Kubernetes创建资源对象（六）
Kubernetes支持YAML和JSON格式创建资源对象
1、JSON格式用于接口之间消息的传递
2、YAML格式用于配置和管理
YAML是一种简洁的非标记性语言
语法格式：
缩进标识层级关系
不支持制表符缩进，使用空格缩进
通常开头缩进两个空格
字符后缩进一个空格，如冒号，逗号等
“---”表示YAML格式，一个文件的开始
“#”表示注释
查看具体资源的详细信息
1、创建pod
[root@localhost ~]# kubectl run nginx --image=nginx:latest --port=80 --replicas=3
kubectl run --generator=deployment/apps.v1beta1 is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl create instead.
deployment.apps/nginx created
2、查看pod，状态为ContainerCreating
[root@localhost ~]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
nginx-7697996758-j5cwn 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 17s
nginx-7697996758-nw2v4 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 17s
nginx-7697996758-sxkp9 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 17s
3、处于动态监听状态
[root@localhost ~]# kubectl get pods -w
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
nginx-7697996758-j5cwn 1/1 Running 0 39s
nginx-7697996758-nw2v4 1/1 Running 0 39s
nginx-7697996758-sxkp9 1/1 Running 0 39s
4、再查看，状态为Running
[root@localhost ~]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
nginx-7697996758-j5cwn 1/1 Running 0 79s
nginx-7697996758-nw2v4 1/1 Running 0 79s
nginx-7697996758-sxkp9 1/1 Running 0 79s
5、查看镜像资源
[root@localhost ~]# kubectl describe pod nginx-7697996758-j5cwn
Name: nginx-7697996758-j5cwn
Namespace: default
Priority: 0
PriorityClassName:
Node: 192.168.35.102/192.168.35.102
Start Time: Wed, 12 Feb 2020 00:07:58 +0800
Labels: pod-template-hash=7697996758
run=nginx
Annotations:
Status: Running
IP: 172.17.68.2
Controlled By: ReplicaSet/nginx-7697996758
Containers:
nginx:
Container ID: docker://a55be62040ad1bc1667d48a5b4adab626af857bcbb3f4985591381cf19b1f3ff
Image: nginx:latest
Image ID: docker-pullable://nginx@sha256:ad5552c786f128e389a0263104ae39f3d3c7895579d45ae716f528185b36bc6f
Port: 80/TCP
Host Port: 0/TCP
State: Running
Started: Wed, 12 Feb 2020 00:08:14 +0800
Ready: True
Restart Count: 0
Environment:
Mounts:
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-r5ql5 (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
Initialized True
Ready True
ContainersReady True
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
default-token-r5ql5:
Type: Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
SecretName: default-token-r5ql5
6、查看deployment资源
[root@localhost ~]# kubectl describe deployment/nginx
Name: nginx
Namespace: default
CreationTimestamp: Wed, 12 Feb 2020 00:07:57 +0800
Labels: run=nginx
Annotations: deployment.kubernetes.io/revision: 1
Selector: run=nginx
Replicas: 3 desired | 3 updated | 3 total | 3 available | 0 unavailable
StrategyType: RollingUpdate
MinReadySeconds: 0
RollingUpdateStrategy: 25% max unavailable, 25% max surge
Pod Template:
Labels: run=nginx
Containers:
nginx:
Image: nginx:latest
Port: 80/TCP
Host Port: 0/TCP
Environment:
Mounts:
Volumes:
Conditions:
Type Status Reason
---- ------ ------
Available True MinimumReplicasAvailable
Progressing True NewReplicaSetAvailable
OldReplicaSets:
NewReplicaSet: nginx-7697996758 (3/3 replicas created)
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal ScalingReplicaSet 7m1s deployment-controller Scaled up replica set nginx-7697996758 to 3
用YAML格式创建资源对象
1、首先删除之前所创建的资源
[root@localhost ~]# kubectl get deployment 查看deployment资源
NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
nginx 3 3 3 3 3d17h
[root@localhost ~]# kubectl delete deployment/nginx #删除镜像资源
deployment.extensions "nginx" deleted
[root@localhost ~]# kubectl get deployment 再次查看deployment资源，确保删除成功
No resources found.[root@localhost ~]# kubectl get svc #查看是否有服务运行，有的话删除
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kubernetes ClusterIP 10.0.0.1443/TCP 7d3h
