Spring和Token整合详解

Spring和Token整合详解

一、官方主页

Spring Security

二、概述

Spring 是一个非常流行和成功的 Java 应用开发框架。Spring Security 基于 Spring 框架,提供了一套 Web 应用安全性的完整解决方案。一般来说,Web 应用的安全性包括用户认证(Authentication)和用户授权(Authorization)两个部分。用户认证指的是验证某个用户是否为系统中的合法主体,也就是说用户能否访问该系统。用户认证一般要求用户提供用户名和密码。系统通过校验用户名和密码来完成认证过程。用户授权指的是验证某个用户是否有权限执行某个操作。在一个系统中,不同用户所具有的权限是不同的。比如对一个文件来说,有的用户只能进行读取,而有的用户可以进行修改。一般来说,系统会为不同的用户分配不同的角色,而每个角色则对应一系列的权限。

Spring和Token整合,其实是对Spring Security 添加登陆和验证filter,不再以session作为登陆验证的标准,而是每次从请求中取token进行校验,如果token是正确的,解析出用户信息并交给Spring Security进行下一步操作。

Git地址:
Gitee

项目地址:
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三、开始搭建

3.1 依赖Jar包


<project
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"
	xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
	<parent>
		<groupId>cn.pomitgroupId>
		<artifactId>SpringWorkartifactId>
		<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOTversion>
	parent>
	<artifactId>TokenartifactId>
	<packaging>jarpackaging>
	<name>Tokenname>
	<url>http://maven.apache.orgurl>
	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servletgroupId>
			<artifactId>javax.servlet-apiartifactId>
			<version>4.0.0version>
		dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
			<artifactId>spring-webartifactId>
		dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.securitygroupId>
			<artifactId>spring-security-coreartifactId>
		dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.securitygroupId>
			<artifactId>spring-security-webartifactId>
		dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.securitygroupId>
			<artifactId>spring-security-configartifactId>
		dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.coregroupId>
			<artifactId>jackson-databindartifactId>
		dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>cn.pomitgroupId>
			<artifactId>MybatisartifactId>
			<version>${project.version}version>
		dependency>
		<dependency>
		    <groupId>io.jsonwebtokengroupId>
		    <artifactId>jjwtartifactId>
		    <version>0.9.0version>
		dependency>
	dependencies>
	<build>
		<finalName>TokenfinalName>
	build>
project>

父pom管理了所有依赖jar包的版本,地址:
https://www.pomit.cn/spring/SpringWork/pom.xml

3.2 web.xml配置Security

Spring整合Security需要配置Security的安全控制策略,首先需要在web.xml中配置Spring Security的filter。

在web.xml中加入这几行即可:


	<filter>
		<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChainfilter-name>
		<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxyfilter-class>
	filter>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChainfilter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*url-pattern>
	filter-mapping>

3.3 Spring Security的全局配置

Spring Security的需要一个全局的配置,配置哪些url经过验证,哪些无需验证,验证成功/失败的处理器,全局验证失败处理器,登陆地址,登陆用户名密码字段,自定义的filter等等一堆信息。

这里我们直接用注解的形式去写了,用xml的形式去写感觉有点麻烦,后面我会加个xml,把token的管理器写进去,当然,这个管理器也可以直接用注解,这里先不说。

TokenWebSecurityConfig:

package cn.pomit.springwork.token.config;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;

import cn.pomit.springwork.token.filter.TokenAuthenticationFilter;
import cn.pomit.springwork.token.filter.TokenLoginFilter;
import cn.pomit.springwork.token.handler.DefaultPasswordEncoder;
import cn.pomit.springwork.token.handler.TokenLogoutHandler;
import cn.pomit.springwork.token.handler.UnauthorizedEntryPoint;
import cn.pomit.springwork.token.manager.TokenManager;

@Configuration
public class TokenWebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
	private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;
	private TokenManager tokenManager;
	private DefaultPasswordEncoder defaultPasswordEncoder;

	@Autowired
	public TokenWebSecurityConfig(UserDetailsService userDetailsService, DefaultPasswordEncoder defaultPasswordEncoder,
			TokenManager tokenManager) {
		this.userDetailsService = userDetailsService;
		this.defaultPasswordEncoder = defaultPasswordEncoder;
		this.tokenManager = tokenManager;
	}

