OSPF协议配置
OSPF协议配置
实验目的
通过本实验，可以掌握以下技能：
- 配置接口IP地址。
- 配置OSPF协议。
- 验证OSPF协议配置。
设备需求
Cisco路由器3台，分别命名为twins、sa和gill。其中twins具有2个串行接口；sa具有1个以太网接口和一个串行接口；gill具有1个以太网接口和一个串行接口。
- 1条交叉线序双绞线。
- 2条串行接口线。
- 1台access server，及用于反向Telnet的相应电缆。
- 1台带有超级终端程序的PC机，以及Console电缆及转接器
。
拓扑结构及接口IP配置
实验的拓扑结构如图10-6所示。通过2对交叉线序双绞线分别把twins和sa连接起来，twins和gill连接起来。
图10-6 实验的拓扑结构
各路由器使用的接口及其编号见图10-6所示的标注，各接口IP地址分配如下：
twins：S0: 172.16.10.5 S1: 172.16.20.5
sa：S0: 172.16.10.6 E0: 10.0.10.1
gill：S0: 172.16.20.6 E0: 10.0.10.2
实验配置文档
1. 基本网络配置
twins:(S0: 172.16.10.5 S1: 172.16.20.5)
S0:
AoChengKaoRt#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
AoChengKaoRt(config)#interface Serial0/0/0
AoChengKaoRt(config-if)#ip address 172.16.10.5 255.255.255.0
AoChengKaoRt(config-if)#no shut downS1:
AoChengKaoRt(config)#interface Serial0/0/1
AoChengKaoRt(config-if)#ip address 172.16.20.5 255.255.255.0
AoChengKaoRt(config-if)#no shut downsa(S0: 172.16.10.6 E0: 10.0.10.1)
E0:
AoChengKaoRs(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0
AoChengKaoRs(config-if)#ip address 10.0.10.1 255.255.255.0
AoChengKaoRs(config-if)#no shut downS0:
记得要配时钟
AoChengKaoRs(config)#interface Serial0/0/0
AoChengKaoRs(config-if)#clock rate 500000
AoChengKaoRs(config-if)#ip address 172.16.10.6 255.255.255.0
AoChengKaoRs(config-if)#no shut downgill：(S0: 172.16.20.6 E0: 10.0.10.2)
S0
AoChengKaoRg(config)#interface Serial0/0/0
AoChengKaoRg(config-if)#clock rate 500000
AoChengKaoRg(config-if)#ip address 172.16.20.6 255.255.255.0
AoChengKaoRg(config-if)#no shut downE0
AoChengKaoRg(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0
AoChengKaoRg(config-if)#ip address 10.0.10.2 255.255.255.0
AoChengKaoRg(config-if)#no shut down2. 配置OSPF协议
AoChengKaoRs
AoChengKaoRs#config t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
AoChengKaoRs(config)#router ospf 10
AoChengKaoRs(config-router)#router-id 172.168.10.6
AoChengKaoRs(config-router)#Network 172.16.10.0 255.255.255.0 area 0
AoChengKaoRs(config-router)#Network 10.0.10.0 255.255.255.0 area 0
AoChengKaoRt
AoChengKaoRt#
AoChengKaoRt#config t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
AoChengKaoRt(config)#Router ospf 10
AoChengKaoRt(config-router)#Router-id 172.16.10.5
AoChengKaoRt(config-router)#Network 172.16.10.0 255.255.255.0 area 0
AoChengKaoRt(config-router)#Network 172.16.20.0 255.255.255.0 area 0
AoChengKaoRg
AoChengKaoRg#
AoChengKaoRg#config t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
AoChengKaoRg(config)#Router ospf 10
AoChengKaoRg(config-router)#Router-id 10.0.10.1
AoChengKaoRg(config-router)#Network 10.0.10.0 255.255.255.0 area 0
AoChengKaoRg(config-router)#Network 172.16.20.0 255.255.255.0 area 0验证实验结果
（以下验证主要显示sa路由的结果，同理可验证twins和gill路由器）
1. 命令 show ip ospf
该命令指出了路由选择协议OSPF在路由器上的运行情况，其输出中包括路由选择算法SPF运行了多少次，这是网络稳定性的风向标.该命令如下：
AoChengKaoRs>enable AoChengKaoRs#sh ip ospf Routing Process “ospf 10”
with ID 172.168.10.6 Supports only single TOS(TOS0) routes Supports
opaque LSA SPF schedule delay 5 secs, Hold time between two SPFs 10
secs Minimum LSA interval 5 secs. Minimum LSA arrival 1 secs Number
of external LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000 Number of opaque AS LSA 0.