2、查看版本名称
[root@localhost ~]# kubectl api-versions
admissionregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1
apiextensions.k8s.io/v1beta1
apiregistration.k8s.io/v1
apiregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1
apps/v1
apps/v1beta1
apps/v1beta2
authentication.k8s.io/v1
authentication.k8s.io/v1beta1
authorization.k8s.io/v1
authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
autoscaling/v1
autoscaling/v2beta1
autoscaling/v2beta2
batch/v1
batch/v1beta1
certificates.k8s.io/v1beta1
coordination.k8s.io/v1beta1
events.k8s.io/v1beta1
extensions/v1beta1
networking.k8s.io/v1
policy/v1beta1
rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
scheduling.k8s.io/v1beta1
storage.k8s.io/v1
storage.k8s.io/v1beta1
v1
3、编写yaml文件进行资源创建
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir demo
[root@localhost ~]# cd demo/
[root@localhost demo]# vim nginx-deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx-deployment
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx:1.15.4
ports:
- containerPort: 80
4、查看 kubectl create命令语法
[root@localhost demo]# kubectl create --help
Usage:
kubectl create -f FILENAME [options]
5、创建nginx资源
[root@localhost demo]# kubectl create -f nginx-deployment.yaml
deployment.apps/nginx-deployment created
6、查看pod资源状态
[root@localhost demo]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
nginx-deployment-d55b94fd-7998c 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 14s
nginx-deployment-d55b94fd-79k65 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 14s
nginx-deployment-d55b94fd-pvjgd 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 14s
[root@localhost demo]# kubectl get pods -w #处于动态监听状态
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
nginx-deployment-d55b94fd-7998c 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 29s
nginx-deployment-d55b94fd-79k65 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 29s
nginx-deployment-d55b94fd-pvjgd 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 29s
nginx-deployment-d55b94fd-79k65 1/1 Running 0 36s
nginx-deployment-d55b94fd-pvjgd 1/1 Running 0 40s
nginx-deployment-d55b94fd-7998c 1/1 Running 0 51s
^C[root@localhost demo]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
nginx-deployment-d55b94fd-7998c 1/1 Running 0 71s
nginx-deployment-d55b94fd-79k65 1/1 Running 0 71s
nginx-deployment-d55b94fd-pvjgd 1/1 Running 0 71s[root@localhost demo]# kubectl get deploy #查看资源
NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
nginx-deployment 3 3 3 3 7m54s
7、编写yaml文件进行资源发布
[root@localhost demo]# vim nginx-service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: nginx-service
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
type: NodePort
ports:
- port: 80
targetPort: 80
selector:
app: nginx
8、发布并查看
[root@localhost demo]# kubectl create -f nginx-service.yaml
service/nginx-service created
[root@localhost demo]# kubectl get svc
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kubernetes ClusterIP 10.0.0.1443/TCP 7d5h
nginx-service NodePort 10.0.0.13480:32509/TCP 5s
9、在node节点查看
node1：
[root@localhost ~]# ipvsadm -L -n
TCP 192.168.35.101:32509 rr
-> 172.17.45.2:80 Masq 1 0 0
-> 172.17.45.4:80 Masq 1 0 0
-> 172.17.68.2:80 Masq 1 0 0
node2：
[root@localhost ~]# ipvsadm -L -n
TCP 192.168.35.102:32509 rr
-> 172.17.45.2:80 Masq 1 0 0
-> 172.17.45.4:80 Masq 1 0 0
-> 172.17.68.2:80 Masq 1 0 0
10、在浏览器上可以进行访问
11、自动测试命令的正确性，并不执行创建
[root@localhost demo]# kubectl run nginx-deployment --image=nginx --port=80 --replicas=3 --dry-run
kubectl run --generator=deployment/apps.v1beta1 is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl create instead.