	@Override
	protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
		http.exceptionHandling().authenticationEntryPoint(new UnauthorizedEntryPoint()).and().csrf().disable()
				.authorizeRequests().antMatchers("/login").permitAll().antMatchers("/public/**").permitAll()
				.anyRequest().authenticated().and().logout().logoutUrl("/logout")
				.addLogoutHandler(new TokenLogoutHandler(tokenManager)).and()
				.addFilter(new TokenLoginFilter(authenticationManager(), tokenManager))
				.addFilter(new TokenAuthenticationFilter(authenticationManager(), tokenManager)).httpBasic();
	}

	@Override
	public void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
		auth.userDetailsService(userDetailsService).passwordEncoder(defaultPasswordEncoder);
	}
}

这里面的东西需要讲一下:

  • UserDetailsService是spring的规范,用来查询用户信息做检验用的,需要我们自己实现一个service去查询用户信息。

  • TokenManager是我们定义的一个token管理器,这个token管理器是一个接口,我们可以定义实现类为jwttoken,那我们就是按照jwt标准去实现token的管理即可,也可以自定义token的生成和解析,比如我们可以把token放在redis上,这样token生成规则就不重要了,可以通过redis去做对应。jwttoken是可以反解析的,所以在多机上也是可以用的,就是有点长。

  • DefaultPasswordEncoder是对密码的处理方法,我可以用不处理密码的方式去实现它,也可以用md5、BCrypt等方式去加密。这个加密后数据要跟数据库的密码一致。

  • UnauthorizedEntryPoint是对未授权的操作的统一处理方法。

  • TokenLogoutHandler 处理登出。

  • TokenLoginFilter 登陆过滤器,对登陆操作做解析,生成token的过程。

  • TokenAuthenticationFilter 验证过滤器,对每个请求做校验,解析携带的token,如果无效,就失败。

3.4 Security的用户信息来源

UserDetailsService是spring的规范,用来查询用户信息做检验用的,需要我们自己实现一个service去查询用户信息,
这个service在TokenWebSecurityConfig中被调用,自动装配到Spring的Authentication中。其实就是拿走了用户名密码,TokenUserDetails是service返回的实体,实现了UserDetails接口,这个接口要求你必须返回实现用户名和密码的获取接口。用户名和密码会在登陆过滤器中和前端传过来的用户名密码做对比。这个过程是隐藏的,如果你想自定义对比过程,那要自己写一个AuthenticationProvider了。

TokenUserDetailsService:

package cn.pomit.springwork.token.service;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import cn.pomit.springwork.mybatis.domain.UserInfo;
import cn.pomit.springwork.mybatis.service.UserInfoService;
import cn.pomit.springwork.token.model.TokenUserDetails;

@Service
public class TokenUserDetailsService implements UserDetailsService {
	@Autowired
	private UserInfoService appUserService;

	@Override
	public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String userName) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
		UserInfo user;
		try {
			user = appUserService.getUserInfoByUserName(userName);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			throw new UsernameNotFoundException("user select fail");
		}
		if (user == null) {
			throw new UsernameNotFoundException("no user found");
		} else {
			try {
				return new TokenUserDetails(user);
			} catch (Exception e) {
				throw new UsernameNotFoundException("user role select fail");
			}
		}
	}

}

这里用到了UserInfoService ,它是个查询数据库的一个service,UserInfoService是依赖包Mybatis项目中定义的一个数据库访问的service,这里就不写了,可以在快速构建Spring项目工具中查看Mybatis组合组件的代码。

TokenUserDetails:

package cn.pomit.springwork.token.model;

import java.util.Collection;

import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.AuthorityUtils;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;

import cn.pomit.springwork.mybatis.domain.UserInfo;

public class TokenUserDetails extends UserInfo implements UserDetails {

	public TokenUserDetails(UserInfo appUser) {
		super(appUser);
	}

	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 6272869114201567325L;

	@Override
	public Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities() {
		return AuthorityUtils.createAuthorityList("USER");
	}

	@Override
	public String getUsername() {
		return super.getUserName();
	}

	@Override
	public boolean isAccountNonExpired() {
		return true;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean isAccountNonLocked() {
		return true;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() {
		return true;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean isEnabled() {
		return true;
	}

	@Override
	public String getPassword() {
		return super.getPasswd();
	}

}

3.5 登录过滤器

登录过滤器是对前端传过来的数据解析,并调用attemptAuthentication去验证的过程,其中successfulAuthentication是登录成功的处理方法,unsuccessfulAuthentication是失败的处理方法。

