[转自:https://www.cnblogs.com/dskin/p/4606293.html]
C# Winform实现炫酷的透明动画界面
做过.NET Winform窗体美化的人应该都很熟悉UpdateLayeredWindow吧,UpdateLayeredWindow可以实现窗体的任意透明,效果很好,不会有毛边。不过使用这个API之后,会有一个问题就是无法使用普通控件,而且没有Paint消息。为了解决这个问题,有两种方法。
一、使用双层窗体,底层窗体使用UpdateLayeredWindow作为背景,上层窗体用普通窗体,并且可以使用TransparencyKey或者Region来实现去除不需要的窗体内容,让上层窗体能看到底层的窗体。
二、直接单层窗体,使用控件的DrawToBitmap把控件图像绘制到UpdateLayeredWindow的窗体上,这样就可以看到普通控件了。不过这个也有问题:1.控件内容不能自动更新 2.效率低,很多控件使用DrawToBitmap绘制出的图像不完整,甚至绘制不出图像。比如TextBox无法显示光标,WebBrowser无法显示内容。
三、采用DirectUI技术,重写所有基础控件。效果最好,不过工作量巨大。
使用UpdateLayeredWindow时,一般是需要对Bitmap缓存起来,通过设置剪辑区域,局部重绘来提高效率。另外还可以异步重绘,模拟Winform的失效到重绘。
有些人会说为什么不直接用WPF啊,Wpf和Winform各有优缺点,适应不同的场合。Winform相对于使用更简单一些,系统要求更低。当然需要看人的习惯了和擅长的。
UpdateLayeredWindow 基本使用方法:
重写窗体的 CreateParams 属性
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protected override CreateParams CreateParams
{
get
{
CreateParams cp = base .CreateParams;
cp.ExStyle |= 0x00080000 ; // WS_EX_LAYERED 扩展样式
return cp;
}
}
API调用:
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public void SetBitmap(Bitmap bitmap, byte opacity)
{
if (bitmap.PixelFormat != PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb)
throw new ApplicationException( "位图必须是32位包含alpha 通道" );
IntPtr screenDc = Win32.GetDC(IntPtr.Zero);
IntPtr memDc = Win32.CreateCompatibleDC(screenDc);
IntPtr hBitmap = IntPtr.Zero;
IntPtr oldBitmap = IntPtr.Zero;
try
{
hBitmap = bitmap.GetHbitmap(Color.FromArgb( 0 )); // 创建GDI位图句柄,效率较低
oldBitmap = Win32.SelectObject(memDc, hBitmap);
Win32.Size size = new Win32.Size(bitmap.Width, bitmap.Height);
Win32.Point pointSource = new Win32.Point( 0 , 0 );
Win32.Point topPos = new Win32.Point(Left, Top);
Win32.BLENDFUNCTION blend = new Win32.BLENDFUNCTION();
blend.BlendOp = Win32.AC_SRC_OVER;
blend.BlendFlags = 0 ;
blend.SourceConstantAlpha = opacity;
blend.AlphaFormat = Win32.AC_SRC_ALPHA;
Win32.UpdateLayeredWindow(Handle, screenDc, ref topPos, ref size, memDc, ref pointSource, 0 , ref blend, Win32.ULW_ALPHA);
}
finally
{
Win32.ReleaseDC(IntPtr.Zero, screenDc);
if (hBitmap != IntPtr.Zero)
{
Win32.SelectObject(memDc, oldBitmap);
Win32.DeleteObject(hBitmap);
}
Win32.DeleteDC(memDc);
}
}
API声明:
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class Win32
{
public enum Bool
{
False = 0 ,
True
} ;
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct Point
{
public Int32 x;
public Int32 y;
public Point(Int32 x, Int32 y)
{ this .x = x; this .y = y; }
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct Size
{
public Int32 cx;
public Int32 cy;
public Size(Int32 cx, Int32 cy)
{ this .cx = cx; this .cy = cy; }
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 1 )]
struct ARGB
{
public byte Blue;
public byte Green;
public byte Red;
public byte Alpha;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 1 )]
public struct BLENDFUNCTION
{
public byte BlendOp;
public byte BlendFlags;
public byte SourceConstantAlpha;
public byte AlphaFormat;
}
public const Int32 ULW_COLORKEY = 0x00000001 ;
public const Int32 ULW_ALPHA = 0x00000002 ;
public const Int32 ULW_OPAQUE = 0x00000004 ;
public const byte AC_SRC_OVER = 0x00 ;
public const byte AC_SRC_ALPHA = 0x01 ;
[DllImport( " user32.dll " , ExactSpelling = true , SetLastError = true )]
public static extern Bool UpdateLayeredWindow(IntPtr hwnd, IntPtr hdcDst, ref Point pptDst, ref Size psize, IntPtr hdcSrc, ref Point pprSrc, Int32 crKey, ref BLENDFUNCTION pblend, Int32 dwFlags);
[DllImport( " user32.dll " , ExactSpelling = true , SetLastError = true )]
public static extern IntPtr GetDC(IntPtr hWnd);
[DllImport( " user32.dll " , ExactSpelling = true )]
public static extern int ReleaseDC(IntPtr hWnd, IntPtr hDC);
[DllImport( " gdi32.dll " , ExactSpelling = true , SetLastError = true )]
public static extern IntPtr CreateCompatibleDC(IntPtr hDC);
[DllImport( " gdi32.dll " , ExactSpelling = true , SetLastError = true )]
public static extern Bool DeleteDC(IntPtr hdc);
[DllImport( " gdi32.dll " , ExactSpelling = true )]
public static extern IntPtr SelectObject(IntPtr hDC, IntPtr hObject);
[DllImport( " gdi32.dll " , ExactSpelling = true , SetLastError = true )]
public static extern Bool DeleteObject(IntPtr hObject);
[DllImport( " user32.dll " , EntryPoint = " SendMessage " )]
public static extern int SendMessage( int hWnd, int wMsg, int wParam, int lParam);
[DllImport( " user32.dll " , EntryPoint = " ReleaseCapture " )]
public static extern int ReleaseCapture();
public const int WM_SysCommand = 0x0112 ;
public const int SC_MOVE = 0xF012 ;
public const int SC_MAXIMIZE = 61488 ;
public const int SC_MINIMIZE = 61472 ;
}
需要呈现图像的时候调用 SetBitmap 方法。只要优化好,呈现效率比普通的Paint重绘方式高很多,并且不卡不闪烁,支持任意透明。
下面是自己开发出来的效果:
这个是用OpenGL绘制的
推荐一款C#界面库:DSkin界面库(Winform平台首个DirectUI界面库) http://d.cskin.net
还有一个也是我开发的免费界面库LayeredSkin http://bbs.cskin.net/forum-56-1.html 也可以实现很多效果
Winform也可以很炫丽的!
标签: Winform, .NET, C#, UpdateLayeredWindow, 控件美化, 窗体美化, 控件库, Winform美化