deployment.apps/nginx-deployment created (dry run)
12、查看生成yaml格式
[root@localhost demo]# kubectl run nginx-deployment --image=nginx --port=80 --replicas=3 --dry-run -o yaml
kubectl run --generator=deployment/apps.v1beta1 is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl create instead.
apiVersion: apps/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
creationTimestamp: null
labels:
run: nginx-deployment
name: nginx-deployment
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
run: nginx-deployment
strategy: {}
template:
metadata:
creationTimestamp: null
labels:
run: nginx-deployment
spec:
containers:
- image: nginx
name: nginx-deployment
ports:
- containerPort: 80
resources: {}
status: {}
13、查看生成json格式
[root@localhost demo]# kubectl run nginx-deployment --image=nginx --port=80 --replicas=3 --dry-run -o json
kubectl run --generator=deployment/apps.v1beta1 is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl create instead.
{
"kind": "Deployment",
"apiVersion": "apps/v1beta1",
"metadata": {
"name": "nginx-deployment",
"creationTimestamp": null,
"labels": {
"run": "nginx-deployment"
}
},
"spec": {
"replicas": 3,
"selector": {
"matchLabels": {
"run": "nginx-deployment"
}
},
"template": {
"metadata": {
"creationTimestamp": null,
"labels": {
"run": "nginx-deployment"
}
},
"spec": {
"containers": [
{
"name": "nginx-deployment",
"image": "nginx",
"ports": [
{
"containerPort": 80
}
],
"resources": {}
}
]
}
},
"strategy": {}
},
"status": {}
}
14、因为写的语法比较严格，可以把现成的模板重定向保存出来一份，修修改改就可以了。
[root@localhost demo]# kubectl run nginx-deployment --image=nginx --port=80 --replicas=3 --dry-run -o yaml > my-deployment.yaml
kubectl run --generator=deployment/apps.v1beta1 is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl create instead.
[root@localhost demo]# ls
my-deployment.yaml nginx-deployment.yaml nginx-service.yaml[root@localhost demo]# vim my-deployment.yaml #一些不需要的可以删掉
apiVersion: apps/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
creationTimestamp: null #删掉
labels:
run: nginx-deployment
name: nginx-deployment
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
run: nginx-deployment
strategy: {} #删掉
template:
metadata:
creationTimestamp: null #删掉
labels:
run: nginx-deployment
spec:
containers:
- image: nginx
name: nginx-deployment
ports:
- containerPort: 80
resources: {} #删掉
status: {} #删掉
15、将现有的资源生成模板导出
[root@localhost demo]# kubectl get deploy
NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
nginx-deployment 3 3 3 3 160m
[root@localhost demo]# kubectl get deploy/nginx-deployment --export -o yaml
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
annotations:
deployment.kubernetes.io/revision: "1"
creationTimestamp: null
generation: 1
labels:
app: nginx
name: nginx-deployment
selfLink: /apis/extensions/v1beta1/namespaces/default/deployments/nginx-deployment
spec:
progressDeadlineSeconds: 600
replicas: 3
revisionHistoryLimit: 10
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx
strategy:
rollingUpdate:
maxSurge: 25%
maxUnavailable: 25%
type: RollingUpdate
template:
metadata:
creationTimestamp: null
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
containers:
- image: nginx:1.15.4
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
name: nginx
ports:
- containerPort: 80
protocol: TCP
resources: {}
terminationMessagePath: /dev/termination-log
terminationMessagePolicy: File
dnsPolicy: ClusterFirst
restartPolicy: Always
schedulerName: default-scheduler
securityContext: {}
terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30
status: {}
15、保存到文件中
[root@localhost demo]# kubectl get deploy/nginx-deployment --export -o yaml > my-deploy.yaml
[root@localhost demo]# ls
my-deployment.yaml my-deploy.yaml nginx-deployment.yaml nginx-service.yaml
16、查看字段帮助信息
[root@localhost demo]# kubectl explain pods.spec.containers