TokenLoginFilter:

package cn.pomit.springwork.token.filter;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;

import cn.pomit.springwork.token.manager.TokenManager;
import cn.pomit.springwork.token.model.LoginUserReq;
import cn.pomit.springwork.token.model.LoginUserRes;
import cn.pomit.springwork.token.model.ResultCode;
import cn.pomit.springwork.token.model.ResultModel;
import cn.pomit.springwork.token.model.TokenUserDetails;

import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationCredentialsNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.BadCredentialsException;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.ProviderNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.AuthenticationException;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter;
import org.springframework.security.web.util.matcher.AntPathRequestMatcher;

import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;

public class TokenLoginFilter extends UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter {
	private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;
	private TokenManager tokenManager;

	public TokenLoginFilter(AuthenticationManager authenticationManager, TokenManager tokenManager) {
		this.authenticationManager = authenticationManager;
		this.tokenManager = tokenManager;
		this.setPostOnly(false);
		this.setRequiresAuthenticationRequestMatcher(new AntPathRequestMatcher("/login"));
	}

	@Override
	public Authentication attemptAuthentication(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res)
			throws AuthenticationException {
		try {
			LoginUserReq user = new ObjectMapper().readValue(req.getInputStream(), LoginUserReq.class);
			return authenticationManager.authenticate(
					new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(user.getUserName(), user.getPassword(), new ArrayList<>()));
		} catch (IOException e) {
			throw new RuntimeException(e);
		}

	}

	@Override
	protected void successfulAuthentication(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res, FilterChain chain,
			Authentication auth) throws IOException, ServletException {
		TokenUserDetails user = (TokenUserDetails) auth.getPrincipal();

		String token = tokenManager.createToken(user.getUsername());

		LoginUserRes loginUserRes = new LoginUserRes();
		loginUserRes.setUsername(user.getUsername());
		loginUserRes.setToken(token);
		ResultModel rm = new ResultModel(ResultCode.CODE_00000);
		rm.setData(loginUserRes);

		ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
		res.setStatus(HttpStatus.OK.value());
		res.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE);
		mapper.writeValue(res.getWriter(), rm);
	}

	@Override
	protected void unsuccessfulAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
			AuthenticationException e) throws IOException, ServletException {
		response.setStatus(HttpStatus.OK.value());
		ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
		ResultModel rm = null;
		if (e instanceof BadCredentialsException) {
			rm = new ResultModel(ResultCode.CODE_00001.getCode(), e.getMessage());
		} else if (e instanceof UsernameNotFoundException) {
			rm = new ResultModel(ResultCode.CODE_00011);
		} else if (e instanceof AuthenticationCredentialsNotFoundException) {
			rm = new ResultModel(ResultCode.CODE_00003);
		} else if (e instanceof ProviderNotFoundException) {
			rm = new ResultModel(ResultCode.CODE_10000, e.getMessage());
		} else {
			rm = new ResultModel(ResultCode.CODE_00013);
		}

		response.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE);
		mapper.writeValue(response.getWriter(), rm);

	}
}

这里面:

  • AuthenticationManager是spring security自己的内部bean。

  • TokenManager是我们自己的token管理器。

  • setRequiresAuthenticationRequestMatcher是定义了登录处理的url。

  • setPostOnly(false) 如果不设置为false,get请求是无效的。

3.6 验证过滤器

验证过滤器的功能很简单,就是从可以拿到token的地方拿到token,然后从tokenManager中解析出用户信息,然后将用户信息塞到Authentication中,这样Spring security就没话说了,通过了。

在这里有个重要的地方要说下:如果session没有被禁用,那Spring security还是自动从cookie里解析出sessionId,如果这个session已经验证了一次,服务器看到有验证信息,那后面带token的解析和不带token的解析都是一样的了。虽然我们带了token,又生成了新的Authentication替换了session中的Authentication,略显多余。token一般用在无法使用session的场景。

TokenAuthenticationFilter:

package cn.pomit.springwork.token.filter;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;

import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken;
import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.www.BasicAuthenticationFilter;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;

import cn.pomit.springwork.token.manager.TokenManager;

public class TokenAuthenticationFilter extends BasicAuthenticationFilter {
	private TokenManager tokenManager;

	public TokenAuthenticationFilter(AuthenticationManager authManager, TokenManager tokenManager) {
		super(authManager);
		this.tokenManager = tokenManager;
	}

