django实现用户注册以及邮箱验证功能
用户注册:
类似于用户登陆，同样在users.views.py中添加RegisterView(View)类，其中对表单的get和post作出处理。
如果是get方法，重新返回register页面让用户进行填写。
def get(self, request):
register_form = RegisterForm()
return render(request, "register.html", {'register_form':register_form})method = POST时，用户注册逻辑：
def post(self, request):
# 实例化form，验证每个字段是否合法
register_form = RegisterForm(request.POST)
pre_check = register_form.is_valid()
if pre_check:
# 取出email和password
user_name = request.POST.get("email", "")
pass_word = request.POST.get("password", "")
# 实例化用户，然后赋值
user_profile = UserProfile()
user_profile.username = user_name
user_profile.email = user_name
# 新建用户为非活跃用户，可通过验证变为活跃用户
user_profile.is_active = False
# 将明文转换为密文赋给password
user_profile.password = make_password(pass_word)
user_profile.save() # 保存到数据库
# 此处加入了邮箱验证的手段
send_register_email(user_name, "register")
return render(request, "login.html")
else:
# form表单验证失败，将错误信息传给前端
return render(request, "register.html", {"register_form": register_form})在form.py中添加RegisterForm类对给出表单处理类：
class RegisterForm(forms.Form):
# 不能为空
email = forms.EmailField(required=True)
password = forms.CharField(required=True, min_length=6， max_length=20)
# 出错信息
captcha = CaptchaField(error_messages={"invalid":u"验证码错误"})以下为对应的前端代码，其中添加了了django的模版用法，均以{% %}的形式在html中加入逻辑， 避免了python代码的直接插入，方便维护和修改。
<form id="email_register_form" method="post" action="{% url 'register' %}" autocomplete="off">
<div class="form-group marb20 {% if register_form.errors.email %}errorput{% endif %}">
<label>邮 箱label>
<input type="text" id="id_email" name="email" value="{{ register_form.email.value }}" placeholder="请输入您的邮箱地址" />
div>
<div class="form-group marb8 {% if register_form.errors.password %}errorput{% endif %}">
<label>密 码label>
<input type="password" id="id_password" name="password" value="{{ register_form.password.value }}" placeholder="请输入6-20位非中文字符密码" />
div>
<div class="form-group marb8 captcha1 {% if register_form.errors.captcha %}errorput{% endif %}">
<label>验 证 码label>
{{ register_form.captcha }}
div>
<div class="error btns" id="jsEmailTips">{% for key,error in register_form.errors.items %}{{ error }}{% endfor %} {{ msg }}div>
<div class="auto-box marb8">
div>
<input class="btn btn-green" id="jsEmailRegBtn" type="submit" value="注册并登录" />
{% csrf_token %}
form>{% csrf_token %}是django为了在用户提交表单时防止跨站攻击所做的保护，在表单最后没有加入的话，不能正常提交
表单中有一项为验证码，在django中可以使用django-simple-captcha模块实现：
- url(r’^captcha/’, include(‘captcha.urls’)) 配置url
- {{ register_form.captcha }} 配置前端
邮箱验证：
在users.py中添加了邮箱验证的model：
class EmailVerifyRecord(models.Model):
# 验证码
code = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name=u"验证码")
email = models.EmailField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"邮箱")
# 包含注册验证和找回验证
send_type = models.CharField(verbose_name=u"验证码类型", max_length=10, choices=(("register",u"注册"), ("forget",u"找回密码")))
send_time = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name=u"发送时间", default=datetime.now)
class Meta:
verbose_name = u"邮箱验证码"
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
def __unicode__(self):
return '{0}({1})'.format(self.code, self.email)在setting.py中添加配置邮箱信息：
EMAIL_HOST = "smtp.163.com" # 服务器
EMAIL_PORT = 25 # 一般情况下都为25
EMAIL_HOST_USER = "[email protected]" # 账号
EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = "password" # 密码
EMAIL_USE_TLS = False # 一般都为False
EMAIL_FROM = "[email protected]" # 邮箱来自
创建utils包，新建email_send .py
from random import Random # 用于生成随机码
from django.core.mail import send_mail # 发送邮件模块
from users.models import EmailVerifyRecord # 邮箱验证model
from MxOnline.settings import EMAIL_FROM # setting.py添加的的配置信息
# 生成随机字符串
def random_str(randomlength=8):
str = ''
chars = 'AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZz0123456789'
length = len(chars) - 1
random = Random()
for i in range(randomlength):
str+=chars[random.randint(0, length)]
return str
def send_register_email(email, send_type="register"):
email_record = EmailVerifyRecord()
# 将给用户发的信息保存在数据库中
code = random_str(16)
email_record.code = code
email_record.email = email
email_record.send_type = send_type
email_record.save()
# 初始化为空
email_title = ""
email_body = ""
# 如果为注册类型
if send_type == "register":
email_title = "注册激活链接"
email_body = "请点击下面的链接激活你的账号:http://127.0.0.1:8000/active/{0}".format(code)
# 发送邮件
send_status = send_mail(email_title, email_body, EMAIL_FROM, [email])
if send_status:
pass然后将用户变为活跃用户，加入相关的view：
class ActiveUserView(View):
def get(self, request, active_code):
# 用code在数据库中过滤处信息
all_records = EmailVerifyRecord.objects.filter(code=active_code)
if all_records:
for record in all_records:
email = record.email
# 通过邮箱查找到对应的用户
user = UserProfile.objects.get(email=email)
# 激活用户
user.is_active = True
user.save()
else:
return render(request, "active_fail.html")
return render(request, "login.html")配置生成页面的url：
url(r'^active/(?P.*)/$' , ActiveUserView.as_view(), name="user_active"), # 提取出active后的所有字符赋给active_code至此，便可将is_active加入到登陆的限制当中：
if user.is_active:
login(request, user) # 调用login方法登陆账号
return render(request, "index.html")
else:
return render(request, "login.html", {"msg": u"用户未激活"})