Checksum Sum 0x000000 Number of DCbitless external and opaque AS LSA
0 Number of DoNotAge external and opaque AS LSA 0 Number of areas in
this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa External flood list length 0
Area BACKBONE(0)
Number of interfaces in this area is 2
Area has no authentication
SPF algorithm executed 4 times
Area ranges are
Number of LSA 3. Checksum Sum 0x02fcfd
Number of opaque link LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of DCbitless LSA 0
Number of indication LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge LSA 0
Flood list length 0
2. 命令 show ip ospf database
该命令显示路由器拓扑数据库的内容以及被加入到该数据库中的LSA.该命令如下：
Router# show ip ospf database
下列是该命令的输出：
AoChengKaoRs#sh ip ospf database
OSPF Router with ID (172.168.10.6) (Process ID 10)Router Link States (Area 0)Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link
count
172.168.10.6 172.168.10.6 1135 0x80000005 0x00feff 3
10.0.10.1 10.0.10.1 1135 0x80000005 0x00feff 3
172.16.10.5 172.16.10.5 1135 0x80000006 0x00feff 4
3. 命令 show ip ospf interface
该命令显示接口的OSPF配置及运行情况，这种细节对诊断配置错误很有帮助，该命令如下：
Router# show ip ospf interface [ type-number ]
下列是该命令的输出：
AoChengKaoRs#sh ip ospf interface FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol
is up Internet address is 10.0.10.1/24, Area 0 Process ID 10,
Router ID 172.168.10.6, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1 Transmit
Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1 Designated Router (ID)
172.168.10.6, Interface address 10.0.10.1 No backup designated router on this network Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead
40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
Hello due in 00:00:08 Index 1/1, flood queue length 0 Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0) Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1 Last flood
scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent
neighbor count is 0 Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s) Serial0/0/0 is
up, line protocol is up Internet address is 172.16.10.6/24, Area 0
Process ID 10, Router ID 172.168.10.6, Network Type POINT-TO-POINT,
Cost: 64
4. 命令 show ip ospf neighbor
该命令显示OSPF邻居。该命令可用于显示路由器知道的所有邻居，某个接口相连的邻居或特定的邻居，这种细节对诊断配置错误很有帮助，该命令如下：
AoChengKaoRs#sh ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
172.16.10.5 0 FULL/ - 00:00:37 172.16.10.5 Serial0/0/0
AoChengKaoRt#sh ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
172.168.10.6 0 FULL/ - 00:00:35 172.16.10.6 Serial0/0/0
10.0.10.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:35 172.16.20.6 Serial0/0/1
AoChengKaoRg#sh ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
172.16.10.5 0 FULL/ - 00:00:36 172.16.20.5 Serial0/0/0
5. 命令 show ip protocols
该命令显示路由器的IP路由选择协议配置，详细说明了协议的配置情况以及协议之间的交互情况,还指出了下一次更新在何时进行，这种细节对诊断配置错误很有帮助，该命令如下：
Router# show ip protocols
下列是该命令的输出：
AoChengKaoRs#sh ip protocols
Routing Protocol is “ospf 10” Outgoing update filter list for all
interfaces is not set Incoming update filter list for all interfaces
is not set Router ID 172.168.10.6 Number of areas in this router
is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa Maximum path: 4 Routing for Networks:
172.16.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
10.0.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
10.0.10.1 110 00:23:06
172.16.10.5 110 00:23:06
172.168.10.6 110 00:23:06 Distance: (default is 110)
6. 命令 show ip route
该命令显示路由器的IP路由选择表，详细指出了路由器是如何获悉网络和发现路由的， 该命令如下：
Router# show ip route
下列是该命令的输出：
AoChengKaoRs#sh ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R
- RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not set
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 10.0.10.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets C 172.16.10.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0 O 172.16.20.0 [110/128] via172.16.10.5, 00:53:35, Serial0/0/0 AoChengKaoRs#
思科:OSPF.pkt附件
点击下载OSPF.pkt
总结
通过配置接口IP地址，配置OSPF协议，验证了OSPF协议配置。