20190820 Python 练习：通过音乐平台获取歌手歌词并生成词云

-- coding: utf-8 --

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使用 Python 爬虫获取 HTML，用 XPath解析歌曲的 ID、名称，
再通过音乐平台的 API 接口获取每首歌的歌词，最后将歌词合并得到一个变量。
词云分析：创建 WordCloud 词云类，分析得到的歌词文本，最后可视化。
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网易云音乐 通过周杰伦的ID,生成词云

import requests
import sys
import re
import os
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from wordcloud import WordCloud
import jieba、
from PIL import Image
import numpy as np
from lxml import etree

headers = {
‘Referer’ :‘http://music.163.com’,
‘Host’ :‘music.163.com’,
‘Accept’ :‘text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,/;q=0.8’, # 这是浏览器支持的 MIME 类型,优先顺序是它们从左到右的排列顺序。
‘User-Agent’:‘Chrome/10’
}

得到某首歌的歌词

def get_song_lyric(headers, lyric_url):
res = requests.request(‘GET’, lyric_url, headers=headers)
if ‘lrc’ in res.json():
lyric = res.json()[‘lrc’][‘lyric’]
new_lyric = re.sub(r’[\d:.[]]’, ‘’,lyric)
return new_lyric
else:
return ‘’
print(res.json())

去掉停用词

def remove_stop_words(f):
stop_words = [‘作词’,‘作曲’, ‘编曲’, ‘Arranger’, ‘录音’, ‘混音’, ‘人声’, ‘Vocal’, ‘弦乐’, ‘keyboard’, ‘键盘’, ‘编辑’, ‘助理’, ‘Assistants’, ‘Mixing’, ‘Editing’, ‘Recording’, ‘音乐’, ‘制作’, ‘Producer’, ‘发行’, ‘produced’, ‘and’, ‘distributed’ ]
for stop_word in stop_words:
f = f.replace(stop_word, ‘’)
return f

生成词云

def create_word_cloud(f):
print(‘根据词频，开始生成词云！’)
f = remove_stop_words(f)
cut_text = " ".join(jieba.cut(f, cut_all=False, HMM=True))
wc = WordCloud(
font_path=“C:\Windows\Fonts\msyh.ttf”,
max_words=100,
width=2000,
height=1200,
)

print(cut_text)
wordcloud = wc.generate(cut_text)
#写词云图片
plt.imshow(wordcloud)
plt.axis("off")
plt.show()

得到Jay 页面热门前50的歌曲ID,歌曲名

def get_songs(artist_id):
page_url = ‘https://music.163.com/artist?id=’ + artist_id
# 获取网页HTML
res = requests.request(‘GET’, page_url, headers=headers)
# 用XPath解析前50首热门歌曲
html = etree.HTML(res.text)
href_xpath = “//[@id=‘hotsong-list’]//a/@href"
name_xpath = "//[@id=‘hotsong-list’]//a/text()”
hrefs = html.xpath(href_xpath)
names = html.xpath(name_xpath)
#设置热门歌曲的ID，歌曲名称
song_ids = []
song_names = []
for href, name in zip(hrefs, names):
song_ids.append(href[9:])
song_names.append(name)
print(href,’ ', name)
return song_ids, song_names

#设置歌手ID, 周杰伦 ID 为 6452
artist_id = ‘6452’
[song_ids, song_names] = get_songs(artist_id)

#所有歌词
all_word = ‘’
#获取每首歌歌词
for (song_id, song_name) in zip(song_ids, song_names):
# 歌词 API URL
lyric_url = ‘http://music.163.com/api/song/lyric?os=pc&id=’ + song_id + ‘&lv=-1&kv = -1&tv=-1’
lyric = get_song_lyric(headers, lyric_url)
all_word = all_word + ’ ’ + lyric
print(song_name)

根据词频 生成词云

create_word_cloud(all_word)

运行结果：