Java-接口自动化测试-HttpClient的使用（Get请求中的Cookie、Header、与参数的处理）
1：HttpClient模拟一个get请求的Demo
1.1：Maven添加HttpClient依赖
org.apache.httpcomponents
httpclient
4.5.3
1.2：代码实现 模拟baidu的Get请求
package cn.Demo.HttpClient;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
/**
* HttpClient get请求 模拟请求baidu 获取返回值
* */
public class GetDemo {
@Test
public void baiduReturn() throws Exception, IOException{
//创建Get对象 请求URL要写全 否则会报Host的异常
HttpGet get = new HttpGet("http://www.baidu.com");
//创建get方法的执行对象
//HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
// 创建get方法的执行对象 HttpClient4.X之后是这样创建client对象的
CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();
//获取response对象
HttpResponse response = client.execute(get);
//将response对象转换成String类型
String responseStr = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),"utf-8");
System.out.println(responseStr);
}
}1.3：运行查看打印
查看打印 可以看到response的html返回页全部都打印出来了
2：获取Cookies信息
2.1：编写Test.json文件
实际这是两个接口 /GetDemo/withCookies接口是获取Cookies，/GetDemo/useCookies接口是使用cookies才能访问
[
{
"description":"Mock模拟接口，返回Cookies",
"request":{
"uri":"/GetDemo/withCookies",
"method":"get"
},
"response":{
"json":{
"Code":"Success",
"Data":{
"Link":"./locatin/xxx.jpg",
"Message":"Mock模拟的带Header信息的请求"
}
},
"cookies":{
"sessionID":"AABBCCDD"
}
}
},
{
"description":"Mock模拟接口，使用sessionID才能访问成功",
"request":{
"uri":"/GetDemo/useCookies",
"method":"get",
"cookies":{
"sessionID":"AABBCCDD"
}
},
"response":{
"json":{
"Link":"/GetDemo/useCookies",
"Data":{
"name":"Anndy",
"age":18,
"Time":"2018-9-9"
}
}
}
}
]2.2：HttpClient4.x获取Cookie
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
// 创建Get对象 请求URL要写全 否则会报Host的异常
HttpGet get = new HttpGet("http://localhost:8888/GetDemo/withCookies");
//创建CookieStore对象用来获取cookie
CookieStore cookieStore = new BasicCookieStore();
// 创建get方法的执行对象 HttpClient4.X之后是这样创建client对象的
CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.custom().setDefaultCookieStore(cookieStore).build();
// 获取response对象
HttpResponse response= client.execute(get);
// 将response对象转换成String类型
String responseStr = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "utf-8");
System.out.println(responseStr);
//获取到的Cookie是应该Cookie为泛型的List集合
List cookies = cookieStore.getCookies();
for (Cookie cookie : cookies) {
System.out.println(cookie.toString());
System.out.println(cookie.getName()+"--"+cookie.getValue());
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} 2.3：执行结果
3：HttpClient4.x设置访问是添加设置Cookies信息
同样还是2.1的Mock文件，携带Cookie访问的代码如下
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
// 创建get访问对象
HttpGet get = new HttpGet("http://localhost:8889/GetDemo/useCookies");
// 创建CookieStore对象用来管理cookie
CookieStore cookieStore = new BasicCookieStore();
//new BasicClientCookie对象 用来注入cookie
BasicClientCookie cookie = new BasicClientCookie("sessionID", "AABBCCDD");
cookie.setDomain("localhost");//设置cookie的作用域
cookieStore.addCookie(cookie);//将cookie添加到cookieStore中
// 创建get方法的执行对象 HttpClient4.X之后是这样创建client对象 设置cookies和header信息
CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.custom().setDefaultCookieStore(cookieStore).build();
HttpResponse response = client.execute(get);
// 将response对象转换成String类型
String responseStr = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "utf-8");
System.out.println(responseStr);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}4：Get请求中设置Header信息
4.1：Mock接口实现的json文件
[
{
"description":"这是Mock接口,带Header和参数的Demo",
"request":{
"uri":"/GetDemo/withHeaders",
"method":"get",
"headers":{
"context-Type":"AA",
"Angent":"BB"
},
"queries":{
"name":"Anndy",
"age":"18"
}
},
"response":{
"json":{
"Code":"Success",
"Data":{
"Link":"./locatin/xxx.jpg",
"Message":"Mock模拟的带Header信息的请求"
}
}
}
}
]4.2：代码实现
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
//创建URLBuilder对象
URIBuilder uriBuilder = new URIBuilder("http://localhost:8889/GetDemo/withHeaders");
//创建集合 添加参数
List list = new LinkedList<>();
BasicNameValuePair param1 = new BasicNameValuePair("name", "Anndy");
BasicNameValuePair param2 = new BasicNameValuePair("age", "18");
list.add(param1);
list.add(param2);
uriBuilder.addParameters(list);
// 创建get访问对象
HttpGet get = new HttpGet(uriBuilder.build());
//设置Headers头信息
get.setHeader("context-Type", "AA");
get.setHeader("Angent", "BB");
CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpResponse response = client.execute(get);
// 将response对象转换成String类型
String responseStr = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "utf-8");
System.out.println(responseStr);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}