Day 4
Peak Chap 2- 1/2
Harnessing Adaptability, in the part the writer uses the examples of the brains of London cabbies to show the changes in the brain as memory is trained. Then studies go on to look at Adaptability, that the visual cortex is also trained and grown.
词汇学习
cardiovascular
/ˌkɑːdiəʊˈvæskjələ , ˌkɑːrdioʊˈvæskjələr/ adjective [usually before noun] medical
relating to the heart and blood vessels (=tubes through which blood flows around your body)
原文出处：both the structure and the function of the brain change in response to various sorts of mental training, in much the same way as your muscles and cardiovascular system respond to physical training.
Application: cardiovascular disease
thoroughfare
/ˈθʌrəfeə , ˈθʌroʊfer, ˈθʌrə-/ noun
[countable] the main road through a place such as a city or village
原文出处：To start with, there is no grid of thoroughfares that can be used for orientation and routing as you will find in Manhattan or Paris or Tokyo.
Application: The motel lies off the main thoroughfare.
squiggle
/ˈskwɪɡəl/ noun [countable]
a line with irregular curves
原文出处：Instead the city’s major streets are set at odd angles to each other. They curve and they squiggle.
Application: Martha has drawn several squiggle lines under the castle as the lake.
Abound
/əˈbaʊnd/ verb [intransitive]
to exist in very large numbers
原文出处：streets abound, there are traffic circles and dead ends all over, and through the middle of everything runs the Thames River, spanned by a dozen bridge.
Application: Rumours abound as the government decleared that news.
Ubiquitous
/juːˈbɪkwɪtəs/ adjective formal
seeming to be everywhere – sometimes used humorously
It is a French film, starring the ubiquitous Gérard Depardieu
原文出处：They’re ubiquitous—some twenty-five thousand of them driving around in their big, black, boxy cars that are the automotive equivalent of sensible shoes.
Application: Coffee shops and teahouses are ubiquitous these days.
Harness
/ˈhɑːnəs ,ˈhɑːr-/ verb [transitive]
1 to control and use the natural force or power of something
2 to fasten two animals together, or to fasten an animal to something using a harness
3 to put a harness on a horse
原文出处：Harnessing adaptability
Application: We can harness the power of the wind to generate electricity.
所思所感
延续上一章末尾，目的性明确的练习可以训练离开舒适区，但这需要一定的基础，好的方法，以及内驱力和意志力的强大。所以下一步是刻意练习，这比目的性明确的练习更进一步。
我们先来看两个实例，通过伦敦（交通状况复杂且道路环境蜿蜒多变）出租车司机的考试（可以算是世界上最难的考试），他们几乎需要把整个伦敦的三维地图和道路途径GPS全部装进大脑，完成该考试的司机，大脑的海马体结构已经改变——海马体后部的组织膨胀了，也就是负责记忆力的区域增长了。
失明的人阅读盲文，依然会在视表层发出脉冲刺激，原本被图像刺激的视表层，改成了被触觉刺激，反映到原有的结构上。
由以上实验，大脑和神经系统也是可以像肌肉一样被训练，增长和改变的。因此，对他们的训练，或者人体的大脑和神经也具有和身体肌肉一样的适应性，也是可训练性。
想到练琴的例子，手脑眼的配合，从机械性的无知训练，后来经过了目的性明确的练习，张不开的肌腱可以灵活打开，不能做到的力度和速度也能渐渐完成，大脑和神经的协调得到训练。
想到这个很开心，每天练习，每天进步，日新月异。