIL_HOST_NAME);
email.setCharset("utf-8");
email.setFrom(EMAIL_FORM_MAIL,EMAIL_FORM_NAME);
email.setAuthentication(EMAIL_AUTHENTICATION_USERNAME,EMAIL_AUTHENTICATION_PASSWORD);
email.addTo(receiverEmail);
email.setSubject(subject);
email.setMsg(msg);
email.send();
}catch (Exception ex){
throw new Exception("发送验证码失败,原因:"+ex.getMessage());
}
}
}
注意:在静态工具类的方法中,不可直接调用@Value(value="$xxx")来获取yml的配置文件的参数值,否则会获取不到值。故不在该util类中直获取。如下所示:
/**
* 获取邮箱配置
*/
@Value(value = "${email.host-name}")
public String EMAIL_HOST_NAME;
方法示例:
/**
* 获取邮箱配置
*/
@Value(value = "${email.host-name}")
public String EMAIL_HOST_NAME;
@Value(value = "${email.authentication.username}")
public String EMAIL_AUTHENTICATION_USERNAME;
@Value(value = "${email.authentication.password}")
public String EMAIL_AUTHENTICATION_PASSWORD;
@Value(value = "${email.charset}")
public String EMAIL_CHARSET;
@Value(value = "${email.form.mail}")
public String EMAIL_FORM_MAIL;
@Value(value = "${email.form.name}")
public String EMAIL_FORM_NAME;
@Autowired
private SysUserDao sysUserDao;
@Autowired
private SysUserTokenDao sysUserTokenDao;
@Autowired
private RedisUtils redisUtils;
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoginUserServiceImpl.class);
/**
* 验证码过期时间60s
*/
private Integer redisExpire = 60 * 1000;
/***
* 根据邮箱验证用户
* @param account
* @return
*/
public SysUserEntity queryByEmail(String account){
SysUserEntity sysUserEntity = new SysUserEntity();
sysUserEntity.setEmail(account);
return sysUserDao.selectOne(sysUserEntity);
}
/**
* 判断该邮箱是否已存在
* @param email
* @return
*/
public Boolean checkEmail(String email){
//首先判断该用户是否已存在
if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(email)){
EntityWrapper userEntityWrapper = new EntityWrapper<>();
userEntityWrapper.eq("email",email);
List sysUserList = sysUserDao.selectList(userEntityWrapper);
//如果已存在该用户
return sysUserList.size() <= 0;
}
return true;
}
/**
*发送邮箱验证码
*
*/
public R sendRegisterEmailCode(String email) {
try {
//验证邮箱规则
if (!RegexUtils.checkEmail(email)){
throw new RRException("The mailbox does not conform to the specification!");
}
if (!checkEmail(email)){
throw new RRException("This mailbox already exists. Please change the user's email and try again!");
}
String emailCode = EmailCodeUtils.getNumber();
//发送验证码
EmailCodeUtils.sendEmailCode(EMAIL_HOST_NAME, EMAIL_FORM_MAIL,
EMAIL_FORM_NAME, EMAIL_AUTHENTICATION_USERNAME,
EMAIL_AUTHENTICATION_PASSWORD, email, EmailTextTemplate.REGISTER_SUBJECT,
EmailTextTemplate.REGISTER_CONTENT + emailCode + EmailTextTemplate.CONTENT_SUFFIX);
logger.info("验证码发送成功:{}", email);
//发送成功,将该验证码按照规定格式放入redis
redisUtils.set(RestRedisConstant.REST_ELOG_REGISTER_EMAIL_CODE_KEY + email, emailCode, redisExpire);
logger.info("Redis存储验证码成功:{}", emailCode);
return R.ok("The verification code has been sent to your mailbox and is valid for 60 seconds.");
} catch (Exception ex) {
return R.error(ex.getMessage());
}
}
/**
*验证验证码
/
public R checkRegisterEmailCode(String email, String code) {
try {
String redisCode = redisUtils.get(RestRedisConstant.REST_ELOG_REGISTER_EMAIL_CODE_KEY+email);
//判断是否已过期
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(redisCode)){
return R.error("The E-mail verification code has expired, please try again.");
}
//判断验证码是否正确
if (!StringUtils.equals(redisCode,code)){
return R.error("The E-mail verification code is wrong. Please try again.");
}
//验证成功,从redis中移除该key&value
redisUtils.delete(RestRedisConstant.REST_ELOG_REGISTER_EMAIL_CODE_KEY+email);
return R.ok("The E-mail verification code has been verified.");
}catch (Exception ex){
throw new RRException(ex.getMessage());
}
}
说明:R.error (msg)/ throw new RRExcepion(msg)中,msg应该以enum或常量的方式组织起来;
在发送验证码、校验验证码时,应该有一个工具类,验证一个邮箱在特定的短时间内只能发送或验证几次验证码,超过此限制,应该拒绝处理请求;