	@Override
	protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res, FilterChain chain)
			throws IOException, ServletException {
		String header = req.getHeader("token");

		if (header == null) {
			chain.doFilter(req, res);
			return;
		}

		UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authentication = getAuthentication(req);

		if (authentication != null) {
			SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authentication);
		}
		chain.doFilter(req, res);
	}

	private UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken getAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request) {
		// token置于header里
		String token = request.getHeader("token");
		if (token != null && !"".equals(token.trim())) {
			// parse the token.
			String userName = tokenManager.getUserFromToken(token);

			if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(userName)) {
				return new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(userName, token, new ArrayList<>());
			}
			return null;
		}
		return null;
	}
}

3.7 token管理器

token管理器不要求一定用什么框架,我们这里选择了jwt token框架,是为了简单,而且支持多机,而且不需要第三方服务支持。

如果将token存在本地,那token只能单机用了。

如果将token存在redis,那多个机器可以共享token,但是要部署redis,还要连接redis。麻烦。这里不讲。

jwt token 就是太长,又丑又长。

我们先定义个一个接口TokenManager,具体实现可以自己写,下面我会写个jwt 的实现。

TokenManager:

package cn.pomit.springwork.token.manager;

public interface TokenManager {

	public String createToken(String username);

	public String getUserFromToken(String token);

	public void removeToken(String token);

}

JwtTokenManager :

package cn.pomit.springwork.token.manager;

import java.util.Date;

import io.jsonwebtoken.CompressionCodecs;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Jwts;
import io.jsonwebtoken.SignatureAlgorithm;

public class JwtTokenManager implements TokenManager{
	private Long tokenExpiration;
	private String tokenSignKey;

	@Override
	public String createToken(String username) {
		String token = Jwts.builder().setSubject(username)
				.setExpiration(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + tokenExpiration))
				.signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS512, tokenSignKey).compressWith(CompressionCodecs.GZIP).compact();
		return token;
	}

	@Override
	public String getUserFromToken(String token) {
		String user = Jwts.parser().setSigningKey(tokenSignKey).parseClaimsJws(token).getBody().getSubject();
		return user;
	}

	@Override
	public void removeToken(String token) {
		//jwttoken无需删除,客户端扔掉即可。
	}

}

3.8 密码处理器

这里模拟啥都不处理。

package cn.pomit.springwork.token.handler;

import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class DefaultPasswordEncoder implements PasswordEncoder {

	public DefaultPasswordEncoder() {
		this(-1);
	}

	/**
	 * @param strength
	 *            the log rounds to use, between 4 and 31
	 */
	public DefaultPasswordEncoder(int strength) {

	}

	public String encode(CharSequence rawPassword) {
		return rawPassword.toString();
	}

	public boolean matches(CharSequence rawPassword, String encodedPassword) {
		return rawPassword.toString().equals(encodedPassword);
	}
}

3.9 安全控制器

登出控制器TokenLogoutHandler:

package cn.pomit.springwork.token.handler;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutHandler;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;

import cn.pomit.springwork.token.manager.TokenManager;
import cn.pomit.springwork.token.model.ResultCode;
import cn.pomit.springwork.token.model.ResultModel;

public class TokenLogoutHandler implements LogoutHandler {
	private TokenManager tokenManager;

	public TokenLogoutHandler(TokenManager tokenManager) {
		this.tokenManager = tokenManager;
	}

	@Override
	public void logout(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Authentication authentication) {
		String token = request.getHeader("token");
		if (token != null) {
			tokenManager.removeToken(token);
		}
		ResultModel rm = new ResultModel(ResultCode.CODE_00000);

		ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
		response.setStatus(HttpStatus.OK.value());
		response.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE);
		try {
			mapper.writeValue(response.getWriter(), rm);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

}

未授权处理器UnauthorizedEntryPoint:

package cn.pomit.springwork.token.handler;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.security.core.AuthenticationException;
import org.springframework.security.web.AuthenticationEntryPoint;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;

import cn.pomit.springwork.token.model.ResultCode;
import cn.pomit.springwork.token.model.ResultModel;

public class UnauthorizedEntryPoint implements AuthenticationEntryPoint {

	@Override
	public void commence(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
			AuthenticationException authException) throws IOException, ServletException {
		ResultModel rm = new ResultModel(ResultCode.CODE_00005, "401未授权!");

		ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
		response.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE);
		mapper.writeValue(response.getWriter(), rm);
	}

}

详细完整代码,可以在《品茗IT-Spring和Token整合详解》中查看,也可以在Spring组件化构建中选择并下载。

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